Abstract: A data processing device includes flash memory; nonvolatile memory having an erasure block buffer in which there are stored data recorded in an erasure-unit region of the flash memory; a write control controller for writing into the erasure block buffer write request data, which are to be written into the flash memory; a save unit for saving non-changing data stored in the flash memory to the erasure block buffer; an erasure instruction unit for instructing erasure of the data from the flash memory; and a write unit for writing the data recorded in the erasure block buffer to the flash memory.

Abstract: A data processing device includes flash memory 101; nonvolatile memory 102 having an erasure block buffer 103 in which there are stored data recorded in an erasure-unit region of the flash memory 101; a write controller 111 for writing into the erasure block buffer 103 write request data which are to be written into the flash memory 101; a save unit 112 for saving non-changing data stored in the flash memory 101 to the erasure block buffer 103; an erasure instruction unit 301 for instructing erasure of the data from the erasure-unit region of flash memory 101; and a write unit for writing the data recorded in the erasure block buffer 103 to the flash memory 101. A comparison may be made between the erasure unit regions into which first and second write data are to be written. The data processing device may further include a write buffer for storing write data.

Abstract: An air bag device for use with a motor vehicle has an inflatable bag on the inner surface of which is provided a thin film-like layer of gas generating agent. At least one igniter is mounted in a part of the thin gas generating agent layer. When the vehicle encounters a collision, the gas generating agent is ignited by the igniter to generate gas. The gas fills up and thereby inflates the bag to restrain an occupant of the vehicle.

Abstract: In a writing utensil according to the present invention, when a rearward outer cylinder is rotated in either direction, a cam engaging projection, which is integral with the rearward outer cylinder, slides pressingly on either of the respective cam surfaces of first and second sliders. This causes one of the first and second sliders to advance, which in turn causes a first of the first and second refills to project forwardly while the other remains retracted. Similarly, when the rearward outer cylinder is rotated in the opposite direction, the cam engaging projection slides pressingly on the other of the cam surfaces of the first and second sliders. This causes advancement of the other of the sliders, and in turn causes the second of the first and second refills to be projected while the first remains retracted. The construction allows these operations to be smoothly, stably and positively performed.

Abstract: A lead cartridge opening and closing unit wherein outward engaging piece portions are provided on a chuck type opening and closing mechanism which is divided into sections in the diametrical direction and has inward elastic force and which is further disposed on the lead cartridge; the outward engaging piece portions moving inwardly against the inward elastic force along the diametrical direction thereof thereby to open lead conducting holes in case of forcible insertion into and engagement with a lead guide, while the outward engaging piece portions being restored by means of the inward elastic force to move outwardly along the diametrical direction thereof thereby to close the lead conducting holes in case of release for the forcible insertion and engagement; whereby when the outward engaging piece portions of the chuck type opening and closing mechanism are forcibly fitted in the lead guide, the outward engaging piece portions move inwardly along the diametrical direction thereof to be resiliently fitted t

Abstract: An image display apparatus having an A/D converter which samples a television signal a plurality of times in each horizontal effective display period and converts the sampled signal into digital data, and a gradation signal generator combines gradation signals produced in a plurality of horizontal effective display periods according to the digital data to produce a new gradation signal. An image display panel is driven for display according to the new gradation signal.

Abstract: A liquid crystal drive circuit includes a first buffer circuit for outputting a selection high level segment voltage V0' using a nonselection high level common voltage V1 from a common voltage generator as a reference, and a first operational amplifier for outputting a nonselection high level segment voltage V2' having an inverted voltage level of the selection high level segment voltage. The liquid crystal drive circuit also includes a second buffer circuit for outputting a selection low level segment voltage V5' using a nonselection low level common voltage V4 as a reference, and an operational amplifier for outputting a nonselection low level segment voltage V3' having an inverted voltage level of the nonselection low level segment voltage.

Abstract: A portable television reciever of the panel type, having a pocketable size, is provided with about 1/8 the number of scanning electrodes as effective T.V. picture scanning lines, and a panel type picture display device with a double matrix array in which two picture element electrodes lying on each of the signal electrodes commonly provided in the direction of the width of said scanning electrodes are disposed in opposition to each other. A display circuit is driven at a duty cycle expressed as follows: ##EQU1## where A is the number of fields constituting one frame, B is the number of horizontal periods for a video signal assigned to a scanning electrode; and C is the number of scanning lines.

Abstract: An electronic translating machine with an extended memory includes a basic memory for storing a number of codes corresponding to words constituting a dictionary in a predetermined order, and an extended memory which is arranged separately from the basic memory and which stores in a predetermined order codes corresponding to words different from the codes stored in the basic memory. When addresses are accessed, the code of a corresponding word is read out from the basic memory and the code of a corresponding word is also read out from the extended memory. These codes are compared in a comparator in a control stage of a control circuit. The comparator selects one code according to a predetermined order. The words of the codes read out from the basic memory and the extended memory are sequentially displayed at a display section in the order of words listed in a dictionary.

Abstract: An electronic dictionary stores words of a first language and words of a second language, in a first dictionary memory and a second dictionary memory, respectively. The stored words in the first and second dictionary memories can be displayed selectively as source language words at a display section upon operation of a search key on a keyboard. Either a word of the first language or a word of the second language is displayed as a corresponding object language word on the display section, after the source language word displayed at the display section is translated in response to a translation instruction.