Abstract: A method of controlling size of a receive window includes transmitting packets over a communication channel from a transmitting device to a receiver, and receiving acknowledgment packets from the receiver, the received acknowledgement packets from the receiver including an advertised receive window size. The method further includes determining a backlog parameter for the receiver in accordance with the advertised receive window size, determining a queuing delay in accordance the received acknowledgment packets, resetting a size of a congestion window in accordance with a function of a current size of the congestion window and a factor proportional to the queuing delay, and resetting a size of a receive window in accordance with a function of a current size of the receive window and the backlog parameter. A network window is reset in accordance with the smaller of the size of the congestion window and the size of the receive window.

Abstract: A method of monitoring forces in a planter includes measuring compressive force between contacting surfaces of the depth regulation member. The measuring may be performed with a sensor such as a piezoresistive sensor. An apparatus for monitoring force on a planter includes a sensor for measuring compressive force between contacting surfaces of a depth regulation member of the planter.

Abstract: A multi-well manifold assembly and method for reducing cross-contamination in continuous synthesis reactions in channels of microfluidic devices, for example oligonucleotide synthesis.

Abstract: A method of controlling size of a receive window includes transmitting packets over a communication channel from a transmitting device to a receiver, and receiving acknowledgment packets from the receiver, the received acknowledgement packets from the receiver including an advertised receive window size. The method further includes determining a backlog parameter for the receiver in accordance with the advertised receive window size, determining a queuing delay in accordance the received acknowledgment packets, resetting a size of a congestion window in accordance with a function of a current size of the congestion window and a factor proportional to the queuing delay, and resetting a size of a receive window in accordance with a function of a current size of the receive window and the backlog parameter. A network window is reset in accordance with the smaller of the size of the congestion window and the size of the receive window.

Abstract: A method of controlling size of a receive window includes, at a transmitting device, transmitting packets over a communication channel from the transmitting device to a receiver, receiving acknowledgment packets from the receiver corresponding to the transmitted packets, determining a backlog parameter for the receiver in accordance with a parameter value in the received acknowledgment packets, resetting the size of the receive window in accordance with a function of a current size of the receive window and the backlog parameter, and after the resetting, transmitting packets over the communication channel from the transmitting devices to the receiver in accordance with the reset size of the receive window.

Abstract: Control apparatus for a pneumatic seed meter having a seed disc that uses a pneumatic pressure differential to hold and release seed on a rotating disc. The control apparatus is controlled to disrupt the pressure differential in an area of the rotating disc to selectively disrupt planting of seed by the seed meter to, for example, reduce overlap planting.

Abstract: Control apparatus for a pneumatic seed meter having a seed disc that uses a pneumatic pressure differential to hold and release seed on a rotating disc. The control apparatus is controlled to disrupt the pressure differential in an area of the rotating disc to selectively disrupt planting of seed by the seed meter to, for example, reduce overlap planting.

Abstract: A method of routing communications over a network includes routing the communications to an intermediate destination, for example, a “universal proxy,” using a first transport control protocol (TCP), and then routing the communications from the intermediate destination to a recipient using a second TCP. The intermediate destination optionally masks the source when transmitting information to the recipient, and performs packet loss recovery. Optionally, the second TCP includes TCP acceleration not utilized by the first TCP.

Abstract: A method of controlling size of a receive window includes, at a transmitting device, transmitting packets over a communication channel from the transmitting device to a receiver, receiving acknowledgment packets from the receiver corresponding to the transmitted packets, determining a backlog parameter for the receiver in accordance with a parameter value in the received acknowledgment packets, resetting the size of the receive window in accordance with a function of a current size of the receive window and the backlog parameter, and after the resetting, transmitting packets over the communication channel from the transmitting devices to the receiver in accordance with the reset size of the receive window.

Abstract: Control apparatus for a pneumatic seed meter having a seed disc that uses a pneumatic pressure differential to hold and release seed on a rotating disc. The control apparatus is controlled to disrupt the pressure differential in an area of the rotating disc to selectively disrupt planting of seed by the seed meter to, for example, reduce overlap planting.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a method of routing communications over a network through an intermediate destination, and it also provides a “universal proxy” that may be used for this purpose. A host wishing to deliver information to a client sends packets as part of a first exchange or “session” to the intermediate destination, which performs error detection and recovery for received packets. The intermediate destination then (if desired) masks the source and transmits the information to the client in a second session, with the intermediate destination controlling transmission (e.g., specifying transmission protocol) and performing loss recovery as appropriate. This methodology enables a number of applications, including masquerading of source identity through the intermediate destination, and TCP acceleration (e.g., by subscribing to a service where the intermediate destination is used to accelerate communications or offer special types of processing or services).