Abstract: An apparatus comprises a circuitry, a temporary memory and a permanent memory storing necessary information for executing each of a plurality types of processing. The apparatus receives a switching instruction and switches processing executed by the circuitry by varying the necessary information in response to reception of the instruction. The information is read out and loaded into a first region of the temporary memory. If the circuitry is executing at least one of the plurality types of processing when the instruction is made, the apparatus switches the circuitry to a state of being capable of executing the processing by reading out the information of the processing, loading the information into a second region of the temporary memory, and moving or copying the information related to the processing from the second region to the first region in response to the executing processing ending.

Abstract: A rotation angle detecting method includes measuring a current flowing through a motor, and obtaining a rotation angle of the motor based on a value of the measured current. The obtaining of the rotation angle of the motor includes obtaining the rotation angle in an inertial rotation of the motor based on a rotational angular velocity of the motor immediately before a first time point, a time period from the first time point to a second time point, and a time period from the second time point to a third time point. The first time point is a time point at which driving of the motor is stopped, the second time point is a time point at which a polarity of the value of the measured current is inverted, and the third time point is a time point at which the value of the measured current becomes zero.

Abstract: An aqueous urethane resin composition includes a urethane resin and an aqueous medium, wherein the urethane resin is a reaction product of a polyol comprising an anionic group-containing polyol and an aromatic polyisocyanate, and has an anionic group concentration of 0.35 mmol/g or less. A synthetic leather is also provided. The synthetic leather includes a laminate including at least a base fabric, a bonding layer, and a skin layer, wherein the bonding layer is made from the aqueous urethane resin composition. A task to be achieved is to provide an aqueous urethane resin composition exhibiting excellent peel strength, hydrolytic resistance, and light resistance.

Abstract: A rotation angle detection device includes a current meter that measures a current flowing in a direct current motor; a filter that extracts a ripple component from the current; a ripple detector that detects a ripple from a signal that has passed through the filter; and a rotation angle detector that detects a rotation angle of the direct current motor based on the number of ripples. The rotation angle detector measures an observation period based on consecutive ripples, calculates an estimation period between the consecutive ripples based on the observation period, determines whether the observation period is within a normal range based on the estimation period and the observation period, and in response to determining that the observation period is within the normal range and an immediately-previous observation period is outside the normal range, calculates a number of correction ripples CRN so as to correct the number of the ripples.

Abstract: The present invention provides a urethane resin composition including an anionic urethane resin (X) and water (Y), in which the anionic urethane resin (X) is produced using, as raw materials, a polycarbonate polyol (A-1) produced using biomass-derived decanediol as a raw material, and a polycarbonate polyol (A-2) produced using a biomass-derived dihydroxy compound having a cyclic ether structure as a raw material. The polycarbonate polyol (A-1) is preferably produced further using butanediol as a raw material. In the polycarbonate polyol (A-1), the molar ratio [(C4)/(C10)] of the butanediol (C4) to the biomass-derived decanediol (C10) is preferably within a range of 50/50 to 98/2.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus is capable to set a specific parameter related to exposure, and performs control so that display is performed in a first display mode that displays a live-view image with brightness based on the specific parameter. The electronic apparatus accepts an instruction for moving an execution position of a specific function related to shooting and, in a case where the instruction is received while display is performed in the first display mode, performs control to display a live-view image in a second display mode that displays the live-view image with brightness that is not relevant to the specific parameter.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor element, a conductive member, a resin, and a cooling unit. The conductive member is joined to the semiconductor element. The resin seals a part of the semiconductor element and the conductive member. The cooling unit cools the conductive member inside the resin.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus comprises a mounting unit to which a device is detachable, and which is configured to enable communication with the mounted device in accordance with a predetermined standard; a transmission unit configured to transmit a processing instruction to the device mounted via the mounting unit; and a control unit configured to control transmission of the processing instruction by the transmission unit. If transmitting a first processing instruction to a first processing unit of the device and transmitting a second processing instruction to a second processing unit of the device, the control unit at least controls to transmit the first processing instruction during execution of processing by the second processing unit or controls to transmit the second processing instruction during execution of processing by the first processing unit.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a circuitry, a temporary memory and a permanent memory storing necessary information for executing each of a plurality types of processing. The apparatus receives a switching instruction and switches processing executed by the circuitry by varying the necessary information in response to reception of the instruction. The information is read out and loaded into a first region of the temporary memory. If the circuitry is executing at least one of the plurality types of processing when the instruction is made, the apparatus switches the circuitry to a state of being capable of executing the processing by reading out the information of the processing, loading the information into a second region of the temporary memory, and moving or copying the information related to the processing from the second region to the first region in response to the executing processing ending.

Abstract: An image capturing apparatus that allows a photographer to easily recognize whether or not a blurring generated in an image at the time of image capturing is due to a spherical aberration variable mechanism is provided. The image capturing apparatus, to/from which a lens barrel can be attached/detached, comprising a mounting unit configured to mount the lens barrel, a processor; and a memory storing a program which, when executed by the processor, causes the image capturing apparatus to obtain an adjustment amount of spherical aberration from the lens barrel mounted on the mounting unit, and control a display device to display information about the adjustment amount together with an image obtained through the lens barrel.

Abstract: A task to be achieved by the present invention is to provide a urethane water dispersion which is unlikely to soak the substrate well, and which has excellent peel strength and excellent prompt releasability. The present invention provides a urethane resin water dispersion containing a urethane resin (A), water (B), and a crosslinking agent (C), wherein the urethane resin (A) has a viscosity at 50° C. in the range of from 15,000 to 34,000 Pa·s, a viscosity at 100° C. in the range of from 1,000 to 10,000 Pa·s, and a viscosity at 150° C. in the range of from 100 to 1,300 Pa·s. Further, the present invention provides a synthetic leather having a bonding layer formed from the urethane resin water dispersion. Further, the present invention provides a method for producing the synthetic leather.

Abstract: A water-containing urethane resin composition that is produced using a biomass raw material and excellent in oleic acid resistance, texture, and liquid mixture stability. A urethane resin composition including: a urethane resin (A) having an anionic group and a nonionic group and produced using as a raw material a polycarbonate polyol (a1) produced using biomass-derived decanediol as a raw material; a nonionic emulsifier (B); and water (C). A leather sheet in which a coagulated product of the urethane resin composition is present in a fibrous substrate. Both the urethane resin (A) and the nonionic emulsifier (B) preferably have an oxyethylene group and an oxypropylene group.

Abstract: A urethane resin composition including water, the urethane resin composition being produced using a biomass raw material and having high oleic-acid resistance, excellent low-temperature flexibility, and high peel strength. A urethane resin composition including an anionic urethane resin (X) and water (Y), in which the anionic urethane resin (X) is produced using a polyol (a) including a biomass-derived polycarbonate polyol (a1), a polyisocyanate (b), and an alkanolamine (c), as essential raw materials. Furthermore, An adhesive including the urethane resin composition and a synthetic leather having an adhesive layer formed from the adhesive.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes a detection unit that executes detection processing for detecting a particular object in an image, a holding unit that holds object information indicating a position and a size of the particular object on the image, a determination unit that determines whether a number of times a particular object is detected in the detection processing on one or more images reaches a predetermined value, a first setting unit that, when the number of times a particular object is detected in the detection processing on the one or more images is determined to reach the value, sets estimation areas on an image based on the object information obtained by the detection processing on the one or more images, and an estimation unit that executes estimation processing for estimating a number of the particular objects in the estimation areas.

Abstract: The present invention is a synthetic leather including a base fabric (i), an intermediate layer (ii), and a skin layer (iii), in which the intermediate layer (ii) is formed of an aqueous urethane resin composition (C) containing a urethane resin (A) and an aqueous medium (B), the urethane resin (A) is a reaction product of a polyol (a1) containing a polyol (a1-1) having an anionic group and an aromatic polyisocyanate (a2), and has an anionic group in a concentration of 0.35 mmol/g or less, the skin layer (iii) is formed of an aqueous urethane resin composition (Z) containing a urethane resin (X) and an aqueous medium (Y), and the urethane resin (X) is a reaction product obtained by using a polyol (b1), a reactive silicone (b2) having a functional group which reacts with an isocyanate group, and a polyisocyanate (b3) as essential raw materials.

Abstract: An image capturing apparatus that includes a mounting part capable of attaching/detaching a device capable of holding at least an image captured by the image capturing apparatus and capable of communicating with the mounted device in accordance with a predetermined standard is provided. The apparatus outputs to a device, if the device having a function of executing image analysis processing for image data captured by the image capturing apparatus is mounted in the mounting part, a command complying with the predetermined standard and configured to cause the device to execute the image analysis processing. The apparatus outputs at least two commands associated with each other and configured to cause the device to execute the image analysis processing, wherein each of the at least two commands includes data representing that the at least two commands are associated with each other.

Abstract: The present invention provides a synthetic leather including at least a base (i), an adhesive layer (ii), and a skin layer (iii). The adhesive layer (ii) is formed of a urethane resin composition including a urethane resin (A) produced using an aromatic polyisocyanate (a1) as a raw material and water (B). The skin layer (iii) is formed of a urethane resin composition including an anionic urethane resin (X) having an anionic group concentration of 0.25 mmol/g or less, water (Y), and an anionic surfactant (Z). The aromatic polyisocyanate (a1) preferably includes toluene diisocyanate. The urethane resin (A) has an aromatic ring concentration of 0.1 to 2.5 mol/kg.

Abstract: The present invention provides a synthetic leather including at least a base material (i), an adhesive layer (ii), and a skin layer (iii), wherein the adhesive layer (ii) is formed of an anionic urethane resin composition containing an anionic urethane resin (S) having an anionic group concentration of 0.25 mmol/g or less, water (T), and an anionic surfactant (U), and the skin layer (iii) is formed of a urethane resin composition containing a urethane resin (A), for which a raw material is reactive silicone (a1) having a functional group that reacts with an isocyanate group, and containing water (B). Preferably, the urethane resin (A) is an anionic urethane resin having an acid value of 20 mgKOH/g or less.

Abstract: The present invention provides a synthetic leather including at least a base material (i), an adhesive layer (ii), and a skin layer (iii), wherein both the adhesive layer (ii) and the skin layer (iii) are formed of a urethane resin composition containing an anionic urethane resin having an anionic group concentration of 0.25 mmol/g or less, water, and an anionic surfactant. Preferably, the anionic surfactant is an alkylsulfosuccinate. The anionic group concentration of the anionic urethane resin is preferably within the range of 0.005 to 0.25 mmol/g and more preferably within the range of 0.01 to 0.2 mmol/g.

Abstract: The present invention provides a synthetic leather including at least a base (i), an adhesive layer (ii), and a skin layer (iii). The adhesive layer (ii) is formed of a urethane resin composition including a urethane resin (A) produced using an aromatic polyisocyanate (a1) as a raw material and water (B). The skin layer (iii) is formed of a urethane resin composition including an anionic urethane resin (X) having an anionic group concentration of 0.15 mmol/g or less and water (Y). The aromatic polyisocyanate (a1) preferably includes toluene diisocyanate. The urethane resin (A) has an aromatic ring concentration of 0.1 to 2.5 mol/kg.