Abstract: A method may produce (2-methoxyethyl) vinyl ether with a high purity from 2-methoxyethanol and acetylene. Such a method may include the A1, A2, and A3: (A1) synthesizing a vinyl ether including causing 2-methoxyethanol to react with acetylene to obtain a mixture containing unreacted 2-methoxyethanol and (2-methoxyethyl) vinyl ether; (A2) acetalizing including causing a reaction of the unreacted 2-methoxyethanol and the (2-methoxyethyl) vinyl ether in the mixture in the presence of an acid catalyst to be converted into acetaldehyde bis(2-methoxyethyl)acetal; and (A3) removing the acetaldehyde bis(2-methoxyethyl)acetal by distillation from an acetal-containing mixture obtained in step A2.

Abstract: A method of controlling a piezoelectric driving apparatus including a vibration section that has a piezoelectric element and a transmission section that transmits vibration of the vibration section to a driven body, and, by energization of the piezoelectric element, vibrates the vibration section in a combination of longitudinal vibration and bending vibration to cause the transmission section to perform an elliptical motion and to move the driven body by the elliptical motion, the method of controlling the piezoelectric driving apparatus including switching, according to an external force received by the driven body, a drive algorithm of the piezoelectric driving apparatus between a first drive mode in which a separation amplitude, which is an amplitude of the longitudinal vibration, is changed while a feed amplitude, which is an amplitude of the bending vibration, is constant and a second drive mode in which both the feed amplitude and the separation amplitude are changed.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a read and write (RW) parameter adjustment method includes changing conditions of RW parameters to determine a capacity and characteristics for each of various heads of a test device to measure the characteristics and creating, for each of the heads, a database in which the measured characteristics are registered, and changing the conditions of the RW parameters for each of heads of a device to be adjusted to measure characteristics, searching the database created for each of the heads for a database having similar characteristics, and setting the capacity and characteristics in an appropriate balance based on the similar characteristics of the database obtained by the searching.

Abstract: A film-forming material of the present invention contains an oxyfluoride of yttrium represented by YOXFY (X and Y are numbers satisfying 0<X and X<Y) and YF3, wherein a ratio I2/I1 of a peak height I2 of the (020) plane of YF3 to a peak height I1 of the main peak of YOXFY as analyzed by XRD is from 0.005 to 100. It is preferable that a ratio I4/I1 of a peak height I4 of the main peak of Y2O3 to the peak height I1 of the main peak of YOXFY as analyzed by XRD is 0.01 or less.

Abstract: A material for cold spraying contains a powder of a compound of a rare earth element with a specific surface area of 30 m2/g or more as determined by a BET single-point method. The powder preferably has a volume of pores with a pore size of 3 to 20 nm of 0.08 cm3/g or more as determined by a gas absorption method. The powder also preferably has a crystallite diameter of 25 nm or less. The powder also preferably has a repose angle of from 10 to 60°. In the L*a*b* color system, the powder also preferably has a value L of 85 or more, a value a of from ?0.7 to 0.7, and a value b of from ?1 to 2.5.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a read and write (RW) parameter adjustment method includes changing conditions of RW parameters to determine a capacity and characteristics for each of various heads of a test device to measure the characteristics and creating, for each of the heads, a database in which the measured characteristics are registered, and changing the conditions of the RW parameters for each of heads of a device to be adjusted to measure characteristics, searching the database created for each of the heads for a database having similar characteristics, and setting the capacity and characteristics in an appropriate balance based on the similar characteristics of the database obtained by the searching.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a side erase measuring method includes selecting one center track, and a plurality of target sectors, selecting a bit error rate (BER) measuring sector to measure a BER from the target sectors in the peripheral tracks such that sectors differ between adjacent peripheral tracks, counting a center track write number, and measuring BER in the BER measuring sector per a predetermined number of the center track write number.

Abstract: A reading apparatus includes a reading part that reads information of a document, a housing that accommodates the reading part, a document feeding port feed the document therethrough, and a cover member that is disposed on the housing and is displaceable to an open position at which the document feeding port is opened and a closed position at which the document feeding port is closed, wherein the cover member includes an opening and closing end portion on an upstream side in a transport direction of the document, the housing includes a facing portion that is a portion facing a bottom surface of the opening and closing end portion when the cover member is at the closed position, and a gap through which the document passes is formed between a part or the whole of the bottom surface of the opening and closing end portion and the facing portion.

Abstract: A coating material containing an oxyfluoride of yttrium and having a Fisher diameter of 1.0 to 10 ?m and a tap density TD to apparent density AD ratio, TD/AD, of 1.6 to 3.5. The coating material preferably has a pore volume of pores with a diameter of 100 ?m or smaller of 1.0 cm3/g or less as measured by mercury intrusion porosimetry. A coating containing an oxyfluoride of yttrium and having a Vickers hardness of 200 HV0.01 or higher. The coating preferably has a fracture toughness of 1.0×102 Pa·m1/2 or higher.

Abstract: A method of controlling a piezoelectric driving apparatus including a vibration section that has a piezoelectric element and a transmission section that transmits vibration of the vibration section to a driven body, and, by energization of the piezoelectric element, vibrates the vibration section in a combination of longitudinal vibration and bending vibration to cause the transmission section to perform an elliptical motion and to move the driven body by the elliptical motion, the method of controlling the piezoelectric driving apparatus including switching, according to an external force received by the driven body, a drive algorithm of the piezoelectric driving apparatus between a first drive mode in which a separation amplitude, which is an amplitude of the longitudinal vibration, is changed while a feed amplitude, which is an amplitude of the bending vibration, is constant and a second drive mode in which both the feed amplitude and the separation amplitude are changed.

Abstract: A control method of a robot, the robot including a first member, a second member connected to the first member, a drive device configured to rotate or slide the second member with respect to the first member, and an end effector connected to the second member, wherein posture of the end effector is changed by drive of the drive device, the robot control method includes detecting, based on an output signal from an inertial sensor disposed on the end effector, a gravity influence amount indicating a degree of influence of gravity received by the end effector, determining, based on the detected gravity influence amount, a drive algorithm for the drive device from among a plurality of drive modes, and driving the drive device by the determined drive algorithm.

Abstract: A film-forming material of the present invention contains an oxyfluoride of yttrium represented by YOFY (X and Y are numbers satisfying 0<X and X<Y) and YF3, wherein a ratio I2/I1 of a peak height I2 of the (020) plane of YF3 to a peak height I1 of the main peak of YOXFY as analyzed by XRD is from 0.005 to 100. It is preferable that a ratio I4/I1 of a peak height I4 of the main peak of Y2O3 to the peak height I1 of the main peak of YOXFY as analyzed by XRD is 0.01 or less.

Abstract: A recording device includes an imaging module that reads a sheet placed in a reading position, a placement surface at which the sheet is placed, a first guide surface that guides an edge in the width direction of the sheet placed on the placement surface, and a nip roller pair that nips the sheet on the placement surface to transport the sheet to the reading position. The placement surface includes a first placement surface including the reading position, and a second placement surface not including the reading position, and the first placement surface, the first guide surface, and the nip roller pair move in an integrated manner.

Abstract: A coating material containing an oxyfluoride of yttrium and having a Fisher diameter of 1.0 to 10 ?m and a tap density TD to apparent density AD ratio, TD/AD, of 1.6 to 3.5. The coating material preferably has a pore volume of pores with a diameter of 100 ?m or smaller of 1.0 cm3/g or less as measured by mercury intrusion porosimetry. A coating containing an oxyfluoride of yttrium and having a Vickers hardness of 200 HV0.01 or higher. The coating preferably has a fracture toughness of 1.0×102 Pa·m1/2 or higher.

Abstract: A control method for a piezoelectric drive device includes a piezoelectric vibrator having a vibrating portion and a distal end portion coupled to the vibrating portion, in which the distal end portion makes elliptic motion by a stretching vibration and a flexural vibration of the vibrating portion, a driven member driven by the elliptic motion of the distal end portion, and a drive signal generation circuit outputting a stretching vibration drive signal that generates the stretching vibration and a flexural vibration drive signal that generates the flexural vibration in the piezoelectric vibrator, and the method includes, when the driven member is stopped, superimposing and outputting a modulation signal for amplitude modification on the stretching vibration drive signal by the drive signal generation circuit.

Abstract: The present invention relates a coating powder comprising a rare earth oxyfluoride (Ln-O—F) and having: an average particle size (D50) of 0.1 to 10 ?m, a pore volume of pores having a diameter of 10 ?m or smaller of 0.1 to 0.5 cm3/g as measured by mercury intrusion porosimetry, and a ratio of the maximum peak intensity (S0) assigned to a rare earth oxide (LnxOy) in the 2? angle range of from 20° to 40° to the maximum peak intensity (S1) assigned to the rare earth oxyfluoride (Ln-O—F) in the same range, S0/S1, of 1.0 or smaller in powder X-ray diffractometry using Cu-K? rays or Cu-K?1 rays.

Abstract: A coating material containing an oxyfluoride of yttrium and having a Fisher diameter of 1.0 to 10 ?m and a tap density TD to apparent density AD ratio, TD/AD, of 1.6 to 3.5. The coating material preferably has a pore volume of pores with a diameter of 100 ?m or smaller of 1.0 cm3/g or less as measured by mercury intrusion porosimetry. A coating containing an oxyfluoride of yttrium and having a Vickers hardness of 200 HV0.01 or higher. The coating preferably has a fracture toughness of 1.0×102 Pa·m1/2 or higher.

Abstract: A material for cold spraying contains a powder of a compound of a rare earth element with a specific surface area of 30 m2/g or more as determined by a BET single-point method. The powder preferably has a volume of pores with a pore size of 3 to 20 nm of 0.08 cm3/g or more as determined by a gas absorption method. The powder also preferably has a crystallite diameter of 25 nm or less. The powder also preferably has a repose angle of from 10 to 60°. In the L*a*b* color system, the powder also preferably has a value L of 85 or more, a value a of from ?0.7 to 0.7, and a value b of from ?1 to 2.5.

Abstract: A recording device includes an imaging module that reads a sheet placed in a reading position, a placement surface at which the sheet is placed, a first guide surface that guides an edge in the width direction of the sheet placed on the placement surface, and a nip roller pair that nips the sheet on the placement surface to transport the sheet to the reading position. The placement surface includes a first placement surface including the reading position, and a second placement surface not including the reading position, and the first placement surface, the first guide surface, and the nip roller pair move in an integrated manner.

Abstract: A post-processing device including a stapler includes a restraint mechanism that restrains the stapler so that the stapler does not deviate from an initial position when a covering part is opened and a restraint release mechanism that, when the covering part is closed, releases restraint of the stapler by the restraint mechanism.