Abstract: Provided is a turbine including: a housing including: an accommodating space that accommodates a turbine impeller; a turbine scroll flow passage arranged on a radially outer side with respect to the turbine impeller; a communicating flow passage that allows communication between the turbine scroll flow passage and the accommodating space; and a discharge flow passage continuous with the accommodating space in a rotation axis direction of the turbine impeller; a vane member that includes a plurality of vane portions opposed to a first inner wall portion facing the communicating flow passage from a side opposite to the discharge flow passage, and is provided in the communicating flow passage; and an elastic member sandwiched by a second inner wall portion facing the communicating flow passage from the discharge flow passage side, and the vane member.

Abstract: A large electron tube includes: a tubular collector; and a magnetic body disposed outside the collector and having no axial symmetry with respect to a center axis of the collector. This makes it possible to inhibit parasitic oscillation that occurs inside the collector.

Abstract: A cushion tank device includes: a cushion tank configured to store pickling solution and sludge discharged from a pickling tank; a discharge pipe provided on a bottom of the cushion tank and configured to discharge the sludge to an outside of the cushion tank; and an opening/closing member configured to open and close the discharge pipe. The cushion tank device configure to guide the sludge to the discharge pipe, the inclined surface including an inclined surface part on a lower part of the cushion tank that is inclined to horizon at an angle greater than an angle of repose of the sludge with respect to an inner wall surface of the cushion tank.

Abstract: A solid-liquid separator that separates solid particles from a fluid in which the solid particles are dispersed includes: a flow channel part where a linear flow channel into which the fluid is introduced is formed; and an ultrasonic vibrator as a secondary flow generation mechanism that generates a secondary flow in a cross-section direction in the fluid flowing on an upstream side of the flow channel. The flow channel includes a rectangular cross section defined by a flow channel width and a flow channel height perpendicular to the flow channel width. An aspect ratio of the cross section at least on a downstream side from the secondary flow generation mechanism in the flow channel is in a range from 10 to 100, the aspect ratio being expressed by a ratio of the flow channel width to the flow channel height.

Abstract: A numerical control system according to the present invention controls machine drive systems included in a machine tool that performs machining using a tool, according to a numerical control program, and includes a coordinate transformation unit that acquires a disturbance force or a disturbance torque applied to each machine drive system, and coordinate-transforms the disturbance force or the disturbance torque into a tool reference coordinate system for output, and an identification unit that calculates cutting process parameters that determine characteristics of a cutting process model and dynamic characteristic parameters that determine characteristics of a dynamics model of the machine tool, using the disturbance force or the disturbance torque output from the coordinate transformation unit, states of the machine drive systems, predetermined equation models, and cutting conditions.

Abstract: A numerical control system according to the present invention controls machine drive systems included in a machine tool that performs machining using a tool, according to a numerical control program, and includes a coordinate transformation unit that acquires a disturbance force or a disturbance torque applied to each machine drive system, and coordinate-transforms the disturbance force or the disturbance torque into a tool reference coordinate system for output, and an identification unit that calculates cutting process parameters that determine characteristics of a cutting process model and dynamic characteristic parameters that determine characteristics of a dynamics model of the machine tool, using the disturbance force or the disturbance torque output from the coordinate transformation unit, states of the machine drive systems, predetermined equation models, and cutting conditions.

Abstract: A numerical control system according to the present invention controls machine drive systems included in a machine tool that performs machining using a tool, according to a numerical control program, and includes a coordinate transformation unit that acquires a disturbance force or a disturbance torque applied to each machine drive system, and coordinate-transforms the disturbance force or the disturbance torque into a tool reference coordinate system for output, and an identification unit that calculates cutting process parameters that determine characteristics of a cutting process model and dynamic characteristic parameters that determine characteristics of a dynamics model of the machine tool, using the disturbance force or the disturbance torque output from the coordinate transformation unit, states of the machine drive systems, predetermined equation models, and cutting conditions.

Abstract: A design system that assists in a design of a structure to be designed by using a three-dimensional finite element method, includes: a calculation unit that performs three-dimensional analysis of a component of a stress acting on the structure with respect to earthquake input based on design data related to a configuration of and load on the structure, calculates a history indicating a relationship between stresses of two or more components acting on the structure, sets a design stress space so as to envelop a region containing the history in a convex shape, and calculates a first design stress acting on a cross section of the structure based on the design stress space.

Abstract: A gas-liquid contact apparatus has a gas-liquid contact unit, a liquid supply system, and a gas supply system. The gas-liquid contact unit includes a plurality of stages which are allocated so as to be arranged in the lateral direction. Each of the plurality of stages includes a plurality of vertical flat plates arranged parallel to each other at intervals. The liquid supply system supplies a liquid to the gas-liquid contact unit, and causes the liquid to be circulated along the arrangement of the plurality of stages successively. The gas supply system supplies a gas to the gas-liquid contact unit, and causes the gas to be circulated along the arrangement of the plurality of stages successively. The supplied liquid flows down on the plurality of vertical flat plates in each of the plurality of stages, and comes into contact with the supplied gas.

Abstract: The packing has one or more thin-layer packing elements that are installed upright, the packing element having a main body portion with a planar liquid film formation surface, and one or more wall portions that are provided upright relative to the liquid film formation surface along a linear direction. The side surface of each wall portion has a curved portion at the base thereof connected to the liquid film formation surface, the curved portion curving so as to continue into the liquid film formation surface.

Abstract: A packing for gas-liquid contact has at least one packing element of a thin layer shape, placed in a standing position. The packing element has a main body portion having a planar liquid film-forming surface extending along a liquid flow direction, and at least one wall portion provided to stand relative to the liquid film-forming surface and extending along the liquid flow direction. The wall portion has a side surface inclined at a predetermined angle to the liquid film-forming surface in a surface position of a liquid film to be formed by a liquid on the liquid film-forming surface.

Abstract: A hydrophilized material has a surface provided with surface roughness that arithmetic mean roughness is 0.3 ?m to 1.0 ?m and mean width of roughness profile elements is 0.1 mm or less. A hydrophilized member that contacts a liquid is at least partially made of the hydrophilized material. The hydrophilized member is applicable to a gas-liquid contact apparatus having a gas-liquid contact section, a liquid supply system, and a gas supply system, to constitute the gas-liquid contact section as a packing element. Wettability imparted due to the surface roughness is exhibited continuously.

Abstract: The cell culture system comprises: a culturing tank housing a liquid culture medium containing cells to be cultured; a hydrodynamic separation device for separating liquid medium supplied from the culturing tank into a cell-rich fraction having a relatively high cell density and a cell-poor fraction having a relatively low cell density; and a filtration separator for removing cells from the cell-poor fraction separated by the hydrodynamic separation device and recovering the liquid culture medium. The hydrodynamic separation device uses a vortex flow generated by flow along curved flow channel having a rectangular cross-section to separate the liquid culture medium. Alternatively, the cell-poor fraction from the hydrodynamic separator device is supplied to the culturing tank to reduce the cell density of the liquid culture medium, and the liquid medium is supplied to the filtration separator to remove the cells and recover the liquid medium.

Abstract: The cell culture system has a culture tank containing a liquid medium that cultures cells, and a cell separator including a hydrodynamic separation device and a liquid feeding unit. The hydrodynamic separation device has a curved flow channel having a rectangular cross-section, and separates relatively large cells from the cells contained in the liquid medium using a vortex flow generated by flow through the curved flow channel. The liquid feeding unit flows the liquid medium through the hydrodynamic separation device in a pressure environment controlled to suppress decrease in cell viability caused by pressure fluctuation in the liquid medium during flowing through the hydrodynamic separation device.

Abstract: A gas-liquid contact apparatus has a gas-liquid contact unit, a liquid supply system, and a gas supply system. The gas-liquid contact unit includes a plurality of stages which are allocated so as to be arranged in the lateral direction. Each of the plurality of stages includes a plurality of vertical flat plates arranged parallel to each other at intervals. The liquid supply system supplies a liquid to the gas-liquid contact unit, and causes the liquid to be circulated along the arrangement of the plurality of stages successively. The gas supply system supplies a gas to the gas-liquid contact unit, and causes the gas to be circulated along the arrangement of the plurality of stages successively. The supplied liquid flows down on the plurality of vertical flat plates in each of the plurality of stages, and comes into contact with the supplied gas.

Abstract: A packing for gas-liquid contact has at least one packing element of a thin layer shape, placed in a standing position. The packing element has a main body portion having a planar liquid film-forming surface extending along a liquid flow direction, and at least one wall portion provided to stand relative to the liquid film-forming surface and extending along the liquid flow direction. The wall portion has a side surface inclined at a predetermined angle to the liquid film-forming surface in a surface position of a liquid film to be formed by a liquid on the liquid film-forming surface.

Abstract: A numerical control system according to the present invention controls machine drive systems included in a machine tool that performs machining using a tool, according to a numerical control program, and includes a coordinate transformation unit that acquires a disturbance force or a disturbance torque applied to each machine drive system, and coordinate-transforms the disturbance force or the disturbance torque into a tool reference coordinate system for output, and an identification unit that calculates cutting process parameters that determine characteristics of a cutting process model and dynamic characteristic parameters that determine characteristics of a dynamics model of the machine tool, using the disturbance force or the disturbance torque output from the coordinate transformation unit, states of the machine drive systems, predetermined equation models, and cutting conditions.

Abstract: A hydrophilized material has a surface provided with surface roughness that arithmetic mean roughness is 0.3 ?m to 1.0 ?m and mean width of roughness profile elements is 0.1 mm or less. A hydrophilized member that contacts a liquid is at least partially made of the hydrophilized material. The hydrophilized member is applicable to a gas-liquid contact apparatus having a gas-liquid contact section, a liquid supply system, and a gas supply system, to constitute the gas-liquid contact section as a packing element. Wettability imparted due to the surface roughness is exhibited continuously.

Abstract: The packing has one or more thin-layer packing elements that are installed upright, the packing element having a main body portion with a planar liquid film formation surface, and one or more wall portions that are provided upright relative to the liquid film formation surface along a linear direction. The side surface of each wall portion has a curved portion at the base thereof connected to the liquid film formation surface, the curved portion curbing so as to continue into the liquid film formation surface.