Abstract: An electrochemical reaction device includes: a first electrolytic solution tank including first and second storage parts storing first and second electrolytic solutions containing carbon dioxide and water respectively; reduction and oxidation electrodes immersed in the first and second electrolytic solutions respectively; a generator connected to the reduction and oxidation electrodes; a second electrolytic solution tank including a third storage part storing a third electrolytic solution containing carbon dioxide; and a flow path connecting the first and third storage parts. The third electrolytic solution is lower in temperature than the first electrolytic solution.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a photochemical reaction device comprises a laminated body and an ion transfer pathway. A laminated body comprises an oxidation catalyst layer for producing oxygen and protons by oxidizing water a reduction catalyst layer for producing carbon compounds by reducing carbon dioxide and a semiconductor layer formed between the oxidation catalyst layer and the reduction catalyst layer and developing charge separation with light energy. An ion transfer pathway moves ions between the oxidation catalyst layer side and the reduction catalyst layer side.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a photoelectrode of an embodiment includes: preparing a stack including a first electrode layer having a light transmitting electrode, a second electrode layer having a metal electrode, and a photovoltaic layer disposed between the electrode layers; immersing the stack in an electrolytic solution containing an ion including a metal constituting a catalyst layer which is to be formed on the first electrode layer; and passing a current to the stack through the second electrode layer to electrochemically precipitate at least one selected from the metal and a compound containing the metal, onto the first electrode layer, thereby forming the catalyst layer.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of a CO2 reduction catalyst of the present invention, a conductive material is immersed in an aqueous solution containing a gold source, and a current or a potential is applied, whereby a highly active CO2 reduction catalyst can be formed in a wide range portion on a surface of the conductive material. According to one embodiment of a CO2 reduction catalyst of the present invention, in a CO2 reduction reaction apparatus including a CO2 reduction electrode having the CO2 reduction catalyst, CO2 is reduced.

Abstract: A producing system of reduction product of carbon dioxide includes a chemical reaction apparatus including an oxidation reaction electrolytic bath and a reduction reaction electrolytic bath, the chemical reaction apparatus configured to generate a reduction product by reducing carbon dioxide, an electrolytic solution supply unit supplying an electrolytic solution to the reduction reaction electrolytic bath, a carbon dioxide supply unit configured to dissolve carbon dioxide into the electrolytic solution, the carbon dioxide supply unit serving to sustain a reduction reaction in the reduction reaction electrolytic bath, and a separation unit configured to separate the reduction product from the electrolytic solution.

Abstract: A reduction electrode of an embodiment includes a metal base material and a plurality of metal nanowires provided on the metal base material. The plurality of metal nanowires include metal nanowires whose average height of contour curve of surface is 20 nm or less for 50% or more in a number ratio. The plurality of metal nanowires are formed by reducing a plurality of metal oxides each having a nanowire shape formed on the metal base material by an electrochemical reduction method. A reduction process of the metal oxides includes a first process of passing a current under a constant current condition where an absolute value is 5 mA/cm2 or more through the plurality of metal oxides, and a second process of passing a current under a constant potential condition through the plurality of metal oxides.

Abstract: An electrolytic device of an embodiment has a solution or gas containing water and carbon dioxide, a first electrode oxidizing the water to produce oxygen, a second electrode and a third electrode reducing the carbon dioxide to produce a carbon compound, and a power supply applying current across the first electrode and the second and third electrodes. A composing material of the second electrode has an ionization tendency larger than a composing material of the third electrode. The third electrode mainly reduces the carbon dioxide to produce a first carbon compound, and the second electrode mainly reduces the first carbon compound to produce a second carbon compound.

Abstract: An electrochemical reaction device includes a first unit group having a plurality of first electrochemical reaction units and a second unit group having a plurality of second electrochemical reaction units. Respective electrolytic tanks of the plurality of first electrochemical reaction units are serially connected with each other. Respective electrolytic tanks of the plurality of second electrochemical reaction units are serially connected with each other. The electrolytic tanks of the plurality of second electrochemical reaction units are parallelly connected to the electrolytic tanks of the plurality of first electrochemical reaction units.

Abstract: A method of forming a composite catalyst layer includes repeating a first step of forming a first deposit part and a second step of forming a second deposit part to alternately deposit the first and second catalyst materials. At least one effective thickness out of a first effective thickness calculated from a growth rate of the first deposit part and a second effective thickness calculated from a growth rate of the second deposit part is not less than 0.02 nm nor more than 0.5 nm.

Abstract: An electrochemical reaction device includes: a first electrolytic solution tank having a first storage part and a second storage part; a second electrolytic solution tank having a third storage part and a fourth storage part; a first reduction electrode layer immersed in a first electrolytic solution; a first oxidation electrode layer immersed in a second electrolytic solution; a first generator electrically connected to the first reduction electrode and the first oxidation electrode layer; a second reduction electrode layer immersed in a third electrolytic solution; a second oxidation electrode layer immersed in a fourth electrolytic solution; a second generator electrically connected to the second reduction electrode and the second oxidation electrode layer; and at least one flow path out of a first flow path connecting the first storage part and the fourth storage part and a second flow path connecting the second storage part and the third storage part.

Abstract: An electrochemical reaction device includes: an electrolytic solution tank to store an electrolytic solution; an oxidation electrode disposed in the electrolytic solution tank; a reduction electrode disposed in the electrolytic solution tank; and a generator connected to the oxidation electrode and the reduction electrode. At least one of the oxidation electrode or the reduction electrode has a porous structure containing fine pores.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a photochemical reaction device includes: a solar cell; an electrolytic tank having a first tank storing a first solution including an oxidant and/or reductant of a redox medium and a second tank storing a second solution including water and/or proton; a first electrode set in the first tank, connected to a positive electrode of the solar cell through a first switching element, and connected to a negative electrode of the solar cell through a second switching element; and a second electrode set in the second tank, connected to the positive electrode of the solar cell through a third switching element, and connected to the negative electrode of the solar cell through a fourth switching element.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an oxidation electrode includes: a collector; an oxidation catalyst formed on the collector; and a modified organic molecule which is bonded to the surface of the oxidation catalyst, and comprises a cationic functional group.

Abstract: A photo-electrochemical cell of an embodiment includes: a first electrode which has a transparent conductive film provided on a first surface of a photoelectric conversion layer; a first catalyst layer provided on the first electrode; a second electrode provided on a second surface of the photoelectric conversion layer; and a second catalyst layer provided on the second electrode. The first catalyst layer has a plurality of catalyst parts disposed on the first electrode and a transparent dielectric part disposed in a gap between the plurality of catalyst parts.

Abstract: A photoelectrochemical reaction system of an embodiment includes: a CO2 generation unit, a CO2 reduction unit, and a CO2 supply unit supplying gas containing CO2 generated in the CO2 generation unit into the CO2 reduction unit. The CO2 reduction unit includes: a stack 3 including an oxidization electrode layer 11 oxidizing H2O, a reduction electrode layer 21 reducing CO2, and a photovoltaic layer 31 provided between the electrode layers 11, 21; an electrolytic solution tank 2 storing a first electrolytic solution 4 in which the oxidization electrode layer 11 is immersed and a second electrolytic solution 5 in which the reduction electrode layer 21 is immersed; and an ion migration pathway 6 allowing ions to migrate between the first electrolytic solution 4 and the second electrolytic solution 5. The gas containing CO2 generated in the CO2 generation unit is supplied into the second electrolytic solution 5 by a gas supply pipe 51 of the CO2 supply unit.

Abstract: A photoelectrochemical reaction device in an embodiment includes: first and second photovoltaic cells each including a first electrode, a second electrode, and a photovoltaic layer; first and second reaction electrode pairs each including a third electrode and a fourth electrode; and an electrolytic bath storing a first electrolytic solution in which the third electrodes are immersed and a second electrolytic solution in which the fourth electrodes are immersed. One of the third and fourth electrodes causes an oxidation reaction, and the other of the third and fourth electrodes causes a reduction reaction. The first photovoltaic cell is electrically connected to the first reaction electrode pair, and the second photovoltaic cell is electrically connected to the second reaction electrode pair.

Abstract: To convert light into a chemical substance with high conversion efficiency. A device, comprising: a photovoltaic layer having a first face and a second face; an oxidation electrode layer electrically connected to the first face of the photovoltaic layer; a reduction electrode layer electrically connected to the second face of the photovoltaic layer; a first electrolytic solution being supplied to the oxidation electrode layer; a second electrolytic solution being supplied to the reduction electrode layer; and a porous layer, provided to in contact with at least one of the first electrolytic solution and the second electrolytic solution, having fine pores through which a product produced by the oxidation reaction or the reduction reaction passes, and being given a temperature gradient wherein the product being purified by the porous layer.

Abstract: A photoelectrochemical reaction system of an embodiment includes a CO2 conversion part and a CO2 reduction part. The CO2 conversion part converts carbon dioxide into at least one intermediate substance selected from the group consisting of a metal carbonate and a metal hydrogen carbonate by an aqueous solution containing a metal hydroxide, and generates a reaction solution containing the intermediate substance. The CO2 reduction part includes a one-liquid reaction vessel where the reaction solution containing the intermediate substance is led in, an oxidation electrode and a reduction electrode immersed in the reaction solution, and a photoelectric conversion element electrically connected to the oxidation and reduction electrodes. H2O is oxidized in a vicinity of the oxidation electrode to generate O2, and the intermediate substance is reduced in a vicinity of the reduction electrode to generate a carbon compound.

Abstract: A photoelectrochemical reaction device of an embodiment includes: a first stack including a first electrode, a second electrode, and a photovoltaic layer provided therebetween; a second stack including a third electrode electrically connected to the first electrode, a fourth electrode electrically connected to the second electrode, and an ion migration layer provided therebetween; and an electrolytic solution tank storing a first electrolytic solution in which the third electrode is immersed and a second electrolytic solution in which the fourth electrode is immersed. One of the third and fourth electrodes causes an oxidation reaction, and the other of the third and fourth electrodes causes a reduction reaction. The third and fourth electrodes have ion permeability. An area of the second stack is larger than that of the first stack.

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