Abstract: The present disclosure provides a rod-type pile foundation for preventing a pile body from being heaved and an operating method. The rod-type pile foundation comprises a base, a support block fixed inside the base, a support plate movably disposed at a top of the support block by a guide structure, and an anti-frost heaving component located at a lower portion of the support block. The anti-frost heaving component includes a first connecting rod rotationally connected with the support block and one or more telescopic rods. One end of each of the telescopic rods is fixed on the first connecting rod. A scraping plate is fixed at another end of each of the telescopic rods. The support plate is in transmission connection with the first connecting rod through a transmission component. The transmission component converts a vertical linear motion of the support plate into a rotation of the first connecting rod.