Abstract: An X-ray optical system provides selectively a linear X-ray beam and a point X-ray beam while using an X-ray source which generates an X-ray beam having a linear section. When the point X-ray beam is selected, an X-ray intensity per unit area becomes higher. The X-ray optical system has an X-ray source, a parabolic multilayer mirror to which an aperture slit plate is attached, an optical-path selection slit device, a polycapillary optics and an exit-width restriction slit. The polycapillary optics and the exit-width restriction slit are detachably inserted into a path of a parallel beam coming from the parabolic multilayer mirror, and thus they can be removed from the path and a Soller slit and a divergence slit can be inserted instead.

Abstract: Described herein is an X-ray beam conditioning device that has a crystal holder and a motor. The crystal holder supports a first crystal block and a second crystal block, each of which diffracts X-ray by a specific diffraction angle. The motor can rotate the crystal holder around an axis extending at right angles to a plane including an optical axis of X-ray and can support the crystal holder and fixedly supporting the crystal holder at thus rotated position. The crystal holder holds the first and second crystal blocks at such angles to each other that both crystal blocks diffract X-ray. The optical axes of the two crystal blocks can be adjusted, merely by rotating the crystal holder about said axis, namely only one axis.

Abstract: Reciprocal-space mapping measurement of X-ray diffraction requires setting of the measuring range of 2?/? and setting of the measuring range of ?. When the measuring range of ? is designated in absolute angle, the absolute-angle-designated range is converted into a relative-angle-designated range to be acquired; preventing setting of a warped measuring region. When the measuring range of ? is designated in relative angle, it is acquired as it is. For the measuring range of 2?/?, any one of the absolute-angle-designated range and the relative-angle-designated range may be acquired.

Abstract: A method for measuring a pole of a sample, using a reflection method, is effective substantially over all measurement regions ranging from the region of high-tilting-angle ? of a conventional pole measuring to the in-plane diffraction region corresponding to low-tilting-angle ?.

Abstract: Reciprocal-space mapping measurement of X-ray diffraction requires setting of the measuring range of 2&thgr;/&ohgr; and setting of the measuring range of &ohgr;. When the measuring range of &ohgr; is designated in absolute angle, the absolute-angle-designated range is converted into a relative-angle-designated range to be acquired; preventing setting of a warped measuring region. When the measuring range of &ohgr; is designated in relative angle, it is acquired as it is. For the measuring range of 2&thgr;/&ohgr;, any one of the absolute-angle-designated range and the relative-angle-designated range may be acquired.

Abstract: An inputting device, in which a moving control command to a subject to be controlled is formed on a display in an arbitrary direction and the waterproof and the dustproof are provided and whose structure does not have a part sticking out of the surface of the cabinet or has the part sticking out of the surface of the cabinet as small as possible even if it has the sticking out part and whose structure is also simple, is provided. In this, a plane being about parallel to the front surface of the cabinet is defined as an XY plane in an XY orthogonal coordinate system. The inputting device is disposed in an opening part of a cabinet.

Abstract: A wireless communication apparatus includes a first connector for detachably connecting a battery charger to the rechargeable battery and a second connector for detachably connecting an AC adapter. A charge detector detects a connection of the battery charger and an AC adapter detector detects a connection of the AC adapter. A charge controller charges the rechargeable battery when the connection of the AC adapter is detected. A light-emitting indicator is controlled such that the light-emitting indicator lights up in a way different from a normal way depending on the charge detector and the AC adapter detector.

Abstract: On the basis of a preset tilting angle (&agr;) of the sample (S), an incident angle (&ohgr;) of an X-ray with respect to the surface (Sa) of the sample is set to a predetermined position corresponding to the pole measuring position when the sample (Sa) is tilted by the tilting angle (&agr;), by rotating the sample (Sa) about a predetermined axis (&OHgr; axis) passing through a predetermined origin (O). Also, on the basis of the tilting angle (&agr;), an X-ray detector (1) is revolved by an angle (2&thgr;) about the predetermined axis (&OHgr; axis) along a first plane (P1) perpendicular to the predetermined axis (&OHgr; axis) and also revolved by an angle (2&OHgr;102 ) about the origin (O) along a second plane (P2) including the predetermined axis (&OHgr; axis) and perpendicular to the first plane (P1), whereby the X-ray detector (1) is disposed at a predetermined position corresponding to the pole measuring position when the sample (S) is tilted by the tilting angle (&agr;).

Abstract: In order to automatically restore a normal switching position of a relay armature from an accidental OFF switching induced by external impact or the like, the output of the relay is monitored and is applied to a differentiating circuit. A comparator is provided to reflect on and off operations of a main switch. In the event that the output of the relay falls suddenly, the differentiating circuit outputs a pulse to a wave-shaping circuit (e.g., Schmitt trigger). A gate circuit is supplied with the outputs of the wave-shaping circuit and the comparator. The output of the gate circuit momentarily allows a relay driver to actuate the relay in response to the undesired change in relay status, and hence the relay armature resumes ON switching position.