Abstract: In a telecommunications system, a switching device selectively applies one of two different voltage supplies to a common node. A first of the voltage supplies is coupled to the common node by a first switch and a second of the voltage supplies is coupled to the common node by a second switch. The switching device includes the following elements. A difference detector detects a difference between the first and second voltage supplies. A control circuit selectively enables one of the first and second switches and disables the other of the first and second switches, for switching between the first and second voltage supplies in response to the difference detector. The control circuit performs the switching between the first and second voltage supplies when the detected difference falls below a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: The invention discloses tires including innerliners, the innerliners made from at least one polybutene processing aid and at least one elastomer having C4 to C7 isoolefin derived units.

Abstract: Combined plain old telephone system (POTS) and digital subscriber loop (DSL) line card capable of suppressing low frequency transients. The line card includes the following elements. A DSL receive path receives DSL data from a loop. A POTS receive path receives POTS data from the loop. A combined POTS and DSL transmit path transmits POTS and DSL data to the loop. An impedance generator is coupled between the POTS receive path and the combined POTS and DSL transmit path for synthesizing impedance for signals in the combined POTS and DSL transmit path. A low frequency detector selectively applies a high pass filter to an output of the impedance generator for filtering the low frequency transients. Further, a clipped signal detector and a variable pole high pass filter are provided in the POTS receive path. The clipped signal detector in the POTS receive path triggers a switch that discharges stored transient energy in the receive path.

Abstract: In a telecommunications system, a switching device selectively applies one of two different voltage supplies to a common node. A first of the voltage supplies is coupled to the common node by a first switch and a second of the voltage supplies is coupled to the common node by a second switch. The switching device includes the following elements. A difference detector detects a difference between the first and second voltage supplies. A control circuit selectively enables one of the first and second switches and disables the other of the first and second switches, for switching between the first and second voltage supplies in response to the difference detector. The control circuit performs the switching between the first and second voltage supplies when the detected difference falls below a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: Combined plain old telephone system (POTS) and digital subscriber loop (DSL) line card capable of suppressing low frequency transients. The line card includes the following elements. A DSL receive path receives DSL data from a loop. A POTS receive path receives POTS data from the loop. A combined POTS and DSL transmit path transmits POTS and DSL data to the loop. An impedance generator is coupled between the POTS receive path and the combined POTS and DSL transmit path for synthesizing impedance for signals in the combined POTS and DSL transmit path. A low frequency detector selectively applies a high pass filter to an output of the impedance generator for filtering the low frequency transients. Further, a clipped signal detector and a variable pole high pass filter are provided in the POTS receive path. The clipped signal detector in the POTS receive path triggers a switch that discharges stored transient energy in the receive path.

Abstract: A plate and fin type heat exchanger is disclosed which can be made in any convenient size with minimum tooling required. The heat exchanger is made from a plurality of stacked plate pairs having raised peripheral edge portions to define flow channels inside the plate pairs. The plates of the plate pairs are formed with offset, diverging end flanges that space the plate pairs apart. A U-shaped channel envelops the plate end flanges to form part of a manifold at each end of the plate pairs. End caps or plates close the open ends of the U-shaped channels to complete the manifolds, and inlet and outlet openings are formed in the manifolds as desired to complete the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A plate and fin type heat exchanger is disclosed which can be made in any convenient size with minimum tooling required. The heat exchanger is made from a plurality of stacked plate pairs having raised peripheral edge portions to define flow channels inside the plate pairs. The plates of the plate pairs are formed with offset, diverging end flanges that space the plate pairs apart. A U-shaped channel envelops the plate end flanges to form part of a manifold at each end of the plate pairs. End caps or plates close the open ends of the U-shaped channels to complete the manifolds, and inlet and outlet openings are formed in the manifolds as desired to complete the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A plate and fin type heat exchanger is disclosed which can be made in any convenient size with minimum tooling required. The heat exchanger is made from a plurality of stacked plate pairs having raised peripheral edge portions to define flow channels inside the plate pairs. The plates of the plate pairs are formed with offset, diverging end flanges that space the plate pairs apart. A U-shaped channel envelops the plate end flanges to form part of a manifold at each end of the plate pairs. End caps or plates close the open ends of the U-shaped channels to complete the manifolds, and inlet and outlet openings are formed in the manifolds as desired to complete the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A plate and fin type heat exchanger is disclosed which can be made in any convenient size with minimum tooling required. The heat exchanger is made from a plurality of stacked plate pairs having raised peripheral edge portions to define flow channels inside the plate pairs. The plates of the plate pairs are formed with offset, diverging end flanges that space the plate pairs apart. A U-shaped channel envelops the plate end flanges to form part of a manifold at each end of the plate pairs. End caps or plates close the open ends of the U-shaped channels to complete the manifolds, and inlet and outlet openings are formed in the manifolds as desired to complete the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A process of developing exposed silver halide elements comprises developing said element in a developer in the presence of a development accelerator compound as defined. The development accelerator compounds include pyridinium, or pyridinium and and imidazolium compounds. The process is applicable to standard and hydrazine-containing films and to hydroquinone and/or ascorbic acid-based developers. The development accelerator may be incorporated into the developer or into the silver halide emulsion.

Abstract: Novel organic glass compositions are disclosed which are poled to achieve nonlinear optical properties. Novel compounds useful for making said poled compositions are also disclosed; as are a method and a device for transforming electromagnetic radiation using a nonlinear optical element formed from said compositions; and certain intermediates for making novel compounds.

Abstract: Optical elements comprising noncentrosymmetric crystalline organic compounds are provided, that are capable of second harmonic generation. The invention further provides for nonlinear optical devices and modulators incorporating the optical elements.

Abstract: Photosensitively opacifiable glasses requiring very short exposures to ultraviolet radiation to effect the development of opacity are processed by heating to nucleate Ag followed by cooling to nucleate NaF on the Ag followed by heating to grow the NaF. The glasses contain, expressed in terms of weight percent on the oxide basis, about 14-18% Na.sub.2 O, 0-6% ZnO, 6-12% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 0-5% B.sub.2 O.sub.3, 65-72% SiO.sub.2, and 0-0.2% Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3, and 0.007-0.04% Ag, 0.008-0.05% CeO.sub.2, 0.7-1.25% Br, and 1.5-2.5% F as analyzed in the glass, the sum of those components are at least 90% of the total composition.

Abstract: A photoimaging system and method for photoimaging employing said photoimaging system, the latter comprising (i) a photosensitive element having a substrate coated with a photosensitive layer containing dispersed silver halide particles in operative association with a continuous film-forming phase of polymeric coupler, the coupler characterized by the ability to couple with the developing agent of component (ii) to become insoluble in aqueous media; and (ii) an oxidized hydroquinone or aminophenol-type developing agent.

Abstract: Novel nitrobenzyl compounds are incorporated into a photographic emulsion or developer for controlled release of development/image modifier compounds. This occurs imagewise only after developer oxidation products have been formed in the course of the development process. For example, nitrobenzyl-masked phenylmercaptotetrazole (PMT), incorporated into a silver halide emulsion, reacts with developer oxidation products via an electron transfer mechanism to release the potent development restrainer PMT.

Abstract: Novel nitrobenzyl compounds are incorporated into a photographic emulsion or developer for controlled release of development/image modifier compounds. This occurs imagewise only after developer oxidation products have been formed in the course of the development process. For example, nitrobenzyl-masked phenylmercaptotetrazole (PMT), incorporated into a silver halide emulsion, reacts with developer oxidation products via an electron transfer mechanism to release the potent development restrainer PMT.

Abstract: An apparatus for excavating and transplanting trees includes a plurality of blade assemblies mounted on the sides of a horizontal multi-sided frame for overlying and substantially surrounding an excavation site. Each blade assembly includes a housing within which a flanged blade and stem unit can be mounted for reciprocation to effect penetration of the excavation site, and a hydraulic cylinder and piston assembly detachably affixable to the stem for effecting reciprocation of the blade and stem unit. Within each housing are mounted a plurality of rollers engageable with opposite sides of the blade thereof, a pair of guide blocks adjacent opposite sides of the blade flange, and a pair of guide bars on opposite sides of the stem, all cooperable to guide and maintain the blade and stem unit in an established path during reciprocation.

Abstract: Photopolymerizable coating compositions which contain an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable compound and a radiation sensitive, free-radical generating system are thermally stabilized to inhibit polymerization at elevated temperature without affecting room temperature photopolymerization by adding to the composition a bis(substituted amino)monosulfide or bis(substituted amino)polysulfide.

Abstract: An improved method for the preparation of 3,5-diaminopyrazinoic acid (which is useful for the manufacture of diuretics) is described. New compounds obtained in the process include 3,5-diamino-2,6-dicarbamoylpyrazine; 3.5-diamino-6-carbamoylpyrazinoic acid and 3,5-diamino-6-carbamoylpyrazine. The latter compounds are also useful as curing agents for epoxy resins.