Abstract: An electrochemical energy store including at least one anode and at least one cathode in an electrolyte, lithium peroxide being generated at the cathode by the reaction of lithium ions with oxygen. The cathode is connected to an oxygen reservoir.

Abstract: A ceramic gas sensor for measuring a gas component in a gas mixture, which includes a sensor element, which has at least one first electrode exposed to the gas mixture to be determined, and at least one further electrode. Only one shared electrical contact is provided for the first electrode and for the additional electrode, an electrical resistor, which is situated inside the gas sensor, being preconnected to the first electrode and/or the additional electrode.

Abstract: A gas sensor for sensing the gas concentration in a measured gas mixture, particularly of a nitrogen compound, having a solid electrolyte which connects a first and a second electrode in an ion-conducting manner, the first electrode having a high activity with respect to oxidation or reduction of the gas component that is to be sensed, and the second electrode having a slight activity in this regard. The influence on the activity with regard to oxidation or reduction of the gas component to be determined, due to free oxygen present in the measured gas mixture, is approximately equally strongly pronounced at both electrodes.

Abstract: A ceramic gas sensor for measuring a gas component in a gas mixture, which includes a sensor element, which has at least one first electrode exposed to the gas mixture to be determined, and at least one further electrode. Only one shared electrical contacting is provided for the first electrode and for the additional electrode, an electrical resistor, which is situated inside the gas sensor, being preconnected to the first electrode and/or the additional electrode.

Abstract: A sensor element of a gas sensor, which is used for determining the concentration of ammonia and, optionally, at least one further component of a gas mixture, in particular in exhaust gases of combustion engines. The sensor element includes at least one first auxiliary electrode and at least one measuring electrode positioned downstream in the flow direction of the gas mixture, which are in direct contact with the gas mixture, a signal generated by the measuring electrode being used at least intermittently for determining the concentration of ammonia. A potential, at which ammonia contained in the gas mixture is oxidized, is applied at least intermittently to the first auxiliary electrode or the measuring electrode.

Abstract: An electrochemical energy store including at least one anode and at least one cathode in an electrolyte, lithium peroxide being generated at the cathode by the reaction of lithium ions with oxygen. The cathode is connected to an oxygen reservoir.

Abstract: A gas sensor for sensing the gas concentration in a measured gas mixture, particularly of a nitrogen compound, having a solid electrolyte which connects a first and a second electrode in an ion-conducting manner, the first electrode having a high activity with respect to oxidation or reduction of the gas component that is to be sensed, and the second electrode having a slight activity in this regard. The influence on the activity with regard to oxidation or reduction of the gas component to be determined, due to free oxygen present in the measured gas mixture, is approximately equally strongly pronounced at both electrodes.

Abstract: In order to operate an amperometric solid electrolyte sensor comprising a heating element which is separated from a sensor element by means of an electrical insulating layer, an electrical bias voltage is applied between the sensor element and the heater in such a way that the potential regions of the sensor element and the heater do not overlap.

Abstract: A gas sensor based on solid electrolyte is proposed for measuring a gas component in a gas mixture, having at least one sensitive region, which has a first means for producing a reaction gas from an additional gas component of the gas mixture. A second means is situated in the sensitive region of the gas sensor, using which the residual content of the reaction gas may be determined, after a reaction that takes place between the reaction gas and the gas component to be measured.

Abstract: Platinum metal cermet electrodes are described on which the electrochemical reduction of oxygen is made easier compared to known platinum metal cermet electrodes. The ceramic component of a platinum metal cermet electrode contains stabilized ZrO2 as its main constituent, the composition of the electrode being directed toward reducing its polarization resistance.

Abstract: A sensor element of a gas sensor is described, this sensor being used to determine the concentration of at least one component of a gas mixture, in particular in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. It includes at least two electrodes which are situated in an internal gas space which is in direct contact with the gas mixture, the one electrode containing a first material and the second electrode containing a second material. The internal gas space contains a means which acts physically and/or chemically to prevent diffusion of metal between the electrodes.

Abstract: A sensor element of a gas sensor, which is used for determining the concentration of ammonia and, optionally, at least one further component of a gas mixture, in particular in exhaust gases of combustion engines. The sensor element includes at least one first auxiliary electrode and at least one measuring electrode positioned downstream in the flow direction of the gas mixture, which are in direct contact with the gas mixture, a signal generated by the measuring electrode being used at least intermittently for determining the concentration of ammonia. A potential, at which ammonia contained in the gas mixture is oxidized, is applied at least intermittently to the first auxiliary electrode or the measuring electrode.

Abstract: A gas sensor based on solid electrolyte is proposed for measuring a gas component in a gas mixture, having at least one sensitive region, which has a first means for producing a reaction gas from an additional gas component of the gas mixture. A second means is situated in the sensitive region of the gas sensor, using which the residual content of the reaction gas may be determined, after a reaction that takes place between the reaction gas and the gas component to be measured.

Abstract: A gas sensor has improved electrical properties. In the top view of the layer planes of the body of the sensor, printed circuit traces for electrodes are arranged outside of cavities in the body, e.g., outside of the reference air duct. Furthermore, the electrodes are enlarged in the direction of the exhaust-side end of the sensor. Also, the printed circuit traces have an increased layer thickness or are formed as a double layer.

Abstract: A sensor element of a gas sensor is described, this sensor being used to determine the concentration of at least one component of a gas mixture, in particular in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. It includes at least two electrodes (22, 23) which are situated in an internal gas space (15) which is in direct contact with the gas mixture, the one electrode (22) containing a first material and the second electrode (23) containing a second material. The internal gas space (15) contains a means (34, 26, 38, 39) which acts physically and/or chemically to prevent diffusion of metal between the electrodes (22, 23).

Abstract: Platinum metal cermet electrodes are described on which the electrochemical reduction of oxygen is made easier compared to known platinum metal cermet electrodes. The ceramic component of a platinum metal cermet electrode contains stabilized ZrO2 as its main constituent, the composition of the electrode being directed toward reducing its polarization resistance.

Abstract: An electrochemical gas sensor for determining the concentration of gas components in a gas mixture, in particular for determining NOx and HC. The gas sensor includes a first measuring gas space which is connected to the measuring gas, and a second measuring gas space which is connected to the first measuring gas space by a connecting channel. Furthermore, a first electrode and a second electrode, arranged in the first measuring gas space, and at least one third electrode arranged in the second measuring gas space, and at least one fourth electrode are provided. The two measuring gas spaces are arranged in layer planes on top of one another and are separated from one another by at least one oxygen ion conducting layer, the connecting channel passing through the oxygen ion conducting layer.

Abstract: A method for operating a sensor element (10) for determining at least one gas component of a gas, in particular of an exhaust gas of a combustion engine, is proposed. A measured gas space (35) that is in communication with the gas located outside the sensor element (10) is introduced into the sensor element (10). A first electrode (31) and a second electrode (32) are provided in the measured gas space (35) on an oxygen-ion-conducting solid electrolyte (21), and a third electrode (33) is provided outside the measured gas space (35). The second electrode (32) is electrically connected by the solid electrolyte (21) to the third electrode (33), so that oxygen is pumpable by application of a voltage between the second electrode (32) and the third electrode (33).

Abstract: To provide a Pt/Au electrode which is used to electrochemically pump O2 out of an O2-containing gas mixture selectively in the presence of other oxygen-containing gas constituents and to provide a simple method of producing such a Pt/Au electrode, a Pt/Au electrode for electrochemically pumping out O2 is described, its surface being impregnated with at least one compound of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a rare earth metal. A method of producing such a Pt/Au electrode in particular is also described, where the Pt/Au electrode is brought in contact with a solution containing at least one compound of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a rare earth metal, and the excess solvent is removed.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for monitoring the function and/or regeneration of a gas probe. The invention includes a measurement of first and second pump currents of the gas probe and a determination of a difference between the first and second pump currents (&Dgr;I). If &Dgr;I exceeds a pregiven value, then a saturation pump voltage is applied and the difference between a resulting pump current and a previously stored minimum pump current (&Dgr;I plus) is determined. If &Dgr;I plus exceeds a pregiven value, then a regeneration voltage is applied.