Abstract: A phase shifter includes an active matrix transistor array. Each transistor of the active matrix transistor array is configured to control a voltage bias across a corresponding voltage-controlled capacitor of voltage-controlled capacitors to control a capacitance of the corresponding voltage-controlled capacitor. The phase shifter further includes signal channels. Each signal channel of the signal channels has a first end and a second end and is AC coupled at a point between the first end and the second end to one or more of the voltage-controlled capacitors. The phase shifter is configured to control a phase shift applied to each corresponding signal channel of the signal channels by setting the voltage bias across each of the one or more of the voltage-controlled capacitors coupled to the corresponding signal channel.

Abstract: A radio includes a liquid crystal (LC) phase shift layer including LC pixels. A path length of each LC pixel varies as a function of a voltage applied across the LC pixel. The radio further includes one or more planar antennae. Each of the one or more planar antennae is arranged to at least one of receive or transmit radio signals through the LC phase shift layer. The radio further includes an active matrix transistor array. Each transistor of the active matrix transistor array is configured to control a corresponding voltage across a storage capacitor. Each storage capacitor is connected across a respective LC pixel. The radio further includes a radio frequency transceiver circuit connected to the one or more planar antennae and a controller to perform beamforming of radio signals by controlling the active matrix transistor array to set the path length for each of the LC pixels.

Abstract: A wireless transceiver (1) includes a planar substrate (2) having first (3) and second (4) opposite faces and having a thickness between the first (2) and second (3) opposite faces. The wireless transceiver (1) also includes a number of first antennae (Rx1, . . . , RxN) supported on the first face (3). The wireless transceiver (1) also includes a number of second antennae (Tx1, . . . , TxM) supported on the second face (4). The wireless transceiver (1) also includes a circuit (7) supported by the planar substrate (2) and connected to the first antennae (Rx1, . . . , RxN) and the second antennae (Tx1, . . . , TxM). The circuit (7) includes a number of vias (8) formed through the thickness of the planar substrate (2) for transmission of signals between the circuit (7) and the first antennae (Rx1, . . . , RxN) and/or between the circuit (7) and the second antennae (Tx1, . . . , TxM). The circuit (7) is configured to control the first antennae (Rx1, . . .

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved method for making a plasma display apparatus comprising a plurality of stripe-shaped electrodes arranged in a matrix, a dot-shaped discharge area or pixel area at each solid intersection between the stripe-shaped electrodes and a fluorescent film formed on each of the discharge areas and adapted to emit light when the fluorescent film is excited by ultraviolet rays from the corresponding discharge area wherein the improvement is fabricating a ridge on one of the substrates utilizing a negative-working or positive-working diffusion patterning process.