Abstract: The method of making a porous nitrogen-doped carbon electrode from biomass is a chemical activation-based method of making a porous graphite carbon electrode for supercapacitors and the like. Date palm pollen grains are used as a precursor biomass carbon source for producing the porous graphite carbon. A volume of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) pollen grains is mixed into an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide to produce a precursor carbon solution. The precursor carbon solution is dried to produce precursor carbon, and the precursor carbon is heated in an inert atmosphere to produce porous nitrogen-doped graphite carbon. The porous nitrogen-doped graphite carbon is washed, dried and mixed with a polyvinylidene difluoride binder, carbon black, and a solvent to form a slurry. The slurry is then coated on nickel foam to form a porous nitrogen-doped carbon electrode. The porous nitrogen-doped carbon electrode is dried, weighted and pressed into a sheet electrode.

Abstract: The method of making a porous nitrogen-doped carbon electrode from biomass is a chemical activation-based method of making a porous graphite carbon electrode for supercapacitors and the like. Date palm pollen grains are used as a precursor biomass carbon source for producing the porous graphite carbon. A volume of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) pollen grains is mixed into an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide to produce a precursor carbon solution. The precursor carbon solution is dried to produce precursor carbon, and the precursor carbon is heated in an inert atmosphere to produce porous nitrogen-doped graphite carbon. The porous nitrogen-doped graphite carbon is washed, dried and mixed with a polyvinylidene difluoride binder, carbon black, and a solvent to form a slurry. The slurry is then coated on nickel foam to form a porous nitrogen-doped carbon electrode. The porous nitrogen-doped carbon electrode is dried, weighted and pressed into a sheet electrode.

Abstract: The magnetic adsorbent for organic pollution removal is an adsorbent material, preferably in the form of microcapsules, for adsorbing organic pollutants, such as methylene blue, onto the microcapsules from contaminated water. Each of the magnetic adsorbent microcapsules is formed from magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) particles embedded in a nitrogen-enriched porous carbon matrix. To make the magnetic adsorbent microcapsules, urea and formaldehyde are mixed to form a pre-polymer solution. Magnetic Fe3O4 is mixed with an aqueous epoxy resin in hexane to form a mixture, which is then sonicated and added to the pre-polymer solution to form a polymeric solution. A surfactant, such as sodium lauryl sulfate, is added to the polymeric solution to form a suspension of magnetic microcapsules. The magnetic microcapsules are washed, filtered and dried before annealing in a tube furnace to form the adsorbent microcapsules, which are then washed and dried.

Abstract: The magnetic adsorbent for organic pollution removal is an adsorbent material, preferably in the form of microcapsules, for adsorbing organic pollutants, such as methylene blue, onto the microcapsules from contaminated water. Each of the magnetic adsorbent microcapsules is formed from magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) particles embedded in a nitrogen-enriched porous carbon matrix. To make the magnetic adsorbent microcapsules, urea and formaldehyde are mixed to form a pre-polymer solution. Magnetic Fe3O4 is mixed with an aqueous epoxy resin in hexane to form a mixture, which is then sonicated and added to the pre-polymer solution to form a polymeric solution. A surfactant, such as sodium lauryl sulfate, is added to the polymeric solution to form a suspension of magnetic microcapsules. The magnetic microcapsules are washed, filtered and dried before annealing in a tube furnace to form the adsorbent microcapsules, which are then washed and dried.

Abstract: The oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalyst is a Pt/N/C electrocatalyst that provides an efficient ORR catalyst suitable for use in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells, for example. The oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalyst is in the form of platinum nanoparticles embedded in a nitrogen-enriched mesoporous carbon matrix, particularly a nitrogen-enriched graphite matrix. The nitrogen-enriched graphite matrix has an average surface area of 240.4 m2/g, and the platinum nanoparticles each have an average diameter between 10 nm and 12 nm.

Abstract: Carboxylic functionalized magnetic nanocomposites can include a magnetic compound, such as Fe3O4, that is encapsulated by a plurality of amino organosilane groups. The organosilane groups can include 3-[2-(2-Aminoethylamino)ethylamino] propyl-trimethoxysilane (TAS). At least some of the organosilane groups can have amino and carboxylic acid substituents. The organic pollutants can include malachite green dye. The carboxylic functionalized magnetic nanocomposites can adsorb dye from solution, such as wastewater. The carboxylic functionalized magnetic nanocomposites can be separated from the solution using an external magnetic material.

Abstract: A method for preparing an adsorbent for removing organic dyes from water includes providing a volume of egg white, adding a volume of formaldehyde to the volume of egg white to form a mixture, maintaining a pH of the mixture at about pH 8.5, stirring the mixture until a viscous product is formed, and washing and drying the product to provide the adsorbent.

Abstract: A method for preparing an adsorbent for removing organic dyes from water includes reacting egg white with hydrochloric acid. The reaction can include mixing egg white with water to form a solution, and adding the acid to the solution to form a precipitate. The precipitate can be filtered, washed, and dried to provide the adsorbent. The adsorbent can be contacted with wastewater contaminated with organic pollutants to remove the organic pollutants from the wastewater. The organic pollutants can include p-nitrophenol.

Abstract: A method of producing macroporous carbon capsules includes providing pollen grains from date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) males, drying the pollen grains, heating the dried pollen grains to a temperature of at least 500° C. under an atmosphere of N2 gas to produce macroporous carbon capsules. The macroporous carbon capsules produced from the above method can have an oval shape with a diameter in the range of about 18 ?m to about 20 ?m. The macroporous carbon capsules have a mean pore diameter in the range of about 50 nm to about 450 nm. The pores are three-dimensionally interconnected via nanoscopic carbon walls. The carbon walls have a thickness of about 4 ?m.

Abstract: The method for removing organic dyes from wastewater includes: (i) placing a magnetic polymer microsphere into contact with wastewater contaminated with organic dyes; (ii) permitting the organic dyes to adsorb onto the magnetic polymer microsphere; and removing the magnetic polymer microsphere using an external magnetic field applied by a magnet. The magnetic polymer microsphere has a ferromagnetic core surrounded by an adsorbent polymer.

Abstract: Phosphazene-formaldehyde polymeric and phosphazene-formaldehyde metal polymeric compounds and methods for their preparation are described. In one aspect, a phosphazene-formaldehyde polymer is formed by reacting hexaminocyclotriphosphazene hexammoniumchloride, [{NP(NH2)2}3.6NH4Cl], and formaldehyde, HCHO, in an aqueous environment to form a reaction product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for removal of metal ions from an aqueous solution, which comprises contacting the aqueous solution with a phosphazene-formaldehyde resin as well as an ion exchange resin comprising a phosphazene-formaldehyde resin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for removal of metal ions from an aqueous solution, which comprises contacting the aqueous solution with a phosphazene-formaldehyde resin as well as an ion exchange resin comprising a phosphazene-formaldehyde resin.