Abstract: A pattern forming apparatus brings a masking panel having a pattern-like through hole into tight contact with the inside surface of a front panel, and positions the through hole to the inside of a recess of the front panel. In this state, liquid developer is supplied through a developing roller, and an electric field passing through a developing recess where the recess and through hole are continued. Therefore, charged developer particles are collected in the developing recess, and the recess of the front panel is developed.

Abstract: An envelope of an image display device has a first substrate formed with a phosphor screen including a phosphor layer and a second substrate opposed to the first substrate across a gap and provided with a plurality of electron emission sources which excite the phosphor layer. A plurality of columnar spacers which support an atmospheric load acting on the first and second substrates are provided between the first substrate and the second substrate. The plurality of spacers are individually bonded on the first substrate with an adhesive having an electrical resistance not higher than the electrical resistance of the spacers and set up on the first substrate.

Abstract: A spacer structure is provided between a first substrate formed with a phosphor screen and a second substrate provided with a plurality of electron emission sources. A supporting substrate of the spacer structure has a first surface opposed to the first substrate, a second surface opposed to the second substrate, and a plurality of electron beam apertures opposed to the electron emission sources. A plurality of spacers are set up on the second surface. The supporting substrate has a plurality of height reducing portions which are individually in contact with the spacers and elastically deformable in the height direction of the spacers. Each of the height reducing portions has a recess formed in the first surface so as to face the spacer and a plurality of grooves formed on the second surface and situated around the spacer.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing an image display device, a molding die having a plurality of bottomed spacer forming holes is prepared, and the individual spacer forming holes of the molding die are filled with a spacer forming material consisting mainly of glass. The molding die filled with the spacer forming material is brought into close contact with a glass substrate, which constitutes a first substrate, in a manner such that the spacer forming holes face the glass substrate. The molding die is released with the spacer forming material left on the glass substrate after the spacer forming material is cured.

Abstract: Spacers and a grid unit are provided between a first substrate having a phosphor screen formed thereon and a second substrate provided with a plurality of electron emission sources. The grid unit includes a plate-shaped grid which has a plurality of electron beam apertures opposed to the electron emission sources, individually, and is located opposite the second substrate and to which a predetermined voltage is applied, and a first dielectric layer which covers an outer surface of the grid. The grid unit includes a conductive layer, which is provided between the first dielectric layer and the second substrate and connected to a ground potential, and a second dielectric layer formed covering the conductive layer and situated between the conductive layer and the second substrate.

Abstract: In a flat image display device in which a first substrate having phosphor layers formed on an inner surface thereof and a second substrate having electron emitting elements which excite the phosphor layers are located opposite each other with a gap therebetween, the plate thickness of the second substrate is made smaller than the plate thickness of the first substrate. The second substrate is formed thinner than the first substrate so that it is more flexible. Even if spacers are subject to variation in height, therefore, the first and second substrates can be securely brought into contact with the spacers, whereby gaps between the spacers and the substrates can be eliminated, and electric discharge between the first and second substrates can be restrained.

Abstract: An envelope includes a first substrate having an image display surface, and a second substrate opposing the first substrate with a space therebetween. Electron sources for activating the image display surface are arranged on the second substrate at a predetermined pixel pitch in an X-direction and a Y-direction perpendicular to each other. Spacers are provided between the first and second substrates. The spacers are arranged at several times the pixel pitch in the X-direction, and arranged in the Y-direction at the same pitch as the pixel pitch at least in a part of the image display surface, those of the spacers arranged in the Y-direction being arranged in line with the electron sources and being located at both sides of each of the corresponding electron sources to make an electron emitted from each of the corresponding electron sources pass between each adjacent pair of those spacers.

Abstract: An image display device includes an envelope having a first substrate and a second substrate opposed to the first substrate with a gap, and a plurality of pixels arranged in the envelope. A plurality of spacers are arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate in the envelope to support atmospheric pressure acting on the,first and second substrates. Convexes and concaves having Ra of 0.2 to 0.6 ?m and Sm of 0.02 to 0.3 mm are formed on the surfaces of the spacers.

Abstract: A spacer structure is provided between a first substrate having a phosphor screen formed thereon and a second substrate provided with a plurality of electron emission sources. Each spacer structure has a supporting substrate, which is opposed to the first and second substrates and has a plurality of electron beam passage apertures opposed individually to the electron emission sources, and a plurality of spacers set up on a surface of the supporting substrate. The supporting substrate is formed by joining together a plurality of divided substrates. Joint portions between the divided substrates extend astride the electron beam passage apertures of the supporting substrate.

Abstract: In a flat image display device in which a first substrate having phosphor layers formed oh an inner surface thereof and a second substrate having electron emitting elements which excite the phosphor layers are located opposite each other with a gap therebetween, the plate thickness of the second substrate is made smaller than the plate thickness of the first substrate. The second substrate is formed thinner than the first substrate so that it is more flexible. Even if spacers are subject to variation in height, therefore, the first and second substrates can be securely brought into contact with the spacers, whereby gaps between the spacers and the substrates can be eliminated, and electric discharge between the first and second substrates can be restrained.

Abstract: A device includes a first substrate having a phosphor screen and a second substrate opposed to the first substrate across a gap and having a plurality of electron emission sources for exciting the phosphor screen. A spacer assembly for supporting an atmospheric load that acts on the first and second substrates is provided between the substrates. The spacer assembly has a plate-shaped grid and spacers set up on the grid. The volume resistance of the spacers is gradually reduced from the grid side toward the substrate side.

Abstract: A device includes a first substrate having a phosphor screen and a second substrate opposed to the first substrate across a gap and having a plurality of electron emission sources for exciting the phosphor screen. A spacer assembly for supporting an atmospheric load that acts on the first and second substrates is provided between the substrates. The spacer assembly has a plate-shaped grid and spacers set up on the grid. The volume resistance of the spacers is gradually reduced from the grid side toward the substrate side.

Abstract: A plate-like grid having a plurality of beam apertures and a plate-like molding tool are prepared. The molding tool has spacer forming holes and hole forming portions which are situated individually around the spacer forming holes to define the spacer forming holes and are formed of a UV transmitting material. The molding tool is brought in contact with a surface of the grid, whereby an assembly composed of the molding tool and the grid is formed. An ultraviolet-curing spacer forming material is filled into the spacer forming holes of the molding tool before or after the formation of the assembly. Ultraviolet rays are applied to the filled spacer forming material directly or through the hole forming portions, whereby the spacer forming material is cured. Thereafter, the molding tool is separated from the grid with the cured spacer forming material left on the grid.

Abstract: An envelope includes a first substrate having an image display surface, and a second substrate opposing the first substrate with a space therebetween. Electron sources for activating the image display surface are arranged on the second substrate at a predetermined pixel pitch in an X-direction and a Y-direction perpendicular to each other. Spacers are provided between the first and second substrates. The spacers are arranged at several times the pixel pitch in the X-direction, and arranged in the Y-direction at the same pitch as the pixel pitch at least in a part of the image display surface, those of the spacers arranged in the Y-direction being arranged in line with the electron sources and being located at both sides of each of the corresponding electron sources to make an electron emitted from each of the corresponding electron sources pass between each adjacent pair of those spacers.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes a faceplate having an image display surface, and a rear plate arranged opposite to the faceplate with a gap, and provided with a plurality of electron sources which excite the image display surface. A grid and a plurality of spacers, which keeps the distance between the plates, are provided between the faceplate and the rear plate. First spacers have a height lower than that of the second spacers.

Abstract: An image display device comprises a faceplate having an image display surface and a rear plate opposed to the faceplate across a gap and having a plurality of electron sources which excite the image display surface. A grid and a plurality of spacers which maintain the space between the plates are provided between the faceplate and the rear plate. A voltage from a voltage supply unit that is higher than a voltage applied to the faceplate is applied to the grid, so that electric discharge can never be caused directly between the faceplate and the rear plate.

Abstract: An ultraviolet-curable resin composition comprising a phosphorus atom-containing photopolymerizable compound and a carboxyl group-containing photopolymerizable compound and exhibiting surface tension at 25° C. in the range of 30 to 50 mN/m. Preferably the composition comprises (a) a compound having one or more (meth)acryloyl groups in its molecule and a phosphorus atom, (b) a compound having at least one carboxyl group and one (meth)acryloyl group in its molecule, (c) a compound having one or more (meth)acryloyl groups in its molecule, (d) a leveling agent, and (e) a photoinitiator. The ultraviolet-curable resin composition is useful as a protective material for etching, particularly as a back-coating material in the production of a shadow mask.

Abstract: An ultraviolet-curable resin composition comprises a phosphorus atom-containing photopolymerizable compound and a carboxyl group-containing photopolymerizable compound and exhibits the surface tension at 25° C. in the range of 30 to 50 mN/m. Preferably the composition comprises (a) a compound having one or more (meth)acryloyl groups in its molecule and a phosphorus atom, (b) a compound having at least one carboxyl group and one (meth)acryloyl group in its molecule, (c) a compound having one or more (meth)acryloyl groups in its molecule, (d) a leveling agent, and (e) a photoinitiator. The ultraviolet-curable resin composition is useful as a protective material for etching, particularly as a back-coating material in the production of a shadow mask.

Abstract: A shadow mask manufacturing method comprising the cleaning step performs rapid cleaning by spraying a cleaning solution, which is inert with respect to the band-like thin metal plate, upon upper and lower surfaces of the band-like thin metal plate and thereby generating cavitation near the surfaces of the band-like thin metal plate by using cavitation jet means, while regulating a position of the band-like thin metal plate and preventing the cleaning solution from leaking in a direction opposite to the conveyance direction of the band-like thin metal plate by using a first leakage-preventing seal unit provided upstream the cavitation jet means.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a shadow mask by making use of a coating apparatus, wherein a gravure roll 20 mm to 60 mm in diameter is disposed below a metallic thin plate and any supporting member is not disposed at an opposite side portion of the metallic thin plate to be contacted with the gravure roll. An etching resistant liquid is fed onto the gravure roll being rotated in a direction opposite to that of the metallic thin plate and at a peripheral speed of 4 to 25 times as high as that of a feeding speed of the metallic thin plate, and an excessive portion of the etching resistant liquid is wiped away by the doctor blade before the etching resistant liquid is transferred to the metallic thin plate thereby to form an etching resistant layer on the metallic thin plate.