Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a vertical field-effect transistor including: a first gate trench and a second gate trench extending in a first direction, the second gate trench being deeper than the first trench; a first gate insulating film and a first gate conductor inside the first gate trench; and a second gate insulating film and a second gate conductor inside the second gate trench. The first gate conductor and the second gate conductor have the same potential. When a total number of first gate trenches is denoted by n, a total number of second gate trenches is at least 2 and at most n+1. In a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, the second gate trench is disposed at each of farthest ends of a region in which the first gate trenches and the second gate trenches are disposed.

Abstract: A transmission device for performing information communication with one or more reception devices includes a communication history information storage unit configured to store communication history information in which a communication parameter for performing the information communication is associated with a deterioration rate that is a value based on radio waves transmitted using the communication parameter when information is transmitted to the reception device and radio waves received from the reception device, a calculation unit configured to calculate the communication parameter when communication with the reception device is performed on the basis of the stored communication history information, and an output unit configured to output the calculated communication parameter.

Abstract: There are provided a CO2 immobilization material including one kind or two or more kinds of non-hydraulic compound selected from the group consisting of ?-2CaO·SiO2, 3CaO·2SiO2, ?-CaO·SiO2, and calcium magnesium silicate, in which the CO2 immobilization material contains Li, and a content percentage of the Li is 0.001 to 1.0% by mass in terms of oxide; and a method for producing a CO2 immobilization product including subjecting the CO2 immobilization material to a carbonation treatment at 75° C. or lower and/or 50% RH or higher.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a vertical field-effect transistor including: a first gate trench and a second gate trench extending in a first direction, the second gate trench being deeper than the first trench; a first gate insulating film and a first gate conductor inside the first gate trench; and a second gate insulating film and a second gate conductor inside the second gate trench. The first gate conductor and the second gate conductor have the same potential. When a total number of first gate trenches is denoted by n, a total number of second gate trenches is at least 2 and at most n +1. In a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, the second gate trench is disposed at each of farthest ends of a region in which the first gate trenches and the second gate trenches are disposed.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a vertical field-effect transistor including: a low-concentration impurity layer; a body region; a gate trench; a gate insulating film; and a gate conductor. The body region includes: a first body portion containing an active region and has a constant depth; and a second body portion adjacent to the first body portion and includes a zone that has a limited length in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction along the top surface of the low-concentration impurity layer, and has a constant depth at a position shallower than the constant depth of the first body portion. The second body portion includes a portion in which a region having relatively high concentration of an impurity and a region having relatively low concentration of an impurity are alternately and periodically present in the first direction in a cross-sectional view of a plane orthogonal to the second direction.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp including a lens component made of a resin, an insertion portion disposed on the lens component, and a lamp body made of a resin and defining a groove for receiving the insertion portion, and the lens component is fixed to the lamp body by a moisture curing type adhesive injected into a gap in the groove. The gap has a constant thickness ranging from 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm.

Abstract: Disclosed is a vehicle lamp. An insertion portion formed at a lens component made of a resin is inserted into a groove formed in a lamp body made of a resin and the lens component is fixed to the lamp body by a moisture curing type adhesive injected into the groove. An inner surface of the groove in the cross section of the groove faces and is spaced apart from the insertion portion by a constant spacing in a range of 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm The moisture curing type adhesive is introduced into the spacing.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a vehicle lamp includes providing a housing having a front opening and a transparent cover having a curved front face and a rear face having a welding face portion. The welding face portion of the transparent cover is placed in a closely contacting state with respect to the housing and the transparent cover is joined with the housing so as to close the front opening of the housing by irradiating a welding light ray toward the welding face portion through the transparent cover. The placing includes applying a pressing force against the housing to the transparent cover in a predetermined direction such that an angle of the welding face portion of the transparent cover with respect to the predetermined direction is closer to a right angle than an angle of the front face of the transparent cover corresponding to the welding surface with respect to the predetermined direction.

Abstract: A dye-sensitized solar cell is provided. The solar cell includes a first electrode substrate including a first tabular substrate which is transparent; a transparent conductive film; and an oxide semiconductor layer impregnated with a sensitizing dye; a second electrode substrate including a second tabular substrate; a conductive film; and a catalyst conductive layer; and a sealing member which seals a peripheral area between the first electrode substrate and the second electrode substrate. The sealing member includes a sealant in a first area of the peripheral area that overlaps with the transparent conductive film or the conductive film; and a sealing base material in a second area of the peripheral area that does not overlap with the transparent conductive film or the conductive film. An electrolyte is scaled in a sealing space formed by the first and second electrodes and the sealing member.

Abstract: A vehicle lighting device manufacturing method, for joining a transparent cover with a housing ray welding, includes: a preliminary heating step of preparing welding portions of the transparent cover and the housing, and of forming, on part of the welding portion of the transparent cover and/or the housing, a built-up portion, which overlays a welding portion in a design, and heating and softening the built-up portion; a pressure-bonding step of pressure-bonding the welding portion of the transparent cover to the welding portion of the housing; and a welding step of welding the transparent cover and the housing that are pressure-bonded together by the emission of a light beam that irradiates the welding portion of the transparent cover and the housing along the entire length of edges.

Abstract: A beam welding apparatus for welding a housing and transparent cover of a vehicular lighting device via beam welding has a cover fixing jig having a beam transmitting part, configured to fix a position of a transparent cover and configured to press the transparent cover toward a housing with a welding part of the transparent cover overlaid on a welding part of the housing while it is arranged on the transparent cover. The beam welding apparatus also has a beam irradiating part configured to irradiate beams onto the welding part of the housing through the beam transmitting part and the transparent cover to excite and heat the welding part of the housing. The beam transmitting part has a shielding part configured to shield unnecessary luminous flux among the beams irradiated toward the welding part of the housing from the beam irradiating part.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp includes an outer lens and an inner lens disposed inside the outer lens. The inner lens covers an area narrower than the outer lens and is supported with the body by laser welding. The inner lens and the body respectively have joint areas. A laser absorber is contained in an interface between the joint areas. The joint areas are overlapped and laser beam is emitted to the laser absorber from behind the joint area of the inner lens.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp includes a housing and a transparent cover, which is joined to the housing by a light ray welding. A front face of the transparent cover is curved and a rear face of the transparent cover includes a welding face portion formed along a circumferential portion thereof. In at least one section of the transparent cover, respective end portions of the front face corresponding to the welding face portion are inclined in different directions, and an angle of the welding face portion with respect to a reference line, which passes through the transparent cover and forms equal angles with respect to the respective end portions of the front face, is closer to a right angle than the angle of each of the end portions of the front face with respect to the reference line.

Abstract: A beam welding method in a vehicular lighting device where a transparent cover is mounted on a housing so as to cover its front face is characterized in that a transparent cover and a housing each includes a joining part. The method includes a step of integrating an elastic member with the joining part of the transparent cover, a step of bringing the elastic member into contact with the joining part of the housing, and a step of irradiating beams onto the joining part of the housing to weld the elastic member and the housing.

Abstract: A vehicle lighting device manufacturing method, for joining a transparent cover with a housing ray welding, includes: a preliminary heating step of preparing welding portions of the transparent cover and the housing, and of forming, on part of the welding portion of the transparent cover and/or the housing, a built-up portion, which overlays a welding portion in a design, and heating and softening the built-up portion; a pressure-bonding step of pressure-bonding the welding portion of the transparent cover to the welding portion of the housing; and a welding step of welding the transparent cover and the housing that are pressure-bonded together by the emission of a light beam that irradiates the welding portion of the transparent cover and the housing along the entire length of edges.

Abstract: A beam welding apparatus that welds the housing and transparent cover of a vehicular lighting device via beam welding includes: a cover fixing jig including a beam transmitting part, for pressing a transparent cover toward a housing while arranged on the transparent cover with the welding part of the transparent cover overlaid on the welding part of the housing; and a beam irradiating part for irradiating beams onto the welding part of the housing through the beam transmitting part and the transparent cover to excite and heat the welding part of the housing; characterized in that the beam transmitting part includes a shielding part for shielding unnecessary luminous flux among the beams irradiated toward the welding part of the housing from the beam irradiating part.

Abstract: A beam welding method in a vehicular lighting device where a transparent cover is mounted on a housing so as to cover its front face is characterized in that a transparent cover and a housing each includes a joining part. The method includes a step of integrating an elastic member with the joining part of the transparent cover, a step of bringing the elastic member into contact with the joining part of the housing, and a step of irradiating beams onto the joining part of the housing to weld the elastic member and the housing.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp is provided with a lens and a housing. The housing is opened in a front side thereof. The lens is fixed to the housing by laser-beam welding so that the lens covers the front side opening of the housing. The lens is fixed to the housing by bringing the lens, around a full circumference of which laser beam transmitting portions and welding portions are formed, into abutment with the housing, around a full circumference of which a welding portions is formed. The lens is pressed by a press holding jig having a laser beam transmitting portion so as to bring the welding portions of the lens into abutment with the welding portions of the housing. A laser beam is emitted to at least a part of a location where the welding portions of the lens are in abutment with the welding portions of the housing. The laser beam is transmitted through the laser beam transmitting portion of the press holding jig and the laser beam transmitting portion of the lens to at least part of the location.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp includes an outer lens and an inner lens disposed inside the outer lens. The inner lens covers an area narrower than the outer lens and is supported with the body by laser welding. The inner lens and the body respectively have joint areas. A laser absorber is contained in an interface between the joint areas. The joint areas are overlapped and laser beam is emitted to the laser absorber from behind the joint area of the inner lens.