Abstract: A battery state detection device including a battery post terminal, a case accommodating a circuit board including a current sensing circuit that senses a current by being electrically connected to the battery post terminal, and a harness connection part provided on the case, the harness connection part being capable of having a harness connected thereto, in which the battery post terminal includes a holding part held on one of faces of the case, and an insert part provided in a region from the holding part along a face adjacent to the one of the faces of the case, the battery post terminal contacts the case via at least two faces, the two faces including the one of the faces and the face adjacent to the one of the faces, and the case includes a fitting part, the fitting part being adapted to fit around the insert part by accommodating the insert part.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes: an isolation circuit board; a semiconductor chip provided on one main surface of the isolation circuit board; a first external terminal having a main surface and including a first snubber connecting portion rising from the main surface of the first external terminal, the first external terminal being electrically connected to the semiconductor chip; a second external terminal placed adjacent to the first external terminal, having a main surface facing the same direction as the main surface of the first external terminal, and including a second snubber connecting portion rising from the main surface of the second external terminal, the second external terminal being electrically connected to the semiconductor chip; and a capacitor having one end connected to the first snubber connecting portion and the other end connected to the second snubber connecting portion

Abstract: A measurement apparatus includes a laser apparatus, a branching part that branches a frequency-modulated laser beam output by the laser apparatus into a reference light and a measurement light; a beat signal generation part that generates a beat signal by mixing a reflected light and the reference light, a conversion part that converts the beat signal into a digital signal at a first sampling rate and frequency-analyses it, an extraction part that extracts a signal component corresponding to a cavity frequency from the frequency-modulated laser beam, a digital filter that digitally filters the extracted signal component at a second sampling rate; and a calculation part that calculates a difference in a propagation distance between the reference light and the measurement light.

Abstract: A measurement apparatus includes a laser apparatus, a branching part that splits a laser beam into reference light and measurement light, a condensing part that condenses the measurement light onto an object to be measured, a control part that adjust a focal position where the condensing part condenses the measurement light, and a distance calculation part that calculates distance to the object to be measured on the basis of an optical path difference between the reference light and the measurement light, wherein the condensing part includes a first lens and a correspondence calculation part that calculates a correspondence between a focal position of the condensing part and a position of the first lens on the basis of a position of the first lens and a distance to the object to be measured.

Abstract: An image pickup apparatus that is capable of improving measurement accuracy and measurement workability of an optical measurement apparatus, an optical measurement apparatus including the image pickup apparatus, and a measurement system. An image pickup apparatus according to an embodiment includes a base section, a beam splitter, and an image pickup section. The base is configured to detachably attach to an optical measurement apparatus including an optical projection system configured to project an image of a subject on a screen. The beam splitter is disposed on an optical axis of the optical projection system upon attachment of the base to the optical measurement apparatus. The image pickup circuitry includes an image pickup device configured to receive light generated through splitting at the beam splitter and is configured to take an image of the subject upon attachment of the base.

Abstract: A measurement apparatus includes a laser apparatus, a branching part that branches a frequency-modulated laser beam output by the laser apparatus into a reference light and a measurement light; a beat signal generation part that generates a beat signal by mixing a reflected light and the reference light, a conversion part that converts the beat signal into a digital signal at a first sampling rate and frequency-analyses it, an extraction part that extracts a signal component corresponding to a cavity frequency from the frequency-modulated laser beam, a digital filter that digitally filters the extracted signal component at a second sampling rate; and a calculation part that calculates a difference in a propagation distance between the reference light and the measurement light.

Abstract: An illumination unit emits a light parallel to a first direction to a measurement space. A light receiving unit outputs a signal indicating a two-dimensional distribution of a light incident on a light receiving surface. An optical system guides the light passing through the measurement space to the light receiving surface. A control unit detects a position of the measurement object in the first direction based on the signal. The light receiving surface is tilted by a predetermined angle around a second direction with respect to a transmission direction of the light. The control unit detects a position where light intensity is changed by a predetermined value in the second direction in the two-dimensional distribution, detects a position where the detected position is located in a third direction, and detects a position where the measurement object is placed in the first direction in the measurement space.

Abstract: An image pickup apparatus that is capable of improving measurement accuracy and measurement workability of an optical measurement apparatus, an optical measurement apparatus including the image pickup apparatus, and a measurement system. An image pickup apparatus according to an embodiment includes a base section, a beam splitter, and an image pickup section. The base is configured to detachably attach to an optical measurement apparatus including an optical projection system configured to project an image of a subject on a screen. The beam splitter is disposed on an optical axis of the optical projection system upon attachment of the base to the optical measurement apparatus. The image pickup circuitry includes an image pickup device configured to receive light generated through splitting at the beam splitter and is configured to take an image of the subject upon attachment of the base.

Abstract: An illumination unit emits a light parallel to a first direction to a measurement space. A light receiving unit outputs a signal indicating a two-dimensional distribution of a light incident on a light receiving surface. An optical system guides the light passing through the measurement space to the light receiving surface. A control unit detects a position of the measurement object in the first direction based on the signal. The light receiving surface is tilted by a predetermined angle around a second direction with respect to a transmission direction of the light. The control unit detects a position where light intensity is changed by a predetermined value in the second direction in the two-dimensional distribution, detects a position where the detected position is located in a third direction, and detects a position where the measurement object is placed in the first direction in the measurement space.

Abstract: A secondary air supply system includes a CPU, a ROM, an air supply pipe, and an air amount adjusting valve. One end of the air supply pipe is connected to an air cleaner box and the other end is connected to an exhaust port. Secondary air in the air cleaner box is supplied to the exhaust port through the air supply pipe. An amount of the secondary air to be supplied from the air supply pipe to the exhaust port is adjusted by the air amount adjusting valve. A target air-fuel ratio depending on a state of the engine is stored in the ROM. The CPU controls the air amount adjusting valve based on the state of the engine so that an air-fuel ratio in the exhaust port is the target air-fuel ratio.

Abstract: A secondary air supply system includes a CPU, a ROM, an air supply pipe, and an air amount adjusting valve. One end of the air supply pipe is connected to an air cleaner box and the other end is connected to an exhaust port. Secondary air in the air cleaner box is supplied to the exhaust port through the air supply pipe. An amount of the secondary air to be supplied from the air supply pipe to the exhaust port is adjusted by the air amount adjusting valve. A target air-fuel ratio depending on a state of the engine is stored in the ROM. The CPU controls the air amount adjusting valve based on the state of the engine so that an air-fuel ratio in the exhaust port is the target air-fuel ratio.

Abstract: A length of a partition of an intake port is set such that the ratio between the length of the partition and the distance between the centers of adjacent intake valves is not less than 0.45 nor more than 0.72. An injector is attached on the upper side of a throttle body. The angle ? at which the injector is attached is set to be not less than 42 degrees nor more than 55 degrees. The injection starting timing of the injector is set within the periods in which the intake valves are closed.

Abstract: In an exhaust system, a first oxygen sensor is attached to an exhaust pipe connected to a standard cylinder in which the amount of injected fuel is the closest to the average of the amounts of fuel injected in a plurality of cylinders. A controller calculates the air-fuel ratio of the standard cylinder based on the value detected by the first oxygen sensor. Then, based on the difference between the calculated air-fuel ratio of the standard cylinder and a predetermined target air-fuel ratio, the amount of correction to the amount of fuel injected in the standard cylinder is determined such that the air-fuel ratio of the standard cylinder is equal to the target air-fuel ratio. Furthermore, based on the amount of correction to the amount of fuel injected in the standard cylinder, the amounts of correction of the other cylinders are determined.

Abstract: An exhaust system includes a first exhaust pipe group, a first catalyst device, and a second exhaust pipe group. A first coupling pipe of the first exhaust pipe group includes spaces in communication with respective first exhaust pipes. A second coupling pipe of the second exhaust pipe group includes spaces in communication with respective second exhaust pipes. The first exhaust pipe group and the second exhaust pipe group are joined such that the respective spaces are opposed to one another, with the first catalyst device interposed therebetween.

Abstract: In an exhaust system, a first oxygen sensor is attached to an exhaust pipe connected to a standard cylinder in which the amount of injected fuel is the closest to the average of the amounts of fuel injected in a plurality of cylinders. A controller calculates the air-fuel ratio of the standard cylinder based on the value detected by the first oxygen sensor. Then, based on the difference between the calculated air-fuel ratio of the standard cylinder and a predetermined target air-fuel ratio, the amount of correction to the amount of fuel injected in the standard cylinder is determined such that the air-fuel ratio of the standard cylinder is equal to the target air-fuel ratio. Furthermore, based on the amount of correction to the amount of fuel injected in the standard cylinder, the amounts of correction of the other cylinders are determined.

Abstract: An exhaust system includes a first exhaust pipe group, a first catalyst device, and a second exhaust pipe group. A first coupling pipe of the first exhaust pipe group includes spaces in communication with respective first exhaust pipes. A second coupling pipe of the second exhaust pipe group includes spaces in communication with respective second exhaust pipes. The first exhaust pipe group and the second exhaust pipe group are joined such that the respective spaces are opposed to one another, with the first catalyst device interposed therebetween.

Abstract: Two embodiments of fuel injection systems for two cycle crankcase compression internal combustion engines that employ two fuel injectors. One fuel injector injects into the combustion chamber while another injects into the induction system of the engine. A simplified regulating system is incorporated so that the first injector receives fuel under a higher pressure than the second injector.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for engines for improving performance and fuel economy. The fuel injector controlled along with an exhaust port timing control mechanism so that fuel injected into the engine will not pass out of the exhaust port under most engine running conditions. The invention is disclosed particularly in conjunction with a two cycle crankcase compression engine wherein it has particular utility. The timing of the opening and closing of the exhaust port is changed by means of an exhaust control valve that obstructs the exhaust port under certain running conditions so as to delay its opening and closing.

Abstract: A fuel injection system and control for a two cycle crankcase compression internal combustion engine wherein air and fuel are directly injected into the combustion chamber of the engine and the idle speed is maintained constant by varying the timing of fuel injection. Fine tuning of the idle speed is further accomplished by changing the duration of fuel injection under certain conditions.