Abstract: An organic thin film transistor comprising: a substrate; a source electrode and a drain electrode defining a channel; a layer of insulating material disposed over the source and drain electrodes; a layer of organic semi-conductive material extending across the channel; a layer of dielectric material; and a gate electrode disposed over the layer of dielectric material.

Abstract: A method of forming an organic thin film transistor comprising source and drain electrodes with a channel region therebetween, a gate electrode, a dielectric layer disposed between the source and drain electrodes and the gate electrode, and an organic semiconductor disposed in at least the channel region between the source and drain electrodes, said method comprising: seeding a surface in the channel region with crystallization sites prior to deposition of the organic semiconductor; and depositing the organic semiconductor onto the seeded surface whereby the organic semiconductor crystallizes at the crystallization sites forming crystalline domains in the channel region.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to manufacturing an organic transistor with an organic semiconductor film formed by a coating method, without involving a process of forming a rib for forming the organic semiconductor film. To be more specific, the organic transistor of the present invention includes: (1) a source electrode part and a drain electrode part which are formed on a substrate; (2) rib selectively formed on part of the source electrode part and the drain electrode part; (3) an organic semiconductor film placed in the region defined by the ribs and connecting the source electrode part and the drain electrode part; and (4) a gate electrode formed on the organic semiconductor film through a gate insulating film. The organic transistor of the present invention is characterized in that there is a gap between the rib formed on the source electrode part and the rib formed on the drain electrode part.

Abstract: A transflective liquid crystal display device having excellent display quality is provided which is capable of precisely controlling the alignment of liquid crystal molecules and of providing a high brightness display both in a transmissive display mode and in a reflective display mode. The transflective liquid crystal display panel has a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the substrates, pixel electrodes disposed on the surface of one of the substrates facing the liquid crystal layer, a counter electrode disposed on the surface of the other substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, and an alignment film covering the surface of each of the substrates facing the liquid crystal layer. The pixel electrodes, each including an electrode for reflective display and an electrode for transmissive display, are disposed such that the distances to the other substrate from the electrode for reflective display and from the electrode for transmissive display are different.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device, wherein liquid crystal is driven by an electric field that is parallel to a substrate, includes a plurality of gate lines (Xm−1), (Xm) and a plurality of data lines (Yn−1), (Yn) provided such that the data lines intersect with the plurality of gate lines, switching elements (13) connected to the gates lines (Xm−1) and the data lines (Yn−1), pixel electrodes (11) connected to the data lines (Yn−1) via the switching elements (13), and opposing electrodes (12) forming pairs with the pixel electrodes (11), wherein a plurality of storage capacities (14a), (14b) for maintaining a charge of the pixel electrodes (11) are provided in a distributed arrangement associated with points where the plurality of gate lines (Xm−1), (Xm) and the plurality of data lines (Yn−1), (Yn) intersect.

Abstract: A transflective liquid crystal display device having excellent display quality is provided which is capable of precisely controlling the alignment of liquid crystal molecules and of providing a high brightness display both in a transmissive display mode and in a reflective display mode. The transflective liquid crystal display panel has a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the substrates, pixel electrodes disposed on the surface of one of the substrates facing the liquid crystal layer, a counter electrode disposed on the surface of the other substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, and an alignment film covering the surface of each of the substrates facing the liquid crystal layer. The pixel electrodes, each including an electrode for reflective display and an electrode for transmissive display, are disposed such that the distances to the other substrate from the electrode for reflective display and from the electrode for transmissive display are different.

Abstract: A transflective liquid crystal display device having excellent display quality is provided which is capable of precisely controlling the alignment of liquid crystal molecules and of providing a high brightness display both in a transmissive display mode and in a reflective display mode. The transflective liquid crystal display panel has a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the substrates, pixel electrodes disposed on the surface of one of the substrates facing the liquid crystal layer, a counter electrode disposed on the surface of the other substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, and an alignment film covering the surface of each of the substrates facing the liquid crystal layer. The pixel electrodes, each including an electrode for reflective display and an electrode for transmissive display, are disposed such that the distances to the other substrate from the electrode for reflective display and from the electrode for transmissive display are different.

Abstract: A transflective liquid crystal display device having excellent display quality is provided which is capable of precisely controlling the alignment of liquid crystal molecules and of providing a high brightness display both in a transmissive display mode and in a reflective display mode. The transflective liquid crystal display panel has a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the substrates, pixel electrodes disposed on the surface of one of the substrates facing the liquid crystal layer, a counter electrode disposed on the surface of the other substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, and an alignment film covering the surface of each of the substrates facing the liquid crystal layer. The pixel electrodes, each including an electrode for reflective display and an electrode for transmissive display, are disposed such that the distances to the other substrate from the electrode for reflective display and from the electrode for transmissive display are different.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device, wherein liquid crystal is driven by an electric field that is parallel to a substrate, includes a plurality of gate lines (Xm−1), (Xm) and a plurality of data lines (Yn−1), (Yn) provided such that the data lines intersect with the plurality of gate lines, switching elements (13) connected to the gates lines (Xm−1) and the data lines (Yn−1), pixel electrodes (11) connected to the data lines (Yn−1) via the switching elements (13), and opposing electrodes (12) forming pairs with the pixel electrodes (11), wherein a plurality of storage capacities (14a), (14b) for maintaining a charge of the pixel electrodes (11) are provided in a distributed arrangement associated with points where the plurality of gate lines (Xm−1), (Xm) and the plurality of data lines (Yn−1), (Yn) intersect.

Abstract: An improved arrangement of a liquid crystal display device is provided in which the redundancy of a known but unwanted TFT (thin film transistor) defect is suppressed so that the yield per finished liquid crystal display device product can be increased without deterioration in the picture quality. Each pixel of the liquid crystal display device arranged at an intersection of one of scanning lines and one of signal lines is provided with two or three TFTs and also, a storage capacitor which is formed of a portion of a gate insulating layer and is sandwiched between its electrode and a preceding scanning line in the previous row using no extra masking procedure. The source, drain and gate electrodes of both the first and third TFTs are respectively coupled to the same signal line, the electrode of the same pixel and the adjacent scanning lines.

Abstract: An active matrix liquid crystal display device employing a thin film transistor (TFT) system includes a semiconductor of each TFT which is smaller in width than a gate bus electrode and is arranged on the gate bus electrode, and a drain electrode of the TFT is formed as a reflective pixel electrode thereby providing a light diffusion effect.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus includes a transistor array substrate having formed thereon an array of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix to form pixels, an array of switching thin film transistors arranged in a matrix for driving the pixels, respectively, gate bus lines arranged in rows for applying scanning signals to the switching thin film transistors, and source bus lines arranged in columns for applying display data signals to the switching thin film transistors. A counter substrate has formed thereon a common counter electrode confronting the pixel electrodes, and a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between the transistor array substrate and the counter substrate. The transistor array substrate further has formed thereon a common electrode disposed below the pixel electrodes through an insulating layer for constituting auxiliary capacitors with the pixel electrodes.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal projection color display apparatus having three liquid crystal display devices used for red, green and blue light, each liquid crystal display device has a liquid crystal display panel and a microlens array disposed on the light-source side or the light-source and screen sides of the liquid crystal display panel. The microlens array has a controllable refractive power which is controlled by applying an electrtical power thereto. An electrical voltage is applied between transparent electrodes formed on both surfaces of a microlens array so that the refractive power of the microlens array can be made a value adapted to suit the corresponding one of red, green and blue light.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal projection display apparatus, light is emitted from a light source and is separated and directed to pixels of a liquid crystal display element and condensed at the center of each pixel with a first microlens array. The light which has passed through the liquid crystal display element is converted into approximately parallel rays with a second microlens array. The light which has passed through the second microlens array is projected onto a screen via a projection lens.

Abstract: A projection type liquid crystal display device for transmitting three color light beams of RGB through three TN type liquid crystal panels and projecting the transmitted light beams optimizes the RGB transmission characteristics by changing the crossing angles of the polarization axes of a polarizer and an analyzer with respect to the orientation directions of the respective RGB TN cells in specified directions, and also a projection type liquid crystal display device for transmitting a light beam through a TN type liquid crystal panel and projecting the transmitted light beam effects temperature-compensation of the transmission characteristics of the liquid crystal panels by controlling the crossing angle of the polarization axes of a polarizer and an analyzer.

Abstract: A display device includes; a first group of bus lines for transmitting a display signal; a second group of bus lines for transmitting a scan signal and a display unit formed at an intersecting point between the first bus line and the second bus line. The first group and the second group of bus lines are formed in a matrix. The display device further includes switching elements which are selectively opened or closed, the switching elements being provided between the bus lines in the first group or in the second group. Accordingly, even when one of the bus lines is broken, a signal can be supplied from the other bus line to the broken bus line through this switching element.

Abstract: In a color liquid crystal display apparatus of twisted nematic type, thicknesses of the liquid crystal layer is made different for different color picture elements, thereby optical rotatory dispersion which has been the cause of undesirable light transmittance at 0 voltage input is minimized, so that contrast, range of reproduced color, view angle dependency, etc. are improved, and a color liquid crystal display apparatus capable of displaying splendid picture quality is provided.

Abstract: An oxide-coated cathode used for the electron tubes such as cathode ray tubes and camera tubes, comprising as the base a sintered product principally composed of an alkaline earth metal compound and a high-melting-point metal and having high heat conductivity and low specific resistance, said sintered product being either used singly or layered on a high-melting-point metal body containing a reducible element or elements as impurity, and an oxide cathode material coated on said base, and a method of producing such oxide-coated cathode.