Abstract: A framework consistent with thermodynamic principles to decipher the DNA methylation process utilizes a probability density function of DNA methylation information-divergence, summarizes the statistical biophysics underlying spontaneous methylation background, and bears on the channel capacity of molecular machines conforming to Shannon's capacity theorem. Contributions from the molecular machine (enzyme) logical operations to Gibbs entropy (S) and Helmholtz free energy (F) are intrinsic. Biomedical and biopharmaceutical industrial applications are achievable by way of estimating S on methylome datasets. As a thermodynamic state variable, the individual methylome entropy is completely determined by the current state of the system, which in biological terms translates to a correspondence between estimated entropy values and observable phenotypic state.

Abstract: Genomic-word-frameworks (GWF) analysis of DNA methylation involves analysis of methylation motifs and digital signal processing. GWFs are stretches of DNA sequence covering differentially methylated positions (DMPs). This analysis permits the identification of DNA sequence methylation motifs found in genes with potential epigenetic regulatory functionalities, such as those induced by environmental changes or disease. The analytical heuristic can be implemented and used to identify DNA sequences of methylation motifs with high order DNA base interdependence with respect to methylated cytosines and a base distribution that is statistically nonrandom. These findings set the basis for further model prediction. For example, such model prediction can be used for identifying and treating patients of autism, cancer, and other diseases that benefit from early diagnostics.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for obtaining plants that exhibit useful traits by perturbation of plastid function in plant rootstocks and grafting the rootstocks to scions. Methods for identifying genetic loci that provide for useful traits in plants and plants produced with those loci are also provided. In addition, plants that exhibit the useful traits, parts of the plants including seeds, and products of the plants are provided as well as methods of using the plants. Recombinant DNA vectors and transgenic plants comprising those vectors that provide for plastid perturbation are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for obtaining plants that exhibit useful traits by perturbation of plastid function in plant rootstocks and grafting the rootstocks to scions. Methods for identifying genetic loci that provide for useful traits in plants and plants produced with those loci are also provided. In addition, plants that exhibit the useful traits, parts of the plants including seeds, and products of the plants are provided as well as methods of using the plants. Recombinant DNA vectors and transgenic plants comprising those vectors that provide for plastid perturbation are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for obtaining plants that exhibit useful traits by perturbation of plastid function in plant rootstocks and grafting the rootstocks to scions. Methods for identifying genetic loci that provide for useful traits in plants and plants produced with those loci are also provided. In addition, plants that exhibit the useful traits, parts of the plants including seeds, and products of the plants are provided as well as methods of using the plants. Recombinant DNA vectors and transgenic plants comprising those vectors that provide for plastid perturbation are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for obtaining plants that exhibit useful traits by perturbation of plastid function in plant rootstocks and grafting the rootstocks to scions. Methods for identifying genetic loci that provide for useful traits in plants and plants produced with those loci are also provided. In addition, plants that exhibit the useful traits, parts of the plants including seeds, and products of the plants are provided as well as methods of using the plants. Recombinant DNA vectors and transgenic plants comprising those vectors that provide for plastid perturbation are also provided.

Abstract: Methods for obtaining plants that exhibit useful traits by perturbation of plastid function in plants are provided. Methods for identifying genetic loci that provide for useful traits in plants and plants produced with those loci are also provided. In addition, plants that exhibit the useful traits, parts of the plants including seeds, and products of the plants are provided as well as methods of using the plants. Recombinant DNA vectors and transgenic plants comprising those vectors that provide for plastid perturbation are also provided.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to nematode responsive domains obtained from soybean promoters for phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine ribonucleotide (FGAM) synthase paralogs. The nematode responsive domains can be used in promoters that are linked to heterologous DNA. Such constructs can be expressed in transfected or transformed soybean and used in the control of nematode infection of soybean.

Abstract: Plant MSH1 polynucleotides and polypeptides are described. Also described are methods for the use and modulation of such MSH1 polynucleotides and polypeptides.

Abstract: Plant MSH1 polynucleotides and polypeptides are described. Also described are methods for the use and modulation of such MSH1 polynucleotides and polypeptides.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to nematode responsive domains obtained from soybean promoters for phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine ribonucleotide (FGAM) synthase paralogs. The nematode responsive domains can be used in promoters that are linked to heterologous DNA. Such constructs can be expressed in transfected or transformed soybean and used in the control of nematode infection of soybean.

Abstract: Plant MSH1 polynucleotides and polypeptides are described. Also described are methods for the use and modulation of such MSH1 polynucleotides and polypeptides.