Abstract: A noncontact temperature sensing device receives radiative emissions from a sensed object to measure radiant heat flux and computes a temperature using multiple photodiode sensors, or elements, each sensitive to a different bandwidth of near IR light. The device samples a fluctuating heat source such as a flame or explosion at a fast sampling frequency, and compares corresponding or simultaneous readings in each bandwidth for computing a ratio of the respective bands and determining a temperature via ratio pyrometry. Multiple sensors of adjacent bands each receive corresponding readings of near IR emissions, perform fast, concurrent sampling to mitigate inconsistencies of heat source fluctuations, and compute a temperature based on a ratio between the sampled readings of the different bands. Near IR detection allows common and inexpensive photodiodes to be employed, and the photoelectric rather than thermoelectric sensing allows faster sampling and at a greater distance from the sensed heat source.

Abstract: A volatile liquid storage container has combustion resistance properties from a flexible sock or tube constructed of fire resistant fibers coupled to a neck of the storage container to prevent flame flash-back into the storage container. The storage container defines an enclosed volume having an orifice in the container material leading to a neck for pouring and filling the enclosed volume for exchanging the contents therein. The tube is elongated and surrounds a circumference of the orifice for engaging any ignition source entering through the orifice. The flexible nature of the tube or sock allows it to extend to an opposed interior surface of the enclosed volume, and ensures that the tube or sock is immersed in the fluid for encircling any ignition path to the volatile liquid without interfering with an ability to pour or refill the container.

Abstract: A noncontact temperature sensing device receives radiative emissions from a sensed object to measure radiant heat flux and computes a temperature using multiple photodiode sensors, or elements, each sensitive to a different bandwidth of near IR light. The device samples a fluctuating heat source such as a flame or explosion at a fast sampling frequency, and compares corresponding or simultaneous readings in each bandwidth for computing a ratio of the respective bands and determining a temperature via ratio pyrometry. Multiple sensors of adjacent bands each receive corresponding readings of near IR emissions, perform fast, concurrent sampling to mitigate inconsistencies of heat source fluctuations, and compute a temperature based on a ratio between the sampled readings of the different bands. Near IR detection allows common and inexpensive photodiodes to be employed, and the photoelectric rather than thermoelectric sensing allows faster sampling and at a greater distance from the sensed heat source.