Abstract: A platform for converting a signal between optical and electrical form and vice versa is provided. The platform includes a dielectric mount, a semiconductor light source and optical fibers. Some of these components are fabricated separately and then brought together in an integrated assembly together with a focusing lens. The platform permits the self-alignment of the optical fibers in a flip-chip vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) array module package. The self-alignment of the optical fibers is achieved by the engineering of the geometrical dimensions of the platform. The techniques may be used to form large-scale integrated opto-electronic circuits and switching networks.

Abstract: A platform for converting a signal between optical and electrical form and vice versa is provided. The platform includes a dielectric mount, a semiconductor light source and optical fibers. Some of these components are fabricated separately and then brought together in an integrated assembly together with a focusing lens. The platform permits the self-alignment of the optical fibers in a flip-chip vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) array module package. The self-alignment of the optical fibers is achieved by the engineering of the geometrical dimensions of the platform. The techniques may be used to form large-scale integrated opto-electronic circuits and switching networks.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of driving an LCD, comprising providing an array of pixels, characterised by the steps of providing cholesteric liquid crystals arranged between spaced transparent substrates, and by providing a reset pulse and a plurality of selection pulses whereby to provide resultant driving waveform(s).