Abstract: A method of manufacturing a tubular carbon molecule capable of regularly aligning a carbon nanotube with a finer spacing is provided. A catalyst is arranged on a material substrate (10) made of a semiconductor such as silicon (Si) and including iron (Fe) as a catalyst through the use of melting according to a modulated heat distribution (11). The heat distribution (11) is formed, for example, through diffracting an energy beam (12) by a diffraction grating (13). As a method of arranging the catalyst, for example, iron may be deposited in a planar shape or a projection shape in a position corresponding to the heat distribution (11), or the deposited iron may be used as a master to be transferred to another substrate. A carbon nanotube is grown through the use of the arranged catalyst. The grown carbon nanotube can be used as a recording apparatus, a field electron emission device, an FED or the like.

Abstract: A transparent conductive film includes: a film base that is light transmissive, a carbon nanotube layer provided on the film base, and a metal oxide layer that is light transmissive and is deposited on the carbon nanotube layer, the metal oxide layer being provided with cracks.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a tubular carbon molecule capable of regularly aligning a carbon nanotube with a finer spacing is provided. A catalyst is arranged on a material substrate (10) made of a semiconductor such as silicon (Si) and including iron (Fe) as a catalyst through the use of melting according to a modulated heat distribution (11). The heat distribution (11) is formed, for example, through diffracting an energy beam (12) by a diffraction grating (13). As a method of arranging the catalyst, for example, iron may be deposited in a planar shape or a projection shape in a position corresponding to the heat distribution (11), or the deposited iron may be used as a master to be transferred to another substrate. A carbon nanotube is grown through the use of the arranged catalyst. The grown carbon nanotube can be used as a recording apparatus, a field electron emission device, an FED or the like.

Abstract: A microelectronic device and a method for producing the device can overcome the disadvantages of known electronic devices composed of carbon molecules, and can deliver performance superior to the known devices. An insulated-gate field-effect transistor includes a multi-walled carbon nanotube (10) having an outer semiconductive carbon nanotube layer (1) and an inner metallic carbon nanotube layer (2) that is partially covered by the outer semiconductive carbon nanotube layer (1). A metal source electrode (3) and a metal drain electrode (5) are brought into contact with both ends of the semiconductive carbon nanotube layer (1) while a metal gate electrode (4) is brought into contact with the metallic carbon nanotube layer (2). The space between the semiconductive carbon nanotube layer (1) and the metallic carbon nanotube layer (2) is used as a gate insulating layer.

Abstract: A microelectronic device and a method for producing the device can overcome the disadvantages of known electronic devices composed of carbon molecules, and can deliver performance superior to the known devices. An insulated-gate field-effect transistor includes a multi-walled carbon nanotube (10) having an outer semiconductive carbon nanotube layer (1) and an inner metallic carbon nanotube layer (2) that is partially covered by the outer semiconductive carbon nanotube layer (1). A metal source electrode (3) and a metal drain electrode (5) are brought into contact with both ends of the semiconductive carbon nanotube layer (1) while a metal gate electrode (4) is brought into contact with the metallic carbon nanotube layer (2). The space between the semiconductive carbon nanotube layer (1) and the metallic carbon nanotube layer (2) is used as a gate insulating layer.

Abstract: A functional device which is composed of a nanometer-sized functional structure, which can reduce connection resistance in connecting the functional structure to an external electrode, and which includes a wiring section capable of minimizing constraints given to structural designs of various functional structures, and a method of manufacturing it are provided. A functional device in which a functional structure having contained sections in positions spaced from each other is retained by a carbon nanotube. A gap is formed in the carbon nanotube, and the carbon nanotube is segmented into a first carbon nanotube and a second carbon nanotube by the gap. One of the contained sections is contained in the first carbon nanotube at an opening of the first carbon nanotube facing the gap, and the other of the contained sections is contained in the second carbon nanotube at an opening of the second carbon nanotube facing the gap.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a tubular carbon molecule capable of regularly aligning a carbon nanotube with a finer spacing is provided. A catalyst is arranged on a material substrate (10) made of a semiconductor such as silicon (Si) and including iron (Fe) as a catalyst through the use of melting according to a modulated heat distribution (11). The heat distribution (11) is formed, for example, through diffracting an energy beam (12) by a diffraction grating (13). As a method of arranging the catalyst, for example, iron may be deposited in a planar shape or a projection shape in a position corresponding to the heat distribution (11), or the deposited iron may be used as a master to be transferred to another substrate. A carbon nanotube is grown through the use of the arranged catalyst. The grown carbon nanotube can be used as a recording apparatus, a field electron emission device, an FED or the like.

Abstract: A microelectronic device and a method for producing the device can overcome the disadvantages of known electronic devices composed of carbon molecules, and can deliver performance superior to the known devices. An insulated-gate field-effect transistor includes a multi-walled carbon nanotube (10) having an outer semiconductive carbon nanotube layer (1) and an inner metallic carbon nanotube layer (2) that is partially covered by the outer semiconductive carbon nanotube layer (1). A metal source electrode (3) and a metal drain electrode (5) are brought into contact with both ends of the semiconductive carbon nanotube layer (1) while a metal gate electrode (4) is brought into contact with the metallic carbon nanotube layer (2). The space between the semiconductive carbon nanotube layer (1) and the metallic carbon nanotube layer (2) is used as a gate insulating layer.

Abstract: A functional device which is composed of a nanometer-sized functional structure, which can reduce connection resistance in connecting the functional structure to an external electrode, and which includes a wiring section capable of minimizing constraints given to structural designs of various functional structures, and a method of manufacturing it are provided. A functional device in which a functional structure having contained sections in positions spaced from each other is retained by a carbon nanotube. A gap is formed in the carbon nanotube, and the carbon nanotube is segmented into a first carbon nanotube and a second carbon nanotube by the gap. One of the contained sections is contained in the first carbon nanotube at an opening of the first carbon nanotube facing the gap, and the other of the contained sections is contained in the second carbon nanotube at an opening of the second carbon nanotube facing the gap.

Abstract: A microelectronic device and a method for producing the device can overcome the disadvantages of known electronic devices composed of carbon molecules, and can deliver performance superior to the known devices. An insulated-gate field-effect transistor includes a multi-walled carbon nanotube (10) having an outer semiconductive carbon nanotube layer (1) and an inner metallic carbon nanotube layer (2) that is partially covered by the outer semiconductive carbon nanotube layer (1). A metal source electrode (3) and a metal drain electrode (5) are brought into contact with both ends of the semiconductive carbon nanotube layer (1) while a metal gate electrode (4) is brought into contact with the metallic carbon nanotube layer (2). The space between the semiconductive carbon nanotube layer (1) and the metallic carbon nanotube layer (2) is used as a gate insulating layer.

Abstract: An electrical energy generating device which is able to supply oxygen in atmospheric air efficiently to an oxygen electrode and to vaporize water yielded off efficiently, and which has superior waterproof characteristic. The device includes a number of cells each having a hydrogen electrode plate, a proton conductor film and an oxygen electrode plate, and a sheet cover 5 which is air-permeable and waterproofed and which shrouds each cell.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus for producing hydrogen and a method for producing hydrogen which effectively produce hydrogen in the low humidity atmosphere without humidifier or dehumidifier, and an electrochemistry device and a method for generating electrochemistry energy which generate electrochemistry energy by an oxidation-reduction reaction using hydrogen. A fullerene derivative where a proton (H+) dissociating group is introduced into a fullerene, is used as a composition material of a proton conductor 3, water is supplied to an anode 1 in a vapor or gas state and is electrolyzed, and produced protons (H+) are conducted to a cathode 2 through the proton conductor 3 and converted into hydrogen here. Moreover, hydrogen produced in such a way is decomposed into protons (H+) at the cathode 2, the protons are conducted to the anode 1 through the proton conductor 3 and converted into water there, and then, electrochemistry energy is extracted between the cathode 2 and the anode 1.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a tubular carbon molecule capable of regularly aligning a carbon nanotube with a finer spacing is provided. A catalyst is arranged on a material substrate (10) made of a semiconductor such as silicon (Si) and including iron (Fe) as a catalyst through the use of melting according to a modulated heat distribution (11). The heat distribution (11) is formed, for example, through diffracting an energy beam (12) by a diffraction grating (13). As a method of arranging the catalyst, for example, iron may be deposited in a planar shape or a projection shape in a position corresponding to the heat distribution (11), or the deposited iron may be used as a master to be transferred to another substrate. A carbon nanotube is grown through the use of the arranged catalyst. The grown carbon nanotube can be used as a recording apparatus, a field electron emission device, an FED or the like.

Abstract: A power generating apparatus includes a proton conductor unit, containing a fullerene derivative, a hydrogen electrode bonded to one surface of the proton conductor unit, an oxygen electrode bonded to the other surface of the proton conductor unit, and a hydrogen gas supplying unit for supplying a hydrogen gas at a pressure of approximately 0.2 to approximately 3.5 atm to the hydrogen electrode. The present power generating apparatus effectively suppresses transmission of hydrogen and oxygen gases so that it is possible to prevent the hydrogen gas from being emitted to atmosphere due to transmission as well as to prevent the oxygen gas from reaching the hydrogen electrode on transmission to prevent the hydrogen gas from being consumed without contributing to power generation.

Abstract: An electrochemical hydrogen flow rate control system is provided. The system has an electrochemical cell and a hydrogen flow rate control unit. The electrochemical cell includes a first electrode for generating protons (H+), a second electrode for converting the protons generated by said first electrode into hydrogen gas, and a proton conductive solid electrolyte membrane held between said first and second electrodes. The hydrogen flow rate control unit is adapted to generate a specific amount of hydrogen gas on the second electrode side. The proton conductive solid electrolyte membrane is made from a fullerene derivative obtained by introducing proton dissociative groups in carbon atoms of fullerene molecules. Such a control system is operable even in a non-humidified atmosphere and at room temperature and is configurable as lightweight and compact in system design.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gas pressure regulator including an electrochemical cell (4) having a first electrode (1) for decomposing gas into ions, a second electrode (2) for converting the ions generated in the first electrode (1) into the gas again and an ion conductor (3) sandwiched in between both the electrodes (1) and (2); and a high pressure vessel (5) disposed in one side of the electrochemical cell (4). In this device, the gas is decomposed into the ions in the first electrode (1). The decomposed ions are allowed to pass through the ion conductor (3) sandwiched in between the first electrode (1) and the second electrode (2) and conducted to the second electrode (2) side. The conducted ions are reconverted into the gas in the second electrode (2).

Abstract: an electrochemical apparatus is provided. The electrochemical apparatus includes a hydrogen manufacturing and preserving device capable of manufacturing hydrogen and compressing and charging the so manufactured hydrogen. The apparatus includes an electrolytic unit for generating a hydrogen gas on electrolysis, a pressurizing unit for compressing the hydrogen gas generated by the electrolytic unit and a charging unit for charging the compressed hydrogen gas to the hydrogen gas tanks. The pressurizing unit operates as a fuel cell unit run reversible on being supplied with the hydrogen gas from the charging unit and with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas.

Abstract: The present invention is relative with a power generating apparatus including a proton conductor unit (6), containing a fullerene derivative, a hydrogen electrode (4) bonded to one surface of the proton conductor unit (6), an oxygen electrode (5) bonded to the other surface of the proton conductor unit (6), and a hydrogen gas supplying unit (2) for supplying a hydrogen gas at a pressure of approximately 0.2 to approximately 3.5 atm to the hydrogen electrode (4). The present power generating apparatus effectively suppresses transmission of hydrogen and oxygen gases so that it is possible to prevent the hydrogen gas from being emitted to atmosphere due to transmission as well as to prevent the oxygen gas from reaching the hydrogen electrode on transmission to prevent the hydrogen gas from being consumed without contributing to power generation.

Abstract: An electrochemical hydrogen flow rate control system is provided. The system has an electrochemical cell and a hydrogen flow rate control unit. The electrochemical cell includes a first electrode for generating protons (H+), a second electrode for converting the protons generated by said first electrode into hydrogen gas, and a proton conductive solid electrolyte membrane held between said first and second electrodes. The hydrogen flow rate control unit is adapted to generate a specific amount of hydrogen gas on the second electrode side. The proton conductive solid electrolyte membrane is made from a fullerene derivative obtained by introducing proton dissociative groups in carbon atoms of fullerene molecules. Such a control system is operable even in a non-humidified atmosphere and at room temperature and is configurable as lightweight and compact in system design.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus for producing hydrogen and a method for producing hydrogen which effectively produce hydrogen in the low humidity atmosphere without humidifier or dehumidifier, and an electrochemistry device and a method for generating electrochemistry energy which generate electrochemistry energy by an oxidation-reduction reaction using hydrogen. A fullerene derivative where a proton (H+) dissociating group is introduced into a fullerene, is used as a composition material of a proton conductor 3, water is supplied to an anode 1 in a vapor or gas state and is electrolyzed, and produced protons (H+) are conducted to a cathode 2 through the proton conductor 3 and converted into hydrogen here. Moreover, hydrogen produced in such a way is decomposed into protons (H+) at the cathode 2, the protons are conducted to the anode 1 through the proton conductor 3 and converted into water there, and then, electrochemistry energy is extracted between the cathode 2 and the anode 1.