Abstract: Provided is a switching valve for use in an analyzer module for switching flow passages of fluids, in which the manufacturing cost is reduced and the life is increased. The valve element is provided with a lower contact portion that comes into close contact with a lower valve seat disposed at a valve body when a valve is closed, and with an upper contact portion that comes into close contact with an upper valve seat disposed at a counter plate when the valve is open. The counter plate has a first recess that is open downward and a second recess that is open toward the first recess and has a smaller horizontal cross-sectional area than that of the first recess, and the upper valve seat is press-fitted into the second recess.

Abstract: Provided is a switching valve for use in an analyzer module for switching flow passages of fluids, in which the manufacturing cost is reduced and the life is increased. The valve element is provided with a lower contact portion that comes into close contact with a lower valve seat disposed at a valve body when a valve is closed, and with an upper contact portion that comes into close contact with an upper valve seat disposed at a counter plate when the valve is open. The counter plate has a first recess that is open downward and a second recess that is open toward the first recess and has a smaller horizontal cross-sectional area than that of the first recess, and the upper valve seat is press-fitted into the second recess.

Abstract: A condenser microphone utilizable at high temperature and intense radioactive rays. The microphone has a tension ring and a backplate, both of which are made of a metal having a small coefficient of linear expansion relative to the other parts of the microphone. The tension ring is fitted to a tension ring holder, and the backplate is mounted on the tension ring holder through an insulating material so that the tension ring and the backplate are held together to form a unitary structure.