Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a gas discharge panel, where the conversion efficiency of discharge energy into visible rays and the panel brightness are improved, with the color purity being improved as far as possible. To achieve this object, in a gas discharge panel, the pressure of discharge gas is set in a range of 800-4000 Torr, that is higher than a conventional gas pressure. Also, a rare gas mixture including helium, neon, xenon, and argon is used as discharge gas charged into discharge spaces, instead of conventional discharge gas. Here, it is preferable that the proportion of Xe is set to 5% by volume or less, that of Ar 0.5% by volume or less, and that of He under 55% by volume. With this rare gas mixture, the light-emission efficiency is improved, with the firing voltage being suppressed.

Abstract: A surface-discharge type display device is provided that can reduce power consumption during sustain discharge and suppress the occurrence of illumination failures. A display electrode and a display scan electrode are aligned on a substrate, and a dielectric layer is formed on the substrate so as to cover the display electrode and the display scan electrode. An area having a lower relative permittivity than the dielectric layer is formed in an area surrounded on three sides by the display electrode, the display scan electrode, and the substrate. The dielectric layer allows sufficient wall charges for surface discharge to be accumulated, whereas the lower relative permittivity area allows the capacitance between the display electrode and the display scan electrode to be decreased. Accordingly, the power consumption during sustain discharge is reduced without causing illumination failures.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for manufacturing an electron gun. A beam spot coefficient is obtained from an electrostatic lens magnification and a spherical aberration coefficient of a set resistance distribution. Then, a first process loop is executed to select another resistance distribution that provides an approximate minimum value of the beam spot coefficient. It is then determined whether the beam spot coefficient is an approximate minimum value. The first process loop is repeatedly executed until the beam spot coefficient is determined to be equal to the approximate minimum value. At this point, a second process loop is executed to confirm the minimum value of the beam spot coefficient using an aberration-independent function that is dependent upon the electrostatic lens magnification and is not dependent upon the spherical aberration coefficient.

Abstract: A PDP does not suffer from dielectric breakdown even though a dielectric layer is thin, with the problems of conventional PDPs, such as cracks appearing in the glass substrates during the production of the PDP being avoided. To do so, the surface of silver electrodes of the PDP is coated with a 0.1-10 .mu.m layer of a metallic oxide on whose surface OH groups exist, such as ZnO, ZrO.sub.2, MgO, TiO.sub.2, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, and Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3. The metallic oxide layer is then coated with the dielectric layer. It is preferable to form the metallic oxide layer with the CVD method. The surface of a metallic electrode can be coated with a metallic oxide, which is than coated with a dielectric layer. The dielectric layer can be made of a metallic oxide with a vacuum process method or the plasma thermal spraying method. The dielectric layer formed on electrodes with the CVD method is remarkably thin and flawless.

Abstract: The first object of the present invention is to provide a PDP with improved panel brightness which is achieved by improving the efficiency in conversion from discharge energy to visible rays. The second object of the present invention is to provide a PDP with improved panel life which is achieved by improving the protecting layer protecting the dielectrics glass layer. To achieve the first object, the present invention sets the amount of xenon in the discharge gas to the range of 10% by volume to less than 100% by volume, and sets the charging pressure for the discharge gas to the range of 500 to 760 Torr which is higher than conventional charging pressures. With such construction, the panel brightness increases. Also, to achieve the second object, the present invention has, on the surface of the dielectric glass layer, a protecting layer consisting of an alkaline earth oxide with (100)-face or (110)-face orientation.

Abstract: The first object of the present invention is to provide a PDP with improved panel brightness which is achieved by improving the efficiency in conversion from discharge energy to visible rays. The second object of the present invention is to provide a PDP with improved panel life which is achieved by improving the protecting layer protecting the dielectrics glass layer. To achieve the first object, the present invention sets the amount of xenon in the discharge gas to the range of 10% by volume to less than 100% by volume, and sets the charging pressure for the discharge gas to the range of 500 to 760Torr which is higher than conventional charging pressures. With such construction, the panel brightness increases. Also, to achieve the second object, the present invention has, on the surface of the dielectrics glass layer, a protecting layer consisting of an alkaline earth oxide with (100)-face or (110)-face orientation.

Abstract: Both side walls in a periodic magnetic lens device which are arranged in parallel with a planar fluorescent display surface and which define therebetween electron beam paths for guiding electron beams are formed in a shape which is concave-curved, and accordingly, the guide paths have a cross-sectional shape which is substantially rotationally symmetric in order to increase the possible travel distance of an electron beam.

Abstract: A buckle has a pair of side flange portions interconnected in spaced relation by a plurality of transverse bars. A first anchoring bar and a second anchoring bar are held in spaced partially superimposed relation to each other to define therebetween a substantially "Z"-like path for wrapping therearound a web-like material or a belt. The belt is thereby firmly secured in place relative to the buckle after its length has been adjusted.

Abstract: An electron source includes: linear thermionic cathodes for emitting electron beams; an electron beam lead-out electrode which is disposed substantially in a parallel relationship with the linear thermionic cathodes and is formed with apertures for passing the electron beams therethrough; and a plurality of support members for supporting the linear thermionic cathodes each of which has a contact portion held in contact with at least a portion of the linear thermionic cathodes; wherein each of the apertures of the elctron beam lead-out electrodes is disposed so as to confront the contact portion of the support member.

Abstract: In a planar type display device, deterioration of the picture quality caused by distortion of laminated electrodes due to temperature rise in use is prevented by laminating the electrodes having such a structure that each electrode plate is free from expansion and contract by thermal expansion. Securing means spacers 23 thicker slightly than electrode plates are inserted in holes of the electrode plates 21a to 21e, securing means pin 24 is passed therethrough holding electrode plate spacers 22 therebetween, forming laminated electrode group 5. Since the respective electrode plates have slight gaps in a thickness direction and the electrode plates are free from expansion and contraction and do not distorted at the time of thermal expansion.

Abstract: A flat tube display apparatus wherein a row of many electron beam generators is arranged transversely in a thin flat vacuum tube body to generate a number of beams in parallel with each other which travel in parallel with an image screen and to deflect the beams toward the image screen at a predetermined position. The beams are guided without being widely diverged due to the provision of a number of side walls arranged in parallel with each other to confine beams and due to the provision of alternately strong and weak magnetic fields along the side walls. Image brightness can be further increased by a frit-glass-laminated structure of a multiplier or microchannel.

Abstract: An image display device includes comb-shaped horizontal deflection electrodes disposed interleavingly in a first plane with a space therebetween for forming electron beam passages and comb-shaped vertical deflection electrodes disposed interleavingly in a second plane adjacent and parallel to the first plane. The capacitance between the horizontal deflection electrode confronting the vertical deflection electrodes and the capacitance between the horizontal deflection electrode confronting the vertical deflection electrode are made equal to each other. Also, the capacitance of the vertical deflection electrode confronting the horizontal deflection electrodes and the capacitance of the vertical deflection electrode confronting the horizontal deflection electrodes are made equal to each other, whereby the voltage effect induced by the other deflection electrode can be canceled and a good quality image can be obtained.

Abstract: A wire shaped electron source includes a heating core wire, an insulator partially provided on the heating core wire, and an electron emission material provided on the heating core between the insulators. The thickness of the electron emission material is less than the height of the insulators. When the wire shape electron source is installed in a flat panel display device, the insulator prevents the electron emission material from vibrating thus preventing any contact with the inner wall of the flat panel display device.

Abstract: A flat panel display device includes a face plate made of a transparent material, a back plate positioned parallel to the face plate, and a wall member extending between the face plate and back plate to define an airtight housing. An anode is provided on a inner surface of the face plate, a fluorescent layer is provided in association with the anode, and a cathode is provided in association with an inner surface of the back plate. A plurality of struts, made of an electrically conductive screen printed powdery material, are tightly held between the back plate and the face plate, such that an electric charge accumulated between the anode and cathode is discharged by a leakage current flowing through the struts.

Abstract: An electron gun for a color-picture tube includes adjacent low and high potential electrodes composing an electron lens, which electrodes have electron beam path holes horizonally formed with electric-field correcting members or raised portions. According to this construction, vertical equipotential lines are projected into the electrode so that the low potential electrode adds to electron beams a vertical focusing effect more strongly than a horizontal one and the high potential electrode adds to electron beams a vertical divergent effect more strongly than a horizontal one. The section of the electron beam in a deflection region has an ellipse shape whose major axis extends horizontally, resulting in suppressing a halo portion on the screen. The electron beam is properly focused horizontally and vertically so that the electron beam spot has a circular shape on the center of a screen.

Abstract: A method for generating rules for an expert system for use in controlling operation of a plant is provided. In this method, an analysis by Quantification Theory I or II is made on operating data offered by an operator in a plant, whereby the relationship between the operator's manipulated value of operating data and the operator's controlled value of operating data is analyzed. The results of the analysis are then integrated to generate a rule for controlling operation of the plant.

Abstract: In a color picture tube in which a shadow mask is placed close to a phosphor screen inside an envelope which has an oblong-shaped panel, the shadow mask is supported at the four corners of the panel by plate spring members. The spring members are each constructed from a 1st member which is fixed so that it is easily mounted on and dismounted from the stud pins on the panel and a 2nd member which is welded to the mask frame of the shadow mask. These members are incorporated as one by face-welding together at their ends. In this type of spring member structure, the members work together to alleviate the bending deformation which is applied to the members through the repeated mounting of the shadow mask panel which accompanies production.