Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a membrane electrode assembly comprising a support and a catalyst/ionomer layer, said catalyst/ionomer layer comprising a cross-linked ionomer. The present disclosure further relates to methods of manufacturing the membrane electrode assemblies, as well as electrochemical devices comprising the disclosed membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: A multiblock, cationic-functionalized norbornene copolymer is formed by a process including performing a vinyl addition polymerization in the presence of a metal catalyst of a first norbornene monomer substituted with a first alkyl group and a second norbornene monomer substituted with a second alkyl group by adding a predetermined amount of the first norbornene monomer and a predetermined amount of the second norbornene monomer sequentially to the reaction to form blocks of an intermediate norbornene multiblock copolymer. The second alkyl group includes a substituent which undergoes a reaction with a precursor for a cationic group having a volume less than 0.25 cm3/mol. The process further includes reacting the precursor for the cationic group with the intermediate norbornene multiblock copolymer to form the multiblock, cationic-functionalized norborene copolymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 2D multicolor rare earth chalcophosphate emitter and methods making and using same. The present invention relates to 2D multicolor rare earth chalcophosphate emitter and methods making and using same. Devices containing 2D multicolor rare earth chalcophosphates such as erbium containing crystals that have a high intensity, focused emission spectra that has minimal scattering and quenching of photoluminescence. In addition, an improved process for making rare earth chalcophosphates, such as erbium containing crystals, wherein dried metal halide powders are used is provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to cross-linked polyelectrolytes comprising polyelectrolyte, and composite materials comprising said cross-linked polyelectrolytes. The present disclosure further relates to membrane electrode assemblies comprising the cross-linked polyelectrolytes and composites of the disclosure, and electrochemical devices comprising the disclosed membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: A multiblock, cationic-functionalized norbornene copolymer is formed by a process including performing a vinyl addition polymerization in the presence of a metal catalyst of a first norbornene monomer substituted with a first alkyl group and a second norbornene monomer substituted with a second alkyl group by adding a predetermined amount of the first norbornene monomer and a predetermined amount of the second norbornene monomer sequentially to the reaction to form blocks of an intermediate norbornene multiblock copolymer. The second alkyl group includes a substituent which undergoes a reaction with a precursor for a cationic group having a volume less than 0.25 cm3/mol. The process further includes reacting the precursor for the cationic group with the intermediate norbornene multiblock copolymer to form the multiblock, cationic-functionalized norborene copolymer.

Abstract: A statistical, cationic-functionalized norbornene copolymer is formed by a process including performing a vinyl addition polymerization in the presence of a metal catalyst of a first norbornene monomer substituted with a first alkyl group and at least a second norbornene monomer substituted with a second alkyl group, to form an intermediate norbornene copolymer. The second alkyl group includes a substituent which undergoes a substitution reaction with a precursor of a cationic group. The process further includes adding the precursor for the cationic group to the intermediate norbornene copolymer to form the cationic functionalized norbornene copolymer. The cationic group has a volume of 0.25 cm3/mol or greater (for example, a phosphonium group or an imidazolium group).

Abstract: A statistical, cationic-functionalized norbornene copolymer is formed by a process including performing a vinyl addition polymerization in the presence of a metal catalyst of a first norbornene monomer substituted with a first alkyl group and at least a second norbornene monomer substituted with a second alkyl group, to form an intermediate norbornene copolymer. The second alkyl group includes a substituent which undergoes a substitution reaction with a precursor of a cationic group. The process further includes adding the precursor for the cationic group to the intermediate norbornene copolymer to form the cationic functionalized norbornene copolymer. The cationic group has a volume of 0.25 cm3/mol or greater (for example, a phosphonium group or an imidazolium group).