Abstract: Disclosed is a method of manufacturing a cathode for a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) including preparing an electrode composition containing urea, ultrasonically spraying the electrode composition onto a GDC scaffold, and drying the scaffold. By using urea, calcination (?700° C.) after each infiltration cycle can be omitted, the next infiltration cycle is performed immediately after the drying (?100° C.), and thus the cathode manufacturing process time can be greatly reduced. Disclosed is also a solid oxide fuel cell including an anode support, an anode functional layer disposed on the anode support, an electrolyte disposed on the anode functional layer, and a cathode disposed on the electrolyte, wherein the cathode is formed by ultrasonic spraying using an electrode composition containing urea.

Abstract: A method for estimating and controlling the rotor position of a SRM comprises the steps of sampling phase currents and estimating phase fluxes from at least one excited phase of the SRM, sampling phase currents and estimating phase inductances from at least one unexcited phase of the SRM, and estimating the rotor position by determining a rotor position that is common to the estimated phase flux and the estimated phase inductance solutions to predetermining flux and inductance models. The estimation of rotor position can be less sensitive to measurement noise by applying a least squares technique. Once the rotor position has been estimated by the above method, the position of the rotor can be controlled so as to provide an overall effective control of the SRM. In particular, once the position of the rotor is estimated, the excitation provided to the motor is then adjusted to urge the rotor from its current position, velocity or torque toward a desired position, velocity or torque.