Abstract: An optical coupling device for routing optical signals for use in an optical communications module, in which defined on a base are a structured surface having a surface profile that reshapes and/or reflect an incident light, and an alignment structure defined on the base, configured with a surface feature to facilitate positioning an optical component on the base in optical alignment with the structured surface to allow light to be transmitted along a defined path between the structured surface and the optical component. The structured surface and the alignment structure are integrally defined on the base by stamping a malleable material of the base. The alignment structure facilitates passive alignment of the optical component on the base in optical alignment with the structured surface to allow light to be transmitted along a defined path between the structured surface and the optical component. The structured surface has a reflective surface profile, which reflects and/or reshape incident light.

Abstract: A vision-based passive alignment approach to optically couple input/output of optical fibers in optical alignment to optoelectronic components that are supported on a substrate. An optical bench supporting an optical fiber is physically and optically coupled to an optoelectronic device mounted on a submount via an optically transparent alignment block. The transparent alignment block having a first set of optical fiducials for aligning optical fiducials defined on the optical bench with the alignment block, and a second set of optical fiducials for aligning the alignment block with optical fiducials defined on the submount.

Abstract: A cable retention structure defining a castellated fiber cable clamping surface. The castellated surface has a series of alternating small and large cavities distributed along the axial direction. The small cavities are sized such that when the castellated surface is pressed against the buffer jacket exterior of the fiber cable, the small cavities will be able to clamp the fiber cable jacket within its full dimensional tolerance range. The large cavities are sized to provide sufficient clearance to accommodate the relatively soft material of the cable jacket which cannot be accommodated by the small cavities. The cable jacket is securely held by the retention structure to prevent slipping. Accordingly, fiber cables having buffer jackets with large dimensional variations can still be securely retained by the castellated retention structure in accordance with the present invention.

Abstract: A ferrule for an optical fiber connector having open fiber clamping grooves. The ferrule has a body having a plurality of open grooves for clamping the terminating end sections of optical fibers. At least a section of the longitudinal opening of the groove is provided with opposing lips to provide a clamping effect. The width of the longitudinal opening defined between the lips along at least a section of the grooves is narrower than the diameter of the optical fibers to create a tight fit. The grooves and the width of the longitudinal groove openings are shaped and sized to retain the fibers without any clearance to allow for movement of the fiber relative to the groove. Similar grooves may be provided in the ferrule body for alignment guide pins. The grooves are precision formed by high throughput processes, such as stamping and extrusion.

Abstract: A ferrule assembly for an optical fiber connector has a first ferrule component having a structured surface defining features for aligning a section of an optical fiber, and a second ferrule component that is coupled to the first ferrule component by a web, wherein the web is flexible to allow folding the web to fold the second ferrule component over the groove in the first ferrule component. The optical alignment features includes one or more open grooves for receiving a bare section of an optical fiber. The section of the optical fiber is retained in the groove between the two ferrule components.

Abstract: A hermetic optical fiber alignment assembly, including a first ferrule portion having a first surface provided with a plurality of grooves receiving the end sections of optical fibers, wherein the grooves define the location and orientation of the end sections with respect to the first ferrule portion, and a second ferrule portion having a second surface facing the first surface of the first ferrule, wherein the first ferrule portion is attached to the second ferrule portion with the first surface against the second surface, wherein a cavity is defined between the first ferrule portion and the second ferrule portion, wherein the cavity is wider than the grooves, and wherein a suspended section of each optical fiber is suspended in the cavity, and wherein the cavity is sealed with a sealant. The sealant extends around the suspended sections of the optical fibers within the cavity.

Abstract: Axial tension is applied to an optical fiber that had been scored at the intended cleave location, wherein the axial tension is applied in a time-varying manner to maintain the stress intensity factor for crack on the fiber within an acceptable level to produce a stable crack growth at a reasonable rate to cleave the fiber without requiring polishing of the end surface. Careful control of the applied tension force with time acts to control the velocity of the propagating crack by maintaining substantially constant stress intensity factor. The applied axial tension force is reduced with time and/or crack growth (as crack propagates). As a result, the strain energy in the fiber material is released by formation of a single plane with an optical quality surface without requiring polishing. A substantially flat optical surface of enhanced optical quality is formed at the cleaved end of the optical fiber.

Abstract: A portable, hand tool for scribing optical fibers in a cleaving process. The scribing tool comprises a body within which the optical fiber is supported for rotation with respect to the body, about an axis within the body. The optical fiber is constrained by supports from movements along its axis. An actuator moves a scribing bit orthogonal relative to the fiber axis. The actuator may be a piezoelectric actuator, such as in a tube that bends under applied voltage. In one embodiment the scribing tool has a single scribing bit. In another embodiment, the scribing tool has multiple (N) scribing bits that can be applied against the optical fiber simultaneously.

Abstract: A hermetic optical fiber alignment assembly includes a ferrule portion having a plurality of grooves receiving the end sections of optical fibers, wherein the grooves define the location and orientation of the end sections with respect to the ferrule portion. The assembly includes an integrated optical element for coupling the input/output of an optical fiber to the opto-electronic devices in the opto-electronic module. The optical element can be in the form of a structured reflective surface. The end of the optical fiber is at a defined distance to and aligned with the structured reflective surface. The structured reflective surfaces and the fiber alignment grooves can be formed by stamping.

Abstract: A compliant structure clamps the alignment pins to accurately and precisely locate the alignment pins. The compliant structure supports the alignment pins with no clearance. The compliant structure is defined by at least a flexure in the form of a cantilevered structure extending at a side of the ferrule. The cantilevered structure, with or without a complementary support structure, defines a space in which an alignment pin can be supported. The flexure may be defined by one or more slots provided on the body of the ferrule to facilitate bending of the extended cantilevered structure. In another embodiment, the ferrule comprises a ferrule insert having grooves for supporting optical fibers, and a ferrule frame that supports the ferrule insert and alignment pins. The compliant structure is provided on the frame. In a further embodiment, the ferrule insert is provided with optical fiber grooves at its perimeter.

Abstract: A ferrule for a high density optical fiber connector, supporting a first set of optical fibers of a first fiber cable and a second set of optical fibers of a second fiber cable. The ferrule supports the first and second sets of optical fibers in at least one plane. In one embodiment, the first set of optical fibers are supported in a first row of open grooves, and the second set of optical fibers are supported in a second row of open grooves. The optical fibers in the first row are staggered with respect to the optical fibers of the second row. The ferrule comprises two halves, each having an open structure that has a row of open grooves precisely formed thereon in a plane. In another embodiment, the ferrule supports the first and second sets of optical fibers in a single row, in an alternating interleaving manner.

Abstract: A ferrule for an optical fiber connector having open fiber clamping grooves. The ferrule has a body having a plurality of open grooves for clamping the terminating end sections of optical fibers. At least a section of the longitudinal opening of the groove is provided with opposing lips to provide a clamping effect. The width of the longitudinal opening defined between the lips along at least a section of the grooves is narrower than the diameter of the optical fibers to create a tight fit. The grooves and the width of the longitudinal groove openings are shaped and sized to retain the fibers without any clearance to allow for movement of the fiber relative to the groove. Similar grooves may be provided in the ferrule body for alignment guide pins. The grooves are precision formed by high throughput processes, such as stamping and extrusion.

Abstract: Axial tension is applied to an optical fiber that had been scored at the intended cleave location, wherein the axial tension is applied in a time-varying manner to maintain the stress intensity factor for crack on the fiber within an acceptable level to produce a stable crack growth at a reasonable rate to cleave the fiber without requiring polishing of the end surface. Careful control of the applied tension force with time acts to control the velocity of the propagating crack by maintaining substantially constant stress intensity factor. The applied axial tension force is reduced with time and/or crack growth (as crack propagates). As a result, the strain energy in the fiber material is released by formation of a single plane with an optical quality surface without requiring polishing. A substantially flat optical surface of enhanced optical quality is formed at the cleaved end of the optical fiber.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the self-administration of a plurality of doses of an intranasal liquid pharmaceutical composition, including opioid analgesics, that includes a drug delivery device containing a plurality of sealed vials, each vial containing a predetermined volume of the pharmaceutical composition, a pump assembly for conveying the liquid pharmaceutical composition from the interior of the vial and discharging it as a nasal spray in response to manual activation by the patient, and programmable means for sequentially advancing a vial to the ready position after passage of a prescribed time interval following the last activation of the delivery device.

Abstract: A linear actuator is provided, comprising a housing defining an interior channel, a stop extending from the housing and displaceable relative to the housing, and at least one wire formed of a shape-memory alloy, the wire being attached at a first end to the stop and at a second end to the housing. When heated to a predetermined temperature, the wire applies a pulling force to the stop to cause the stop to slide in a first direction into the housing interior channel. A spring located in the housing interior channel applies a biasing force to the stop in a second direction counter to the first direction when the wire cools, thereby returning the stop to the unactuated position. A wire heater is provided, which may be an electrical source for resistive heating of the wire. Multiple actuators of the present invention may be configured in parallel to increase the force generated by the wires.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the self-administration of a plurality of doses of an intranasal liquid pharmaceutical composition, including opioid analgesics, that includes a drug delivery device containing a plurality of sealed vials, each vial containing a predetermined volume of the pharmaceutical composition, a pump assembly for conveying the liquid pharmaceutical composition from the interior of the vial and discharging it as a nasal spray in response to manual activation by the patient, and programmable means for sequentially advancing a vial to the ready position after passage of a prescribed time interval following the last activation of the delivery device.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the self-administration of a plurality of doses of an intranasal liquid pharmaceutical composition, including opioid analgesics, that includes a drug delivery device containing a plurality of sealed vials, each vial containing a predetermined volume of the pharmaceutical composition, a pump assembly for conveying the liquid pharmaceutical composition from the interior of the vial and discharging it as a nasal spray in response to manual activation by the patient, and programmable means for sequentially advancing a vial to the ready position after passage of a prescribed time interval following the last activation of the delivery device.

Abstract: Instruments and methods for measuring a property of a shape memory alloy are provided. The instrument includes a base plate, a non-contact movable mass, a force gauge, an actuator, a biasing spring, a heater for heating the shape memory alloy, and a non-contact displacement detector. The biasing spring and the shape memory alloy are disposed whereby a force applied thereby is applied substantially through a center of stiffness of the movable mass. The displacement detector measures a displacement of the movable mass in a colinear direction with a direction of movement of the movable mass and with a direction of the force applied by the biasing spring and the shape memory alloy. The linear motion stage comprises a housing and at least one guide bar, and wherein a calculated axial expansion of the guide bar is substantially equal to a calculated axial expansion of the base plate.

Abstract: Novel methods and devices for nanomachining a desired pattern on a surface of a conductive workpiece are disclosed. In one aspect, the method comprises using an electron beam emitted from one or more nanotubes to evaporate nanoscale quantities of material from the workpiece surface. The surface of the workpiece to be machined may be excited to a threshold energy to reduce the amount of power required to be emitted by the nanotube. In another aspect, a device is described for nanomachining a desired pattern on a surface of a conductive workpiece, comprising a vessel capable of sustaining a vacuum, a leveling support, a nanopositioning stage, and a laser for heating the workpiece. A nanotool is provided comprising at least one nanotube supported on an electrically conductive base, adapted to emit an electron beam for evaporating material from an electrically conductive workpiece.

Abstract: Novel methods and devices for nanomachining a desired pattern on a surface of a conductive workpiece are disclosed. In one aspect, the method comprises using an electron beam emitted from one or more nanotubes to evaporate nanoscale quantities of material from the workpiece surface. The surface of the workpiece to be machined may be excited to a threshold energy to reduce the amount of power required to be emitted by the nanotube. In another aspect, a device is described for nanomachining a desired pattern on a surface of a conductive workpiece, comprising a vessel capable of sustaining a vacuum, a leveling support, a nanopositioning stage, and a laser for heating the workpiece. A nanotool is provided comprising at least one nanotube supported on an electrically conductive base, adapted to emit an electron beam for evaporating material from an electrically conductive workpiece.