Abstract: A communication system include: a first communication device configured to: add order information to each of the plurality of data sets; and sequentially transmit the plurality of data sets to which the order information is added; and a second communication device configured to: receive the plurality of data sets from the first communication device; arrange the plurality of received data sets in a standby buffer as ordered data sets based on the order information; and sequentially read the ordered data sets.

Abstract: Provided are a fat lump composition, including a granular material containing an oil and/or fat; and an edible ionically crosslinkable polymer that is crosslinked with a cation, in which b/a is 2.00 or more, in which in at least one of cross sections of the fat lump composition perpendicular to a longitudinal direction, b is a length of a line having a maximum length between two points, and a is a length of a line having a maximum length among lines perpendicular to the line having the maximum length between the two points, a fat lump mixture, a meat alternative, and a method of producing a fat lump composition.

Abstract: A vehicle is a series hybrid vehicle that drives drive wheels using a travel motor by utilizing power of a power generation motor, which generates power by being driven by motive power of an internal combustion engine provided with a turbo charger. A method for controlling the vehicle includes executing a fuel cut of the internal combustion engine when excess power is greater than at least power that can be inputted in the system and the internal combustion engine is being supercharged.

Abstract: A printing apparatus includes a printing unit configured to print an image on a sheet; a first exit path from which the sheet with the image printed thereon by the printing unit is discharged while being reversed; a second exit path from which the sheet with the image printed thereon by the printing unit is discharged without being reversed; and a switch member configured to be pivotably arranged so as to switch between the first exit path and the second exit path. The first exit path passes above a pivot center of the switch member, and the second exit path passes below the pivot center.

Abstract: A fixing belt having an endless shape includes a base layer having an endless shape, an elastic layer on an outer peripheral surface of the base layer, and a surface layer on an outer peripheral surface of the elastic layer, the elastic layer containing a rubber and fillers dispersed in the rubber, the fillers containing heat conductive fillers, an entire thickness of the elastic layer is from 100 ?m to 3,000 ?m, a content ratio of the fillers with respect to the entirety of the elastic layer being 35% by volume or more, a content ratio of the fillers in a region A being less than 35% by volume with respect to the region A, and the entirety of the elastic layer having a thermal conductivity of 0.4 W/(m·K) or more in a thickness direction thereof.

Abstract: An imaging element includes a reading circuit that reads out pixel data obtained by imaging a subject at a first frame rate, a memory that stores the read pixel data, and an output circuit that outputs image data based on the stored pixel data at a second frame rate. The first frame rate is a frame rate higher than the second frame rate. The pixel data includes phase difference pixel data and non-phase difference pixel data different from the phase difference pixel data. The reading circuit reads out the pixel data of each of a plurality of frames in parallel within an output period defined by the second frame rate as a period in which the image data of one frame is output, and performs reading of the non-phase difference pixel data and a plurality of reading of the phase difference pixel data within the output period.

Abstract: A malfunction detection method detects a malfunction in an electronic control device. The electronic control device includes a normal power supply terminal connected to a normal power supply mounted on a vehicle, a starting power supply terminal connected to a starting power supply, a controller activated by supply of a normal voltage, and a wake-up circuit having a wake-up switch to open and close a power supply path from the normal power supply terminal to the controller. The wake-up circuit turns on the wake-up switch when a starting voltage input to the starting power supply terminal is equal to or greater than an ON threshold. The malfunction detection method includes determining by the controller that the wake-up switch has an ON sticking malfunction when the normal voltage is equal to or greater than a threshold and the starting voltage is less than the ON threshold.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus includes a storage portion that stores captured image data obtained by imaging a subject by an imaging element and is incorporated in the imaging element, an output portion that is incorporated in the imaging element, and a plurality of signal processing portions that are disposed outside the imaging element, in which the output portion includes a plurality of output lines each disposed in correspondence with each of the plurality of signal processing portions and outputs each of a plurality of pieces of image data into which the captured image data stored in the storage portion is divided, to a corresponding signal processing portion among the plurality of signal processing portions from the plurality of output lines, and any of the plurality of signal processing portions combines the plurality of pieces of image data.

Abstract: A printing apparatus includes a printing unit; a first conveyance unit configured to convey a sheet to the printing unit while nipping the sheet; a second conveyance unit provided on a downstream side of the first conveyance unit in a conveyance direction of the sheet, and configured to convey the sheet while nipping the sheet; a third conveyance unit provided on a downstream side of the second conveyance unit in the conveyance direction, and configured to convey the sheet while nipping the sheet; and a switching unit configured to switch between a nip state of the second conveyance unit and a released state in which the nip state is released. When the sheet is conveyed by the third conveyance unit, the switching unit switches between the nip state and the released state in accordance with a length of the sheet.

Abstract: Provided is a thermostatic type crystal oscillator with short operation stabilization time and low power consumption. A thermostatic type crystal oscillator according to the present invention includes a crystal resonator including an IT-cut crystal blank, a vibration control circuit configured to control a vibration frequency of the crystal resonator, a temperature regulator configured to regulate a temperature of the crystal resonator within a set temperature range by repeating heating and cooling to the crystal resonator, a heat conducting plate configured to function as a heat absorbing plate and a heat dissipating plate for the temperature regulator, a temperature control circuit configured to control a temperature of the temperature regulator, and a housing that accommodates the crystal resonator. The housing defines a resonator accommodating space in which the crystal resonator is accommodated inside the housing.

Abstract: A roll sheet with a continuous sheet wound in a roll form is rotated in a forward direction to supply the sheet to a printing unit. A sensor whose output is changed in accordance with a distance between the sensor and the sheet is used. A rotation direction of the roll sheet is switched from an opposite direction to the forward direction on the basis of the output of the sensor during rotation of the roll sheet in the opposite direction.

Abstract: A device includes a receiving unit, a filtering unit, an abnormality detecting unit, and an output unit. The receiving unit receives an I/O output request that includes an operational output for an I/O output device to operate a plant, and that is transmitted from plural control units through a network. The filtering unit performs filtering in which an I/O output request from a proper control unit out of the received I/O output requests is selected and output. The abnormality detecting unit detects an abnormality of the I/O output request. The output unit transmits, when the abnormality is detected, an alternate I/O output request, which is a request including an alternate operational output, to an I/O output device corresponding to the I/O output request, and that outputs, when the abnormality is not detected, the I/O output request output from the filtering unit to an I/O output device corresponding to the I/O output request.

Abstract: There is provided a ferritic stainless steel sheet including a magnetized area fraction of 50% or more.

Abstract: A roll sheet with a continuous sheet wound in a roll form is rotated in a forward direction to supply the sheet to a printing unit. A sensor whose output is changed in accordance with a distance between the sensor and the sheet is used. A rotation direction of the roll sheet is switched from an opposite direction to the forward direction on the basis of the output of the sensor during rotation of the roll sheet in the opposite direction.

Abstract: A roll sheet, in which a continuous sheet is wound in a roll form, is caused to rotate in a forward direction to supply the sheet to a printing unit. First and second sensors are arranged at positions facing an outer circumferential surface of the roll sheet and deviated in an axis line direction of the roll sheet. Outputs of the first and second sensors are changed in accordance with a distance to a sheet of the roll sheet. A rotation direction of the roll sheet is switched from a forward direction to a reverse direction on the basis of the outputs of the first and second sensors while the roll sheet is being rotated in the reverse direction.

Abstract: A first aspect of the present invention provides a manipulating method of an organism including forming an air bubble in liquid where the organism is immersed, attaching the organism to the air bubble, and controlling an airflow by generating the airflow in the air bubble and manipulating a position of the organism with the airflow.

Abstract: According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method of applying a force to an organism is provided which includes: forming a gas-liquid interface between a liquid, in which an organism is immersed, and a gas in a flow channel or at an end portion of the flow channel after arranging the end portion in the liquid; controlling a vector of a force applied from the gas-liquid interface to the organism; and applying a force to the organism from the gas-liquid interface.

Abstract: A printing apparatus comprises a sheet eject tray; a movable guide arranged on an upstream side of the sheet eject tray with respect to a direction of conveyance of a sheet and being configured to be able to move to a protruding position and a retracted position; and a driving mechanism configured to cause the movable guide to move to the protruding position when a leading edge of a sheet is conveyed along the movable guide and cause the movable guide to move to the retracted position when a trailing edge of a sheet is conveyed along the movable guide, wherein the protruding position includes a first position at which the movable guide presses a sheet to the sheet eject tray and a second position between the first position and the retracted position.

Abstract: In a first aspect of the present invention, a manipulation method of an organism is provided, comprising: forming an air bubble by introducing gas into liquid in which an organism is submerged; controlling of energy before, during or after the forming of the air bubble, including controlling of difference (E1 - E2) obtained by subtracting, from surface free energy E1 at an interface between the gas and the organism, surface free energy E2 at an interface between the gas and the liquid; and manipulating the organism using the air bubble, by bringing the air bubble into contact with the organism during or after the controlling of energy.

Abstract: A sheet feeding apparatus includes a supporting unit that rotatably supports a roll sheet formed by winding a continuous sheet into a roll shape, a conveying path forming member that is placed in a position spaced apart from the roll sheet supported by the supporting unit, and forms a conveying path of the sheet, and a displacing unit that includes a guide portion capable of being displaced between a guide position and a retracting position set farther from a start position than the guide position. The guide portion is displaced from the retracting position to the guide position when a leading edge of the sheet separated from the roll sheet supported by the supporting unit is positioned between the guide portion in the retracting position and the start position.