Abstract: Systems, methods and apparatuses for rehabilitation and/or training of a subject. Rehabilitation may be performed after neurological damage has occurred, including without limitation acute or chronic damage. Training as referred to herein relates to any process performed in order to improve the physical and/or cognitive function of a subject.

Abstract: One or more methods, apparatuses, computer-readable storage mediums, and systems for entropy coding vertex information of an edge in a voxelized space of a point cloud are disclosed. Symbols of a neighborhood configuration of a current edge may be determined based on one or more already coded edges. The already coded edges may be selected from a spatial topology of edges. The use of a motion-compensated point cloud for coding centroid residual values may enhance interframe correlation used for determining a context or probability model. This increased correlation may improve the selection of coders, leading to enhanced compression of centroid residual values.

Abstract: Methods and devices for encoding or decoding a point cloud. A bit sequence signaling an occupancy pattern for sub-volumes of a volume is coded using entropy coding. For a current sub-volume, probabilities of respective entropy coders for entropy coding the occupancy pattern may be selected based on occupancy data for a plurality of neighbouring sub-volumes of the current sub-volume and on occupancy data for subdivisions of the neighbouring sub-volumes.

Abstract: An encoder and/or a decoder may code visual data, based on a motion compensated point cloud. For example, the encoder and/or the decoder may determine one or more symbols of a neighborhood configuration of a current edge based at least on the motion compensated point cloud. The encoder and/or the decoder may code (e.g., arithmetic code) vertex information of the current edge based on a context (or probability model). The context (or probability model) may be selected using, for example, a look up table, based on the neighborhood configuration. The neighborhood configuration may be a reduced configuration that may represent a subset of symbols of a whole neighborhood configuration.

Abstract: A method of encoding a point cloud into a bitstream, each point of the point cloud being associated with spherical coordinates representing an azimuthal angle and a radius, includes: obtaining a scaled elementary azimuthal step associated with a point of the point cloud, the scaled elementary azimuthal step being equal to first data greater than an elementary azimuthal step in response to second data being strictly lower than a threshold, and being equal to the elementary azimuthal step otherwise; encoding, in the bitstream, a number of scaled elementary azimuthal steps obtained from an azimuthal angle of the point, a prediction of the azimuthal angle and the scaled elementary azimuthal step; and encoding, in the bitstream, an residual azimuthal angle of the point between the azimuthal angle of the point and a predicted azimuthal angle derived from the number of scaled elementary azimuthal steps and the scaled elementary azimuthal step.

Abstract: One or more methods, apparatuses, computer-readable storage mediums, and systems for entropy coding vertex information of an edge in a voxelized space of a point cloud are disclosed. Symbols of a neighborhood configuration of a current edge may be determined based on one or more already coded edges. The already coded edges may be selected from a spatial topology of edges or its subset. An index indicating an appropriate context or probability model for a given occupancy configuration for a neighborhood of a current edge may be retrieved.

Abstract: There is provided methods and apparatus of encoding/decoding a point cloud representing a physical object, each point of the point cloud being associated with a residual radius between a radius responsive to a distance of the point from a referential and a predicted radius. The method entropy encodes/decodes the sign of the residual radius associated with a current point of the point cloud based on the sign of a previously entropy encoded/decoded non-zero residual radius associated with a previous point.

Abstract: Methods and devices for encoding a point cloud. A bit sequence signalling an occupancy pattern for sub-volumes of a volume is coded using binary entropy coding. For a given bit in the bit sequence, a context may be based on a sub-volume neighbour configuration for the sub-volume corresponding to that bit. The sub-volume neighbour configuration depends on an occupancy pattern of a group of sub-volumes of neighbouring volumes to the volume, the group of sub-volumes neighbouring the sub-volume corresponding to the given bit. The context may be further based on a partial sequence of previously-coded bits of the bit sequence.

Abstract: A method of encoding a point cloud into a bitstream of encoded point cloud data representing a physical object is provided. The method includes: encoding, into the bitstream, azimuthal angle data (?coded,n) representative of an azimuthal angle (?(Pn)) responsive to a capture angle of a sensor that captured a point of the point cloud, wherein the encoding is based on a boundary value (B) that depends on sensor characteristics, and an absolute value of the azimuthal angle data (?coded) is bounded by the boundary value.

Abstract: A method of encoding a point cloud into a bitstream of encoded point cloud data representing a physical object is provided. The method includes an azimuthal coding mode providing a series of bits for encoding a coordinate of a point of the point cloud. The method includes: dividing a parent interval, to which the point coordinate belongs to, into a left half interval and a right half interval; interpolating a left angle (?left,d), associated with the left half interval, and a right angle (?right,d), associated with the right half interval, from at least one inherited angle associated with the parent interval; selecting a context depending on the left angle (?left,d) and the right angle (?right,d); and context-adaptive binary entropy encoding a bit (bd), into the bitstream, based on the selected context, the coded bit (bd) indicating which of the two half intervals the point coordinate belongs to.

Abstract: A method of encoding/decoding a point cloud into/from a bitstream of encoded point cloud data representing a physical object includes determining a dynamic list of at least one prediction data used to derive at least one candidate predictor used to encode geometry data of points of the point cloud. The list of at least one prediction data is dynamic because during the encoding of points, prediction data are updated based on residuals radius of decoded points.

Abstract: There is provided methods and apparatus of encoding/decoding a point cloud captured by a set of sensors. The encoding method obtains a list of ordered points of the point cloud by ordering the points according to a lexicographic order based on azimuthal angles and sensor indices associated with points of the point cloud; obtains a next point following a current point in the list of ordered points and having an order index different of an order index of the current point, and obtains a number of duplicated points equals to a number of points following the current point that have an order index equals to the order index of the current point; encodes the number of duplicated points and encodes an order index difference representing a difference between the order index of the next point and the order index of the current point.

Abstract: One or more methods, apparatuses, computer-readable storage mediums, and systems for entropy coding vertex information of an edge in a voxelized space of a point cloud are disclosed. Symbols of a neighborhood configuration of a current edge may be determined based on one or more already coded edges. The already coded edges may be selected from a spatial topology of edges or its subset. A lookup table may be used to retrieve an index for a given occupancy configuration for a neighborhood of a current edge. The index may indicate an appropriate context or probability model. Based on the coding of the current edge, the lookup table may be updated.

Abstract: Methods and devices for encoding a point cloud. More than one frame of reference is identified and a transform defines the relative motion of a second frame of reference to a first frame of reference. The space is segmented into regions and each region is associated with one of the frames of reference. Local motion vectors within a region are expressed relative to the frame of reference associated with that region. Occupancy of the bitstream is entropy encoded based on predictions determined using the location motion vectors and the transform associated with the attached frame of reference.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for improving the performance of video encoders and decoders involves selecting a set of transforms from among a plurality of sets of transforms that can be used for coding blocks in a region of a video image. Within a region, selection of a particular transform from among a plurality of transforms comprising the selected set of transforms is used to encoder or decode at least one block in the region. Associated indices representing the set of transforms to be used within a region and the selected transform for a block can be sent in a bitstream. In an alternate embodiment, a default set of transforms is complemented by selection of an additional set of transforms on a block or region basis.

Abstract: Methods and devices for encoding a point cloud. A current node associated with a sub-volume is split into further sub-volumes, each further sub-volume corresponding to a child node of the current node, and, at the encoder, an occupancy pattern is determined for the current node based on occupancy status of the child nodes. A probability distribution is selected from among a plurality of probability distributions based on occupancy data for a plurality of nodes neighbouring the current node. The encoder entropy encodes the occupancy pattern based on the selected probability distribution to produce encoded data for the bitstream and updates the selected probability distribution. The decoder makes the same selection based on occupancy data for neighbouring nodes and entropy decodes the bitstream to reconstruct the occupancy pattern.

Abstract: Methods and devices for encoding a point cloud. A bit sequence signalling an occupancy pattern for sub-volumes of a volume is coded using binary entropy coding. For a given bit in the bit sequence, a context may be based on a sub-volume neighbour configuration for the sub-volume corresponding to that bit. The sub-volume neighbour configuration depends on an occupancy pattern of a group of sub-volumes of neighbouring volumes to the volume, the group of sub-volumes neighbouring the sub-volume corresponding to the given bit. The context may be further based on a partial sequence of previously-coded bits of the bit sequence.

Abstract: There is provided methods and apparatus of encoding/decoding a point cloud into/from a bitstream of encoded point cloud data representing a physical object, each point of the point cloud being associated with spherical coordinates representing an azimuthal angle responsive to a capture angle of a sensor that captured the point and a radius responsive of a distance of the point from a referential. The encoding method includes adaptively quantizing a residual error azimuthal angle, derived from the azimuthal angle, based on the radius.

Abstract: There is provided methods and apparatus of encoding/decoding a point cloud representing a physical object. Points of the point cloud are ordered based on azimuthal angles representing capture angles of sensors and sensor indices associated with sensors. The encoding method comprises encoding, into a bitstream, at least one order index difference representing a difference between order indices of two consecutive ordered points by: obtaining at least one binary data by binarizing the at least one order index difference; and for each binary data, selecting a context based on a distance between an azimuthal angle associated with the binary data and an azimuthal angle of an already encoded point, and context-based entropy coding the binary data in the bitstream, based on the selected context.

Abstract: Methods and devices for encoding a point cloud. A bit sequence signaling an occupancy pattern for sub-volumes of a volume is coded using binary entropy coding. Contexts may be based on neighbour configuration and a partial sequence of previously-coded bits of the bit sequence. A determination is made as to whether to apply a context reduction operation and, if so, the operation reduces the number of available contexts. Example context reduction operations include reducing neighbour configurations based on shielding by sub-volumes associated with previously-coded bits, special handling for empty neighbour configurations, and statistics-based context consolidation.