Abstract: A charging apparatus for charging of electric vehicles is provided. The charging apparatus includes a support structure disposed at a height above a floor surface. The charging apparatus further includes a cable holder disposed on the support structure. The cable holder includes an electric cable. The charging apparatus further includes an actuation mechanism coupled to the cable holder. The actuation mechanism controls a movement of the electric cable from the cable holder. The charging apparatus further include a power supply equipment coupled to the actuation mechanism. The power supply equipment, the actuation mechanism and the cable holder are coupled to each other, to form a unitary structure that is configured to move on the support structure.

Abstract: An overhead charging apparatus and method for charging electric vehicles using the overhead charging apparatus is provided. The charging apparatus includes a control assembly, a power supply unit, and an electronic device. The control assembly includes a support structure, a cable holding unit, and an actuation mechanism. The power supply unit includes an electric cable having an end coupled to a charging connector. A portion of the electric cable is disposed in a cable passage of the cable holding unit. The end of the electric cable retractably extends from the cable passage to a first location. The electronic device, coupled to the actuation mechanism, transmits an input to the actuation mechanism to displace the portion of the electric cable from the cable passage such that the end of the electric cable moves from the first location to a second location proximal to a charging port of an electric vehicle.

Abstract: A control system for an internal combustion engine that executes post injection, which is capable of accurately estimating the state of dilution of engine oil, thereby properly controlling the amount of oil dilution such that it does not become too large. In an internal combustion engine having an injector that injects fuel into a combustion chamber, post injection is executed in which fuel is injected from the injector during the expansion stroke or the exhaust stroke of the engine, based on a detected operating condition of the engine. The amount of dilution of engine oil diluted with fuel injected by post injection is calculated. The amount of fuel evaporated from the engine oil is calculated. A state of dilution of the engine oil is estimated based on the calculated engine dilution amount and the calculated fuel evaporation amount.

Abstract: A control system for an internal combustion engine that executes post injection, which is capable of accurately estimating the state of dilution of engine oil, thereby properly controlling the amount of oil dilution such that it does not become too large. In an internal combustion engine having an injector that injects fuel into a combustion chamber, post injection is executed in which fuel is injected from the injector during the expansion stroke or the exhaust stroke of the engine, based on a detected operating condition of the engine. The amount of dilution of engine oil diluted with fuel injected by post injection is calculated. The amount of fuel evaporated from the engine oil is calculated. A state of dilution of the engine oil is estimated based on the calculated engine dilution amount and the calculated fuel evaporation amount.