Abstract: A controller for a hybrid electric vehicle executes an intake gas flow rate adjusting process, a motor-driven actuation process, a fuel vapor adjusting process, and a starting process. The intake gas flow rate adjusting process includes adjusting an opening degree of a throttle valve to an open state. The motor-driven actuation process includes controlling a motor-generator to perform motor-driven actuation of the internal combustion engine. The fuel vapor adjusting process includes adjusting an opening degree of a fuel vapor adjusting valve during the motor-driven actuation process, thereby allowing fuel vapor to flow through a fuel vapor passage. The starting process includes starting the internal combustion engine by controlling an ignition device to perform ignition during the motor-driven actuation process.

Abstract: An exhaust gas control apparatus for an internal combustion engine for purifying exhaust gas discharged from an engine main body includes an exhaust gas control catalyst disposed in an exhaust gas passage of an internal combustion engine and capable of purifying a target component in the exhaust gas, an electrochemical reactor disposed in the exhaust gas passage on a downstream side in an exhaust flow direction of the exhaust gas control catalyst, and a control device for controlling energization of the electrochemical reactor. The electrochemical reactor is configured to purify the target component in the exhaust gas when energized. The control device controls the energization of the electrochemical reactor on the basis of an active parameter indicating an active state of the exhaust gas control catalyst and an air-fuel ratio parameter related to an air-fuel ratio of the inflow exhaust gas flowing into the electrochemical reactor.

Abstract: An exhaust purification system of an internal combustion engine includes a catalyst arranged in an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine and able to store oxygen, a storage amount calculating part configured to calculate an oxygen storage amount of the catalyst, a poisoning amount calculating part configured to calculate a poisoning amount of the catalyst, and an oxygen amount control part configured to control an amount of oxygen supplied to the catalyst based on the oxygen storage amount and the poisoning amount.

Abstract: An exhaust purification system of an internal combustion engine includes a catalyst arranged in an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine and able to store oxygen, a storage amount calculating part configured to calculate an oxygen storage amount of the catalyst, a poisoning amount calculating part configured to calculate a poisoning amount of the catalyst, and an oxygen amount control part configured to control an amount of oxygen supplied to the catalyst based on the oxygen storage amount and the poisoning amount.

Abstract: A catalytic converter capable of uniformizing an exhaust gas flow velocity to realize uniform temperature distribution and improved purification performance, and a method for designing the catalytic converter. A catalytic converter includes a catalyst base composed of an inner base material part having inner cell holes and an outer base material part having outer cell holes, and an exhaust pipe composed of an upstream-side pipe, a catalyst housing pipe and a downstream-side pipe. In the catalytic converter, a flow path cross-sectional area of the upstream-side pipe defined as S1, a cross-sectional area of the inner base material part defined as S2, a cross-sectional area of the catalyst base defined as S3, a hydraulic diameter of the inner cell holes defined as d1 and a hydraulic diameter of the outer cell holes defined as d2, satisfy the relationship, S1?S2?S3(?0.2242 (d12/d22)2+0.1141 (d12/d22)+0.617).

Abstract: An internal combustion engine which has a plurality of cylinders comprises port fuel injectors, cylinder fuel injectors, an exhaust purification catalyst arranged at an engine exhaust passage, a downstream side air-fuel ratio sensor, and a control device controlling a combustion air-fuel ratio and a ratio of feed of fuel from two fuel injectors, wherein the control device is configured to be able to perform average air-fuel ratio control where it alternately controls an average air-fuel ratio to a rich air-fuel ratio and a lean air-fuel ratio and inter-cylinder air-fuel ratio control where it controls the combustion air-fuel ratios of the cylinders so that the combustion air-fuel ratios of the cylinders become richer and leaner than the average air-fuel ratio.

Abstract: A catalytic converter (10) includes i) an outer tube (1) that includes a cylindrical portion (1a), an upstream-side cone portion (1b), and a downstream-side cone portion (1c), and ii) a substrate (2) having a cell structure that is arranged in the cylindrical portion (1a) of the outer tube (1). The substrate (2) has a center region (2a) where a cell density is relatively high and a peripheral region (2b) where the cell density is relatively low, in a cross-section that is orthogonal to a length direction of the substrate (2). A projection portion when a connecting portion (5) of the exhaust duct (4) and the downstream-side cone portion (1c) is projected onto the substrate (2) is within the center region (2a).