Abstract: A semiconductor memory includes a memory cell region that includes multiple memory cells stacked above a semiconductor substrate, first and second dummy regions on opposite sides of the memory cell region, each dummy region including multiple dummy cells stacked above the semiconductor substrate, and a wiring that electrically connects dummy cells of the first and second dummy regions that are at a same level above the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A fixing unit or device that can be used in an image forming apparatus includes a first heater element that is formed of a material that increases in electrical resistance with increases in temperature. A controller of the fixing unit is configured to vary a duty ratio of electric power applied to the first heater element during a start-up operation in which the temperature of the first heater element is raised to a target operating temperature. By varying the duty ratio during the start-up operation, changes in the resistance of the first heater element with the heating can be compensated. For example, the duty ratio can be increased during the course of the start-up to achieve the target operating temperature faster.

Abstract: An objective is to provide a terminal device, a communication method, and a communication system in which the time taken by connection operations/authentication operations does not increase proportionally with the pattern length, even if the transmitting side and the receiving side are not synchronized. A terminal device, a communication method, and a communication system according to the present invention create n pieces of signal information (n-bit patterns) by sequentially shifting each bit of a single piece of received signal information (n-bit pattern) one bit at a time. Through the above, signal information time-shifted by one bit each is obtained. Thus, even if the transmitting side and the receiving side are not synchronized, one of the n pieces of signal information is a signal synchronized with the transmitting side. Thereafter, the signal synchronized with the transmitting side can be detected by a brute-force calculation with the patterns (ID information) in the list.

Abstract: A driving assist apparatus executes an autonomous braking control when a predetermined autonomous stop condition becomes satisfied, executes a stopped state keeping control to keep the own vehicle stopped after stopping the own vehicle by the autonomous braking control, and terminates executing the stopped state keeping control when a predetermined stopped state keeping termination condition becomes satisfied while executing the stopped state keeping control. The driving assist apparatus executes a driving force limitation control to limit a driving force generated to move the own vehicle to a value smaller than the driving force which depends on an amount of operating the acceleration pedal when determining that the predetermined stopped state keeping termination condition is satisfied, and a mistaken pressing operation occurs. The mistaken pressing operation is an operation performed by a driver to mistakenly press an acceleration pedal with an intention to press a brake pedal.

Abstract: When a collision avoidance target is a pedestrian or a bicycle, a driving assistance ECU performs automatic braking control. In this case, accelerator override cannot be performed. When the collision avoidance target is an automobile and when an accelerator operation amount is equal to or larger than a first operation amount threshold, the driving assistance ECU prohibits the automatic braking control. In this case, the accelerator override can be performed. When the accelerator operation amount is smaller than the first operation amount threshold, the driving assistance ECU performs the automatic braking control.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element includes: a substrate; a protrusion and recess portion that is formed on one surface of the substrate and imposes predetermined diffraction on incident light; and an antireflection layer provided between the substrate and the protrusion and recess portion. An effective refractive index difference ?n in a wavelength range of the incident light between a first medium constituting a protrusion of the protrusion and recess portion and a second medium constituting a recess of the protrusion and recess portion is 0.70 or more. An exit angle range ?out of diffraction light exiting from the protrusion and recess portion when the incident light enters the substrate from a normal direction of the substrate is 60° or more. Total efficiency of diffraction light exiting from the protrusion and recess portion in the exit angle range is 65% or more.

Abstract: To provide a diffractive optical element having a high light utilization efficiency, whereby light spots having a predetermined pattern can be stably formed, a projection device and a measuring device.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element includes: a substrate; a protrusion and recess portion that is formed on one surface of the substrate and imposes predetermined diffraction on incident light; and an antireflection layer provided between the substrate and the protrusion and recess portion. An effective refractive index difference ?n in a wavelength range of the incident light between a first medium constituting a protrusion of the protrusion and recess portion and a second medium constituting a recess of the protrusion and recess portion is 0.70 or more. An exit angle range ?out of diffraction light exiting from the protrusion and recess portion when the incident light enters the substrate from a normal direction of the substrate is 60° or more. Total efficiency of diffraction light exiting from the protrusion and recess portion in the exit angle range is 65% or more.

Abstract: When a driving assist ECU determines that a mistaken pedal operation has occurred, it starts an automatic brake control, and thereafter, ends the automatic brake control when a steering operation rate ? is greater than a threshold ?f (?>?f). Whereas, when the ECU determines that the mistaken pedal operation has not occurred, it performs a steering override control and does not perform the automatic brake control, when a steering operation amount ? is greater than a threshold ?e or when the steering operation rate ? is greater than the threshold.

Abstract: When a collision avoidance target is a pedestrian or a bicycle, a driving assistance ECU performs automatic braking control. In this case, accelerator override cannot be performed. When the collision avoidance target is an automobile and when an accelerator operation amount is equal to or larger than a first operation amount threshold, the driving assistance ECU prohibits the automatic braking control. In this case, the accelerator override can be performed. When the accelerator operation amount is smaller than the first operation amount threshold, the driving assistance ECU performs the automatic braking control.

Abstract: When a collision avoidance target is a pedestrian or a bicycle, a driving assistance ECU performs automatic braking control. In this case, accelerator override cannot be performed. When the collision avoidance target is an automobile and when an accelerator operation amount is equal to or larger than a first operation amount threshold, the driving assistance ECU prohibits the automatic braking control. In this case, the accelerator override can be performed. When the accelerator operation amount is smaller than the first operation amount threshold, the driving assistance ECU performs the automatic braking control.

Abstract: The vehicle moving control apparatus executes a following moving control to execute a target acceleration setting process and a following acceleration/deceleration process. The vehicle moving control apparatus corrects a target acceleration set by the target acceleration setting process to increase when the following moving control is executed, the target acceleration larger than zero is set by the target acceleration setting process, and an acceleration of an own vehicle is smaller than a predetermined threshold. The vehicle moving control apparatus stops the following acceleration/deceleration process and starts the steering avoidance control when a steering avoidance condition becomes satisfied as the following moving control is executed. The vehicle moving control apparatus limits the target acceleration to a value smaller than or equal to a predetermined acceleration when the steering avoidance control is stopped, and the following acceleration/deceleration process is restarted.

Abstract: A vehicle driving assist apparatus acquires a longitudinal distance between an own vehicle and an oncoming vehicle, and a lateral distance between the own vehicle and the oncoming vehicle. The vehicle driving assist apparatus acquires a collision index value which decreases as a ratio of the longitudinal distance to the lateral distance decreases and determine that the own vehicle potentially collides with the oncoming vehicle when a turning condition is satisfied, and a collision condition is satisfied. The turning condition is a condition that the own vehicle turns, crossing an oncoming traffic lane. The collision condition is a condition that the collision index value is within a predetermined index value range. The predetermined index value range at least includes the collision index value acquired when the longitudinal distance is equal to the lateral distance.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element includes a unit structure periodically arranged in a first direction and configured to diffract incident light in the first direction. The diffractive optical element has a phase pattern designed such that an angular separation between an outermost diffracted light beam and a second-outermost diffracted light beam along the first direction is smaller than the divergence angle of the incident light.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element includes: a diffraction unit; and a lens unit disposed on a light incident side of the diffraction unit. The lens unit includes: a substrate; and a protrusion and recess portion disposed on a side opposite to a light incident side of the substrate. The protrusion and recess portion includes: a periodic structure of a relief-protrusion portion disposed in a central part, a periodic structure of a stepwise grating disposed in a central part simulating the relief-protrusion portion, or a combination thereof; and a grating disposed in a portion other than the central part. The number of steps of the stepwise grating disposed in the central part is larger than the number of steps of the grating disposed in the portion other than the central part.

Abstract: A driving assist apparatus executes an autonomous braking control when a predetermined autonomous stop condition becomes satisfied, executes a stopped state keeping control to keep the own vehicle stopped after stopping the own vehicle by the autonomous braking control, and terminates executing the stopped state keeping control when a predetermined stopped state keeping termination condition becomes satisfied while executing the stopped state keeping control. The driving assist apparatus executes a driving force limitation control to limit a driving force generated to move the own vehicle to a value smaller than the driving force which depends on an amount of operating the acceleration pedal when determining that the predetermined stopped state keeping termination condition is satisfied, and a mistaken pressing operation occurs. The mistaken pressing operation is an operation performed by a driver to mistakenly press an acceleration pedal with an intention to press a brake pedal.

Abstract: When a driving assist ECU determines that a mistaken pedal operation has occurred, it starts an automatic brake control, and thereafter, ends the automatic brake control when a steering operation rate ? is greater than a threshold ?f (?>?f). Whereas, when the ECU determines that the mistaken pedal operation has not occurred, it performs a steering override control and does not perform the automatic brake control, when a steering operation amount ? is greater than a threshold ?e or when the steering operation rate ? is greater than the threshold.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element includes: a substrate; a protrusion and recess portion that is formed on one surface of the substrate and imposes predetermined diffraction on incident light; and an antireflection layer provided between the substrate and the protrusion and recess portion. An effective refractive index difference ?n in a wavelength range of the incident light between a first medium constituting a protrusion of the protrusion and recess portion and a second medium constituting a recess of the protrusion and recess portion is 0.70 or more. An exit angle range ?out of diffraction light exiting from the protrusion and recess portion when the incident light enters the substrate from a normal direction of the substrate is 60° or more. Total efficiency of diffraction light exiting from the protrusion and recess portion in the exit angle range is 65% or more.

Abstract: When a collision avoidance target is a pedestrian or a bicycle, a driving assistance ECU performs automatic braking control. In this case, accelerator override cannot be performed. When the collision avoidance target is an automobile and when an accelerator operation amount is equal to or larger than a first operation amount threshold, the driving assistance ECU prohibits the automatic braking control. In this case, the accelerator override can be performed. When the accelerator operation amount is smaller than the first operation amount threshold, the driving assistance ECU performs the automatic braking control.

Abstract: A vehicle driving assist apparatus acquires a longitudinal distance between an own vehicle and an oncoming vehicle, and a lateral distance between the own vehicle and the oncoming vehicle. The vehicle driving assist apparatus acquires a collision index value which decreases as a ratio of the longitudinal distance to the lateral distance decreases and determine that the own vehicle potentially collides with the oncoming vehicle when a turning condition is satisfied, and a collision condition is satisfied. The turning condition is a condition that the own vehicle turns, crossing an oncoming traffic lane. The collision condition is a condition that the collision index value is within a predetermined index value range. The predetermined index value range at least includes the collision index value acquired when the longitudinal distance is equal to the lateral distance.