Abstract: There is provided a vaccine composition for protecting subjects against infections caused by piliated Haemophilus influenzae organisms which comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and whole H. influenzae pili, designated vaccine pili, previously separated from other H. influenzae components, in an amount capable of raising the antibody level of the subject to a level sufficient to provide such protection said vaccine comprising pili of at least one type selected from a group of pili types designated LKP1 through LKP8 said vaccine pili being agglutinable by anti sera derived from pili derived from organisms of at least one strain of one of the following said types. Methods of utilizing said vaccines are also provided.