Abstract: Mitochondrial DNA deletions useful for the detection of cancers and sun exposure are provided. In particular, methods and kits for detecting mitochondrial DNA deletions for the early detection, diagnosis and progression of prostate cancer, sun exposure and non-melonoma skin cancer are provided.

Abstract: A cluster analysis of mutations in the mitochondrial genomes from malignant, adjacent benign and distant benign tissues from a sample of men having prostate cancer has determined that mutations in ND1, ND2, COX1 and CytB are indicative of prostate cancer. 97% (30/31) of the samples contained synonymous and non-synonymous mutations in these genes. 65% (20/31) of the samples contained non-synonymous mutations in these genes.

Abstract: The examination of mutations in the mitochondrial genome is used as a diagnostic system for diseases such as prostate cancer, and non melanoma skin cancer. Characteristic mutations and rearrangements including, point mutations (transitions, transversions), deletions, inversions, duplications, recombinations, insertions or combinations thereof in the mitochondrial genome are used as early indicators of prostate cancer, and non melanoma skin cancer. Moreover, the 4977 bp, or “common deletion” as well as other associated mutations and/or deletions are used as a measure of aging.