Abstract: The present invention provides an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of kidney cancer or urinary bladder cancer, and a diagnostic reagent for these cancers which comprise an antibody against nerve growth factor 2/neurotrophin-3 or a partial peptide thereof or a salt thereof, which antibody neutralizes nerve growth factor 2/neurotrophin-3 and does not cross-react with the Nerve Growth Factor.

Abstract: Identification of a novel target molecule for preventing/treating cancer and a preventive/remedy agent for cancer which targets the molecule, specifically, an agent for promoting the apoptosis in cancer cells and/or inhibiting the growth of cancer cells and a preventive/remedy agent for cancer, which comprise an antibody against a protein including the same or substantially the same amino acid sequence as the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 8, or SEQ ID NO: 10; an antisense polynucleotide of the protein (preferably, siRNA against mRNA of the protein); and a substance controlling the expression and/or activity of the protein, are provided by the present invention.

Abstract: A compound or its salt that regulates the activities of a protein having the same or substantially the same amino acid sequence as the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1, an antisense nucleotide containing a base sequence or a part thereof which is complementary or substantially complementary io the base sequence of a DNA encoding a protein or its partial peptide having the same or substantially the same amino acid sequence as the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1, etc. can be used as preventive/therapeutic agents for cancer, etc.