Abstract: A cutting tool insert with a cemented carbide and a coating. The cemented carbide substrate includes WC, 7 to 12 wt-% Co, 5 to 11 wt-% cubic carbides of metals from the groups IVb, Vb and VIb with a binder phase that is highly alloyed with cobalt. The tungsten carbide phase has a mean intercept length of 0.7 to 1.4 ?m. The coating includes at least one 2 to 12 ?m thick ?-Al2O3 layer composed of columnar grains with texture coefficients: TC(012)>2.2 and TC(024)>0.6×TC(012).

Abstract: The present invention concerns a coated cemented carbide cutting tool insert particularly useful for turning of cast irons. The cutting tool insert is characterized by a cemented carbide body comprising WC, cubic carbonitrides, a W-alloyed Co binder phase, a surface zone of the cemented carbide body that is binder phase enriched and nearly free of cubic carbonitride phase, and a coating including an innermost layer of TiCxNyOz with equiaxed grains, a layer of TiCxNyOz with columnar grains and at least one layer of Al2O3.

Abstract: A new and refined method to produce ?-Al2O3 layers in a temperature range of from about 750 to about 1000° C. with a controlled growth texture and substantially enhanced wear resistance and toughness than the prior art is disclosed. The ?-Al2O3 layer of the present invention is formed on a bonding layer of (Ti,Al)(C,O,N) with increasing aluminium content towards the outer surface. Nucleation of ?-Al2O3 is obtained through a nucleation step being composed of short pulses and purges consisting of Ti/Al-containing pulses and oxidising pulses. The ?-Al2O3 layer according to the present invention has a thickness ranging from about 1 to about 20 ?m and is composed of columnar grains. The length/width ratio of the alumina grains is from about 2 to about 12, preferably from about 4 to about 8. The layer is characterized by a strong (104) growth texture, measured using XRD, and by low intensity of (012), (110), (113), (024) and (116) diffraction peaks.

Abstract: The present invention introduces a new and refined method to produce ?-Al2O3 layers with substantially better wear resistance and toughness than the prior art. The ?-Al2O3 layer of the present invention is formed on a bonding layer of (Ti,Al)(C,O,N) with increasing aluminium content towards the outer surface. Nucleation of ?-Al2O3 is obtained through a nucleation step being composed of both aluminizing and oxidization steps. The ?-Al2O3 layer according to this invention has a thickness ranging from 1 to 20 ?m and is composed of columnar grains. The length/width ratio of the alumina grains is from 2 to 12, preferably 5 to 9. The layer is characterized by a strong (012) growth texture, measured using XRD, and by the almost total absence (104), (110), (113) and (116) diffraction peaks.

Abstract: A refined method to produce textured ?-Al2O3 layers in a temperature range of from about 750 to about 1000° C. with a controlled texture and substantially enhanced wear resistance and toughness than the prior art is disclosed. The ?-Al2O3 layer is deposited on a bonding layer of (Ti,Al) (C,O,N) with increasing aluminium content towards the outer surface. Nucleation of ?-Al2O3 is obtained through a nucleation step being composed of short pulses and purges consisting of Ti/Al-containing pulses and oxidizing pulses. The ?-Al2O3 layer according to this invention has a thickness ranging from about 1 to about 20 ?m and is composed of columnar grains. The length/width ratio of the alumina grains is from about 2 to about 12, preferably from about 5 to about 8. The layer is characterized by a strong (116) growth texture, measured using XRD, and by low intensity of (012), (110), (113) (024) and diffraction peaks.

Abstract: A refined method to produce textured ?-Al2O3 layers in a temperature range of 750-1000° C. with a controlled texture and substantially enhanced wear resistance and toughness than the prior art is disclosed. The ?-Al2O3 layer is formed on a bonding layer of (Ti,Al)(C,O,N) with increasing aluminium content towards the outer surface. Nucleation of ?-Al2O3 is obtained through a nucleation step composed of short pulses and purges of Ti-containing and oxidizing steps. The ?-Al2O3 layer has a thickness ranging from 1 to 20 ?m and is composed of columnar grains. The length/width ratio of the alumina grains is from 2 to 15, preferably 6 to 10. The layer is characterised by a strong (110) growth texture, measured using XRD, and by the low intensity of (012), (104), (113), (024) and (116) diffraction peaks.

Abstract: The present invention introduces a new and refined method to produce ?-Al2O3 layers with substantially better wear resistance and toughness than the prior art. The ?-Al2O3 layer of the present invention is formed on a bonding layer of (Ti,Al)(C,O,N) with increasing aluminium content towards the outer surface. Nucleation of ?-Al2O3 is obtained through a nucleation step being composed of both aluminizing and oxidization steps. The ?-Al2O3 layer according to this invention has a thickness ranging from 1 to 20 ?m and is composed of columnar grains. The length/width ratio of the alumina grains is from 2 to 12, preferably 5 to 9. The layer is characterized by a strong (012) growth texture, measured using XRD, and by the almost total absence (104), (110), (113) and (116) diffraction peaks.

Abstract: A cutting tool insert with a cemented carbide and a coating. The cemented carbide substrate includes WC, 7 to 12 wt-% Co, 5 to 11 wt-% cubic carbides of metals from the groups IVb, Vb and VIb with a binder phase that is highly alloyed with cobalt. The tungsten carbide phase has a mean intercept length of 0.7 to 1.4 ?m. The coating includes at least one 2 to 12 ?m thick ?-Al2O3 layer composed of columnar grains with texture coefficients: TC(012)>2.2 and TC(024)>0.6×TC(012).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a coated cemented carbide insert (cutting tool), particularly useful for milling of stainless steels and super alloys but also milling of steels in toughness demanding applications. The cutting tool insert is characterised by a cemented carbide body comprising WC, NbC and TaC, a W-alloyed Co binder phase, and a coating comprising an innermost layer of TiCxNyOz with equiaxed grains, a layer of TiCxNyOz with columnar grains and a layer of ?-Al2O3.

Abstract: Wear resistance of the prior-art Ti(C,N) layers can be considerably enhanced by optimising the grain size and microstructure. Considerably better wear resistance in, for example in many carbon steels, can be obtained by modifying the grain size and morphology of prior art MTCVD Ti(C,N) coatings. The improved coating is composed of small columnar crystals. Doping by using CO, CO2, ZrCl4, HfCl4 and AlCl3 or combinations of these can ensure the control of the grain size and shape. Doping has to be controlled carefully in order maintain the columnar structure and also in order to avoid nanograined structures and oxidisation. The preferred grain size should be in the sub-micron region with the grain width of from about 30 to about 300 nm. The length to width ratio should be more than 5, preferably more than 10 and the coating should exhibit a strong preferred growth orientation along 422 or 331. The XRD line broadening should be weak.

Abstract: Wear resistance of the prior-art Ti(C,N) layers can be considerably enhanced by optimising the grain size and microstructure. This invention describes a method to obtain controlled, fine, equiaxed grain morphology in Ti(C,N) layers produced using moderate temperature CVD (MTCVD). The control of the grain size and shape can be obtained by doping using CO, CO2, ZrCl4 and AlCl3 or combinations of these. Doping has to be controlled carefully in order to avoid nanograined structures and oxidisation. This kind of coatings shows new enhanced wear properties. The fine grain size together with equiaxed grain morphology enhances the toughness of the coating with at least maintained wear resistance, which can be seen especially in sticky steels like stainless steels. The optimum grain size is from about 50 to about 300 nm, preferably from about 50 to about 150.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a coated cemented carbide cutting tool insert particularly useful for turning of cast irons. The cutting tool insert is characterised by a cemented carbide body comprising WC, cubic carbonitrides, a W-alloyed Co binder phase, a surface zone of the cemented carbide body that is binder phase enriched and nearly free of cubic carbonitride phase, and a coating including an innermost layer of TiCxNyOz with equiaxed grains, a layer of TiCxNyOz with columnar grains and at least one layer of Al2O3.

Abstract: A coated sintered cemented carbide body includes a cemented carbide body, a first layer adjacent the cemented carbide body, the first layer including Ti(C,N) and having a thickness of from about 3 to about 20 &mgr;m, an alumina layer adjacent said first layer, the alumina layer including &agr;-Al2O3 or &kgr;-Al2O3 and having a thickness of from about 1 to about 15 &mgr;m, and a further layer adjacent the aluminum layer of a carbide, carbonitride or carboxynitride of one or more of Ti, Zr and Hf, the further layer having a thickness of from about 1 to 15 &mgr;m. A friction-reducing layer, including one or more of &ggr;-Al2O3, &kgr;-A12O3 and nanocrystalline Ti(C,N) and having a thickness of from about 1 to about 5 &mgr;m, can be adjacent to the further layer. A method to cut steel with a sintered cemented carbide body where the alumina is &agr;-Al2O3 and a method to cut cast iron with a sintered cemented carbide body where the alumina is &agr;-Al2O3.

Abstract: A coated sintered cemented carbide body includes a cemented carbide body, a first layer adjacent the cemented carbide body, the first layer including Ti(C,N) and having a thickness of from about 3 to about 20 &mgr;m, an alumina layer adjacent said first layer, the alumina layer including &agr;-Al2O3 or &kgr;-Al2O3 and having a thickness of from about 1 to about 15 &mgr;m, and a further layer adjacent the aluminum layer of a carbide, carbonitride or carboxynitride of one or more of Ti, Zr and Hf, the further layer having a thickness of from about 1 to 15 &mgr;m. A friction-reducing layer, including one or more of &ggr;-Al2O3, &kgr;-Al2O3 and nanocrystalline Ti(C,N) and having a thickness of from about 1 to about 5 &mgr;m, can be adjacent to the further layer. A method to cut steel with a sintered cemented carbide body where the alumina is &agr;-Al2O3 and a method to cut cast iron with a sintered cemented carbide body where the alumina is &agr;-Al2O3.

Abstract: A coated sintered cemented carbide body includes a cemented carbide body, a first layer adjacent the cemented carbide body, the first layer including Ti(C,N) and having a thickness of from about 3 to about 20 &mgr;m, an alumina layer adjacent said first layer, the alumina layer including &agr;-Al2O3 or &kgr;-Al2O3 and having a thickness of from about 1 to about 15 &mgr;m, and a further layer adjacent the aluminum layer of a carbide, carbonitride or carboxynitride of one or more of Ti, Zr and Hf, the further layer having a thickness of from about 1 to 15 &mgr;m. A friction-reducing layer, including one or more of &ggr;-Al2O3, &kgr;-Al2O3 and nanocrystalline Ti(C,N) and having a thickness of from about 1 to about 5 &mgr;m, can be adjacent to the further layer. A method to cut steel with a sintered cemented carbide body where the alumina is &agr;-Al2O3 and a method to cut cast iron with a sintered cemented carbide body where the alumina is &agr;-Al2O3.

Abstract: The present invention introduces a new and refined method to produce &agr;-Al2O3 layers with substantially better wear resistance and toughness than the prior art. The &agr;-Al2O3 layer of the present invention is formed on a bonding layer of (Ti,Al)(C,O,N) with increasing aluminium content towards the outer surface. Nucleation of &agr;-Al2O3 is obtained through a nucleation step being composed of both aluminising and oxidisation steps. The &agr;-Al2O3 layer according to this invention has a thickness ranging from 1 to 20 &mgr;m and is composed of columnar grains. The length/width ratio of the alumina grains is from 2 to 12, preferably 5 to 9. The layer is characterised by a strong (012) growth texture, measured using XRD, and by the almost total absence (104), (110), (113) and (116) diffraction peaks.

Abstract: A coated body having a multi-layer of &kgr;-Al2O3 and or &ggr;-Al2O3 or TiN applied by MTCVD (Medium Temperature Chemical Vapor Deposition) is disclosed. The multi-layers can be interspersed with layers of Ti(C,N) which can also be applied by MTCVD. The body which is coated is preferably a cemented carbide, cermet, ceramic and/or high speed steel and may be used as a metal cutting insert.

Abstract: A method of forming a coated body having a nanocrystalline CVD coating of Ti(C,N,O) is disclosed. The coating is formed using the MTCVD process and including, as part of the gaseous mixture, CO, CO2 or mixtures therof. The use of this dopant during the coating results in a much smaller, equiaxed grain size.

Abstract: A cutting tool insert includes a cemented carbide substrate and a coating. The cemented carbide substrate comprises WC, 4-7 wt % cobalt, 6-9 wt % cubic carbide forming metals from the groups IVB and VB, preferably titanium, tantalum and niobium, with a binder phase enriched surface zone with a thickness of >20 &mgr;m, preferably between 21 and 50 &mgr;m. The coating comprises a first layer adjacent the cemented carbide substrate of Ti(C,N) having a thickness of from about 3 to about 15 &mgr;m, an alumina layer adjacent said first layer having a thickness of from about 3 to about 15 &mgr;m, said alumina layer being composed of &agr;-Al2O3, a further layer adjacent the alumina layer of a Ti(C,N) or Ti(C,O,N) having a thickness of from about 1 to 10 &mgr;m. The total thickness of the coating being less than 30 &mgr;m, preferably less than 20 &mgr;m. Inserts according to the invention exhibit favourable wear resistance and edge strength when turning steel.

Abstract: A cutting tool insert particularly useful for wet and dry milling of low and medium alloyed steels and stainless steels includes a cemented carbide body with a coating consisting of an MTCVD Ti(C,N) layer and a multi-layer coating being composed of &kgr;-Al2O3 and TiN or Ti(C,N) layers.