Abstract: A communication system include: a first communication device configured to: add order information to each of the plurality of data sets; and sequentially transmit the plurality of data sets to which the order information is added; and a second communication device configured to: receive the plurality of data sets from the first communication device; arrange the plurality of received data sets in a standby buffer as ordered data sets based on the order information; and sequentially read the ordered data sets.

Abstract: A method for producing a purified formylcyclopropane compound represented by the formula (1) comprising (A) a step of reacting a crude formylcyclopropane compound represented by the formula (1): wherein R1 represents an alkyl group or the like, with an alkali metal hydrogen sulfite to obtain an alkali metal hydroxymethanesulfonate represented by the formula (2): wherein R1 represents the same meaning as defined above and M represents an alkali metal, and (B) a step of reacting an acid, a base or a water-soluble aldehyde with the alkali metal hydroxymethanesulfonate represented by the formula (2) obtained in the above-mentioned step (A) to obtain a purified formylcyclopropane compound represented by the formula (1).

Abstract: A process for production of a trans-2,2-dimethyl-3-formylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid ester comprising: (A) a step of obtaining a mixture containing a trans-2,2-dimethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid ester, (B) a step of conducting an oxidation treatment of the mixture obtained in the step (A) to obtain a mixture containing a crude trans-2,2-dimethyl-3-formylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid ester, (C) a step of contacting the mixture obtained in the step (B) with an aqueous alkali metal hydrogen sulfite solution to obtain an alkali metal salt of a trans-2,2-dimethyl-3-[(hydroxy)(sulfo)methyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid ester, and (D) a step of contacting the alkali metal salt obtained in the above-mentioned step (C) with a base or the like to obtain a trans-2,2-dimethyl-3-formylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid ester.

Abstract: A method for producing a purified formylcyclopropane compound represented by the formula (1) comprising (A) a step of reacting a crude formylcyclopropane compound represented by the formula (1): wherein R1 represents an alkyl group or the like, with an alkali metal hydrogen sulfite to obtain an alkali metal hydroxymethanesulfonate represented by the formula (2): wherein R1 represents the same meaning as defined above and M represents an alkali metal, and (B) a step of reacting an acid, a base or a water-soluble aldehyde with the alkali metal hydroxymethanesulfonate represented by the formula (2) obtained in the above-mentioned step (A) to obtain a purified formylcyclopropane compound represented by the formula (1).

Abstract: A process for producing an optically active cyclopropane compound represented by the formula (4): wherein R3, R4, R5 and R6 are the same or different, and represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, and so on; and R7 represents a C1-6 alkyl group; and * represents an asymmetric carbon atom, which comprises reacting a prochiral olefin represented by the formula (2): wherein R3, R4, R5, and R6 are as described above, with a diazoacetic acid ester represented by the formula (3): N2CHCO2R7??(3) wherein R7 is as defined above, in the presence of an asymmetric copper complex prepared from an optically active cycloalkylidenebisoxazoline compound represented by the formula (1): wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, and so on; R2 represents a C1-6 alkyl group and so on; and n represents an integer of 0 to 3; provided that, two R1s may be bonded each other together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded to form a ring; and * rep

Abstract: A method for producing an optically active cyclopropanecarboxylate compound represented by the formula (5): wherein R6, R7, R8 and R9 represent a C1-C6 alkyl group or the like and R10 represents a C1-C6 alkyl group, which comprises reacting an olefin represented by the formula (3): wherein R6, R7, R8 and R9 are as described above, with a diazoacetic acid ester represented by the formula (4): N2CHCO2R10??(4) wherein R10 is as described above, in the presence of an asymmetric copper complex obtained by mixing (A) at least one monovalent or divalent copper compound, (B) at least one optically active bisoxazoline compound represented by the formula (1): ?wherein R1 and R2 represent a C1-C6 alkyl group or the like; R3 represents a tert-butyl group or the like; and R4 and R5 are the same and represent C1-C3 alkyl groups or the like, and (C) at least one fluorine compound represented by the formula (2): A-MF6??(2) ?wherein A represents a trityl group or the like, and M represents a phosp

Abstract: A process for production of a trans-2,2-dimethyl-3-formylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid ester comprising: (A) a step of obtaining a mixture containing a trans-2,2-dimethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid ester, (B) a step of conducting an oxidation treatment of the mixture obtained in the step (A) to obtain a mixture containing a crude trans-2,2-dimethyl-3-formylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid ester, (C) a step of contacting the mixture obtained in the step (B) with an aqueous alkali metal hydrogen sulfite solution to obtain an alkali metal salt of a trans-2,2-dimethyl-3-[(hydroxy)(sulfo)methyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid ester, and (D) a step of contacting the alkali metal salt obtained in the above-mentioned step (C) with a base or the like to obtain a trans-2,2-dimethyl-3-formylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid ester.

Abstract: A method for producing an optically active cyclopropanecarboxylate compound represented by the formula (5): wherein R6, R7, R8 and R9 represent a C1-C6 alkyl group or the like and R10 represents a C1-C6 alkyl group, which comprises reacting an olefin represented by the formula (3): wherein R6, R7, R8 and R9 are as described above, with a diazoacetic acid ester represented by the formula (4): N2CHCO2R10??(4) wherein R10 is as described above, in the presence of an asymmetric copper complex obtained by mixing (A) at least one monovalent or divalent copper compound, (B) at least one optically active bisoxazoline compound represented by the formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 represent a C1-C6 alkyl group or the like; R3 represents a tert-butyl group or the like; and R4 and R5 are the same and represent C1-C3 alkyl groups or the like, and (C) at least one fluorine compound represented by the formula (2): A-MF6??(2) wherein A represents a trityl group or the like, and M represents a phosphorous atom

Abstract: A process for producing an optically active cyclopropane compound represented by the formula (4): wherein R3, R4, R5 and R6 are the same or different, and represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, and so on; and R7 represents a C1-6 alkyl group; and * represents an asymmetric carbon atom, which comprises reacting a prochiral olefin represented by the formula (2): wherein R3, R4, R5, and R6 are as described above, with a diazoacetic acid ester represented by the formula (3): N2CHCO2R7??(3) wherein R7 is as defined above, in the presence of an asymmetric copper complex prepared from an optically active cycloalkylidenebisoxazoline compound represented by the formula (1): wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, and so on; R2 represents a C1-6 alkyl group and so on; and n represents an integer of 0 to 3; provided that, two R1s may be bonded each other together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded to form a ring; and * represe

Abstract: There is provided a production method of a compound of formula (2): wherein R1, R2 and R3 are as defined below, which comprises reacting a 2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic compound of formula (1): wherein and R1 represent a hydrogen, a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, R2 and R3 are the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R4 represents C1-2 alkyl group substituted with at lest one group selected from the group consisting of a substituted aryl group and an unsubstituted aryl group, with a hydrogen-donor in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of ruthenium catalyst, cobalt catalyst, rhodium catalyst, nickel catalyst, palladium catalyst and a platinum catalyst.

Abstract: There is provided a production method of formylcyclopropanecarboxylate compound of formula (2): wherein R1 and R2 are as defined below, which comprises reacting a cyclopropanecarboxylate compound of formula (1): wherein and R1 represent a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, with at least one oxidizer selected from the group consisting of hypohalite, N-halosuccinimide, a trichloroisocyanuric acid, and iodine, in the presence of a nitroxy radical compound.