Abstract: An apparatus for laser deposition with a reactive gas includes a source, a target, and a substrate. The source emits a plasma jet of the reactive gas. The target generates a plasma plume of a deposition material when a laser beam ablates the target. The substrate collects a film resulting from a chemical reaction between the deposition material from the plasma plume and the reactive gas from the plasma jet. Correspondingly, a method for laser deposition with a reactive gas includes steps of emitting a plasma jet of the reactive gas, ablating a target with a laser beam, and collecting a film on a substrate. The plasma jet emits from an orifice of a source. Ablating the target generates a plasma plume of a deposition material. The film results from a chemical reaction between the deposition material from the plasma plume and the reactive gas from the plasma jet.

Abstract: A system and method generates confined electromagnetic radiation emanating from a remote position along a line of sight. The system includes a laser arrangement and a wavefront modifier. The laser arrangement generates at least one laser beam. The wavefront modifier produces a spatial arrangement of foci of the laser beam directed along the line of sight. The foci of the laser beam induce plasma filaments within an atmosphere at the remote position along the line of sight. The plasma filaments emit the electromagnetic radiation emanating from the remote position along the line of sight.

Abstract: A method where a laser beam is configured to generate a laser-induced plasma filament (LIPF), and the LIPF acts as a decoy to detract a homing missile or other threat from a specific target.

Abstract: A focus controlling component is configured to control a focus of a laser beam that passes through water and induces plasmas that emit signals. The focus of the laser beam is controlled such that the signals emitted by the induced plasmas interfere to form a combined signal that propagates in a desired direction.

Abstract: An antenna comprising: a radio frequency (RF) coupler; a transceiver communicatively coupled to the RF coupler; a laser configured to generate a plurality of femtosecond laser pulses so as to create, without the use of high voltage electrodes, a laser-induced plasma filament (LIPF) in atmospheric air, wherein the laser is operatively coupled to the RF coupler such that RF energy is transferred between the LIPF and the RF coupler; and wherein the laser is configured to modulate a characteristic of the laser pulses at a rate within the range of 1 Hz to 1 GHz so as to modulate a conduction efficiency of the LIPF thereby creating a variable impedance LIPF antenna.

Abstract: An antenna comprising: a radio frequency (RF) coupler; a transceiver communicatively coupled to the RF coupler; a laser configured to generate a plurality of femtosecond laser pulses so as to create, without the use of high voltage electrodes, a laser-induced plasma filament (LIPF) in atmospheric air, wherein the laser is operatively coupled to the RF coupler such that RF energy is transferred between the LIPF and the RF coupler; and wherein the laser is configured to modulate a characteristic of the laser pulses at a rate within the range of 1 Hz to 1 GHz so as to modulate a conduction efficiency of the LIPF thereby creating a variable impedance LIPF antenna.

Abstract: A focus controlling component is configured to control a focus of a laser beam to have respective focal points surrounding an object. The laser beam induces respective plasmas at the respective focal points. The respective plasmas emit respective acoustic pressure waves that control movement of the object.

Abstract: A focus controlling component is configured to control a focus of a laser beam that passes through water and induces plasmas that emit signals. The focus of the laser beam is controlled such that the signals emitted by the induced plasmas interfere to form a combined signal that propagates in a desired direction.

Abstract: A method where a laser beam is configured to generate a laser-induced plasma filament (LIPF), and the LIPF acts as a decoy to detract a homing missile or other threat from a specific target.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and system for dermatologically noninvasive testing for blood sugar concentration using an interferometry optical design. The present apparatus, method and system are used to measure the optical properties of blood, without puncturing the skin or drawing blood samples. They incorporate the use of an electromagnetic light source and two optical polarizers. A dermatological sample, e.g., the earlobe, webbing between fingers, is illuminated with polarized electromagnetic light. When the linearly polarized light passes through this dermatological sample, the blood in the dermatological sample acts as an optical rotator due to the optical interaction with the blood sample. The presence of molecular chirality in the blood sample induces optical activity. After the skin is illuminated, a second polarizer finds the orientation of the polarization by maximizing the intensity on the photo detector. As a result, the blood sugar concentration may be determined.

Abstract: A method comprising the steps of propagating an infrared laser pulse in air, self-focusing the laser pulse until the laser reaches a critical power density, wherein molecules in the air ionize and simultaneously absorb a plurality of infrared photons resulting in a clamping effect on the intensity of the pulse, wherein the laser pulse defocuses and plasma is created, causing a dynamical competition between the self-focusing of the laser pulse and the defocusing effect due to the created plasma, the laser pulse maintaining a small beam diameter and high peak intensity over large distances, creating a plasma column, repeating the above steps to create a plurality of plasma columns, creating a parallel linear array with the plurality of plasma columns, and using the array to deflect an incident energy.

Abstract: A method comprising the steps of propagating an infrared laser pulse in air, self-focusing the laser pulse until the laser reaches a critical power density, wherein molecules in the air ionize and simultaneously absorb a plurality of infrared photons resulting in a clamping effect on the intensity of the pulse, wherein the laser pulse defocuses and plasma is created, causing a dynamical competition between the self-focusing of the laser pulse and the defocusing effect due to the created plasma, the laser pulse maintaining a small beam diameter and high peak intensity over large distances, creating a plasma column, repeating the above steps to create a plurality of plasma columns, creating a parallel linear array with the plurality of plasma columns, and using the array to deflect an incident energy.

Abstract: An optoelectronic device is provided that includes a doped substrate, a tunneling barrier, a direct bandgap two dimensional semiconductor material, a hot electron emitter, a gate electrode, and a voltage bias. The hot electron emitter injects hot electrons from the underlying substrate into the conduction band of the direct bandgap two dimensional semiconductor material via quantum tunneling. The gate electrode is operable to provide the voltage bias in a direction normal to the X-Y plane of the direct bandgap two dimensional semiconductor material so as to generate an electric field perpendicular to the direct bandgap two dimensional semiconductor material. The voltage bias provided by the gate is operable to change an optical bandgap of the direct bandgap two dimensional semiconductor material continuously from the visible to the mid-infrared spectral regime via an electric dipole layer enhanced Giant Stark Effect for electrically-tunable hot electron luminescence applications.

Abstract: A method and fluid antenna apparatus are disclosed that incorporate optical agitation of electrolytes. The fluid antenna comprises a substantially enclosed container having a transparent window, an electrolytic fluid disposed within the substantially enclosed container, a light source, the light source producing an optical beam, wherein the light source is configured to direct the optical beam into the container; wherein the transparent window is configured to receive the optical beam from the light source; and wherein the beam has sufficient intensity to enable movement of charged particles in the electrolytic fluid in the container via radiation pressure.

Abstract: A device includes a substrate with a tunnel barrier disposed on active region defined on the substrate, a monolayer of graphene disposed on the tunnel barrier, a dielectric material disposed on the graphene, and an electrode disposed over a region of the dielectric material. A first voltage is applied across the electrode and the graphene to adjust a Fermi level within the graphene to a Fermi level position within the valence band of the graphene based upon a predetermined emission wavelength. A current is injected into the graphene's conduction band to cause the graphene to emit a broadband hot electron luminescence (HEL) spectrum of photons peaked at the predetermined emission wavelength. The device may be configured as a vertical-tunneling light-emitting hot-electron transistor. The broadband HEL photon emission spectrum emanating from the graphene may be voltage-tunable within the electromagnetic spectrum from UV to THz.

Abstract: A system and method for focus-stacking images that results in a clearer image, particularly where objects in the image are at different depths of field. The system and method may be used in connection with, or made a part of, an imaging system, including a telescope, camera, binoculars or other imaging system. The system and method incorporate one or more focus-altering devices that alter the focus of an image produced by the imaging system. The system and method also incorporate a modulation device that modulates between two or focal planes, thereby resulting in a focus-stacked image that is a combination of two or more focal planes.

Abstract: A color-changing lighting system includes a color temperature meter for determining a color temperature of visible light within an environment. The color-changing lighting system also includes a microprocessor for converting the color temperature of the visible light to red, green, and blue (RGB) values. The color-changing lighting system further includes a light control unit for calibrating a full spectrum color changing light source to output light having the color temperature of the visible light within the environment, according to the RGB values.

Abstract: A method and fluid antenna apparatus are disclosed that incorporate optical agitation of electrolytes. The fluid antenna comprises a substantially enclosed container having a transparent window, an electrolytic fluid disposed within the substantially enclosed container, a light source, the light source producing an optical beam, wherein the light source is configured to direct the optical beam into the container; wherein the transparent window is configured to receive the optical beam from the light source; and wherein the beam has sufficient intensity to enable movement of charged particles in the electrolytic fluid in the container via radiation pressure.

Abstract: A multi-source energy harvesting system, method and device are disclosed. The system, method and device incorporate multiple energy harvesting technologies to charge personal electronic devices. Solar, rain, wind, electromagnetic and radio frequency energy may be harvested using this system, method and device. A polymer solar cell may be used to harvest solar energy. Polymer piezoelectric materials may be used to harvest rain and wind energy. Inductive charging may be used to harvest electromagnetic energy.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and system for dermatologically noninvasive testing for blood sugar concentration using an interferometry optical design. The present apparatus, method and system are used to measure the optical properties of blood, without puncturing the skin or drawing blood samples. They incorporate the use of an electromagnetic light source and two optical polarizers. A dermatological sample, e.g., the earlobe, webbing between fingers, is illuminated with polarized electromagnetic light. When the linearly polarized light passes through this dermatological sample, the blood in the dermatological sample acts as an optical rotator due to the optical interaction with the blood sample. The presence of molecular chirality in the blood sample induces optical activity. After the skin is illuminated, a second polarizer finds the orientation of the polarization by maximizing the intensity on the photo detector. As a result, the blood sugar concentration may be determined.