Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition comprising a combination of (A) a 1-thio-D-glucitol compound represented by the general formula (I) and (B) at least one member of the group consisting of biguanides, insulin secretagogues, insulin sensitizers, insulins, dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors, ?-glucosidase inhibitors, and GLP-1 mimetics, has superior efficacy in preventing or treating diabetes mellitus, diseases associated with diabetes mellitus, or complications of diabetes mellitus and yet it causes no appreciable side effects.

Abstract: A nozzle for continuous casting of clean steel is capable of preventing adhesion of Al2O3-based inclusions to a wall surface of the inner hole of the nozzle while fully achieving an effect of a swirl vane. The swirl vane prevents drift in molten steel passing through the inner hole. The swirl vane is disposed in the inner hole. A wall surface is at least partly formed as a tubular-shaped refractory layer and is prepared by controlling a weight ratio of CaO/MgO and an apparent porosity to have a thickness of 3 to 20 mm, so as to prevent adhesion of Al2O3-based inclusions to the wall surface and the swirl vane while effectively maintaining the anti-drift effect for long hours. Further, inert gas is injected into a molten steel flow between an upper nozzle and the swirl vane to facilitate surfacing of Al2O3-based inclusions in a mold and reduce Al2O3-based inclusions in molten steel so as to achieve stable casting operation and high-quality steel with high cleanness.

Abstract: Disclosed is a nozzle for continuous casting of clean steel, capable of preventing adhesion of Al2O3-based inclusions to a wall surface of the inner hole of the nozzle while fully achieving an effect of a swirl vane provided as a means to prevent occurrence of drift in molten steel passing through the inner hole. The swirl vane is disposed in the inner hole having the wall surface at least partly formed as a tubular-shaped refractory layer prepared by controlling a weight ratio of CaO/MgO and an apparent porosity to have a thickness of 3 to 20 mm, so as to prevent adhesion of Al2O3-based inclusions to the wall surface and the swirl vane while effectively maintaining the anti-drift effect for long hours. Further, inert gas is injected into a molten steel flow between an upper nozzle and the swirl vane to facilitate surfacing of Al2O3-based inclusions in a mold and reduce Al2O3-based inclusions in molten steel so as to achieve stable casting operation and high-quality steel with high cleanness.

Abstract: An objective refraction measurement apparatus includes a separate chart having a pair of charts arranged separately, an optical system for projecting the separate chart to an eye to be examined through a focusing lens and a diaphragm having a pair of through holes arranged corresponding to the separate arrangement of the pair of charts, an operating unit for performing focusing operation to the eye, and a control unit for moving the focusing lens on the basis of the focusing operation along the optical axis direction by the operating unit to obtain the projection images of the pair of charts in the separate chart to the eye in an identical condition or a non-identical condition, thereby to perform a subjective measurement of the eye.

Abstract: An objective refraction measuring system of an ophthalmic apparatus measures a refractive power of an eye to be examined in an objective manner under the condition that a gazing chart of a gazing target system is fixed to the eye to be examined. An arithmetic-logic unit obtains an objective measurement value of the eye to be examined on the basis of the measurement result by the objective refraction measuring system and the gazing target system. A control unit controls a continuous objective measurement while fogging the gazing chart after setting the gazing chart of the gazing chart system to a far-sight position of the eye to be examined which is obtained by using the gazing target system. With such measurement, the continuous objective measurement values by fogging the gazing chart of the gazing target system is obtained from the far-sight position based upon the objective measurement of the eye to be examined. Thus, the limit of the adjustment force of the eye to be examined is precisely measured.