Abstract: A 400 Gb/s transmitter is integrated on a silicon substrate. The transmitter uses four gain chips, sixteen lasers, four modulators to modulate the sixteen lasers at 25 Gb/s, and four multiplexers to produce four optical outputs. Each optical output can transmit at 100 Gb/s to produce a 400 Gb/s transmitter. Other variations are also described.

Abstract: Incremental checkpoint, for use in data replication, track the changes made to a file system after a point in time at which the incremental checkpoint is created. Data replication techniques using the incremental checkpoints may include taking a regular checkpoint of the file system and creating the first time full copy on remote node using the regular checkpoint. Changes made to the file system are then tracked in an incremental checkpoint that are stored on the remote node. The processes of taking the incremental checkpoint and storing the incremental checkpoint are iteratively performed. The first time fully copy and the incremental checkpoints may then be used for data replication, backup, continuous data protection (CDP), or the like.

Abstract: A connected classroom system provides for local and remote control and display of media streams. An instructor may, for instance, direct audio/video streams of the instructor to any number of displays and speakers located within a classroom. The system may send and receive control instructions to and from remote classrooms as well, through a network interface. The control instructions may configure any set of presentation devices in any classroom to reproduce any content originating from any source within any classroom. Accordingly, multiple classrooms located in disparate locations may participate in media exchanges arising from any source, including instructors and individual student seating locations within the classrooms.

Abstract: An on-demand learning system provides an enhanced leaning environment capable of delivering relevant content on virtually any topic to specific learners. The learning system implements technical features that facilitate curation and subject matter validation of many different types of content. The technical architecture of the learning system also supports intelligent matching of learners to subject matter areas, creation of specific subject matter boards, and resilient maintenance of the boards.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for coordinating service execution within a shared storage cluster file system environment to optimize cluster performance is disclosed. In one embodiment, the method includes accessing host information in memory comprising mappings between file data and a plurality of nodes, wherein the mappings indicate at least one portion of the file data that is accessed by at least one node of the plurality of nodes on behalf of at least one application and executing at least one service on the at least one node of the plurality of nodes using at least one processor, wherein the at least one service accesses the at least one portion of the file data in the memory.

Abstract: A method for providing data protection in object-based storage environments may include: 1) taking a first snapshot, at a first time, of a set of partitions that store data of a file system on a set of object storage devices; 2) using the first snapshot to sync the data of the file system with a data protection node; 3) taking a second snapshot, at a second time, of the set of partitions; 4) using information from the set of object storage devices to identify at least one object that changed between the first and second times; 5) using object identification information to deduce file identification information that identifies a file that comprises the changed object; and 6) sending the changed object and the file identification information to the data protection node. Various other methods, systems, and computer-readable media are also disclosed.

Abstract: A system is described for providing roadmaps for building proficiencies in skill areas. The system may include a memory, interface, and processor. The memory may store skill area and skill level identifiers, and associated job experience data items describing tasks of a user within the skill area and skill level, formal learning data items describing learning activities of a user within the skill area and skill level, and collaborative data items describing collaborative roles of a user within the skill area and skill level. The processor may receive the skill area and skill level identifiers. The processor may retrieve the job experience, formal learning and collaborative data items associated with the skill area and the skill level identifiers. The processor may transform the data items into a roadmap describing the job experience, formal learning and collaborative data items recommended to reach the skill level, and provide the roadmap to the user.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method and system for managing resources. The method includes receiving a request, within an electronic system, which corresponds to an object of a file system and accessing a local data structure. The data structure comprises information corresponding to a plurality of inode numbers. The method further includes performing the request and updating the local data structure based on the request. The updating of the local data structure is independent of a plurality of data structures of a cluster of servers.

Abstract: A method, in one embodiment, can include allowing storage allocation of data of a file system within an object based storage system. Furthermore, the method can include determining if storage allocation usage for the file system is below a threshold. If the storage allocation usage for the file system is not below the threshold, a client is requested to flush its dirty data associated with the file system. After requesting a client flush, the method can include determining the storage allocation usage for the file system. In addition, the method can include determining periodically if the storage allocation usage has reached a quota. If the quota is reached, the quota is enforced for the data of the file system.

Abstract: A method and system for multi-staged recovery of a distributed computer system. The method includes receiving a failure event notification from at least one node of the distributed computer system and executing a plurality of recovery stages upon receiving the failure event notification by using a recovery manager, wherein each of the plurality of recovery stages performs a defined recovery task. The progress of recovery is tracked by using at least one state machine executed by the recovery manager, wherein the state machine reflects progress of each of the recovery stages. The progress of recovery is monitored to a completion by using the state machine and the recovery manager.

Abstract: Incremental checkpoint, for use in data replication, track the changes made to a file system after a point in time at which the incremental checkpoint is created. Data replication techniques using the incremental checkpoints may include taking a regular checkpoint of the file system and creating the first time full copy on remote node using the regular checkpoint. Changes made to the file system are then tracked in an incremental checkpoint that are stored on the remote node. The processes of taking the incremental checkpoint and storing the incremental checkpoint are iteratively performed. The first time fully copy and the incremental checkpoints may then be used for data replication, backup, continuous data protection (CDP), or the like.

Abstract: A method for implementing continuous data replication in a distributed computer system. The method includes receiving a forwarded data object write I/O from a data server. The method further includes examining attribute information of the data object to determine a consistency group for the data object. A replication policy is examined in view of the consistency group of the data object to determine a destination redundancy server. The data object write I/O is forwarded to the destination redundancy server for storage. An acknowledgment is then sent to the data server upon storage of the data object in the destination redundancy server.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method and system for managing resources. The method includes receiving a request, within an electronic system, which corresponds to an object of a file system and accessing a local data structure. The data structure comprises information corresponding to a plurality of inode numbers. The method further includes performing the request and updating the local data structure based on the request. The updating of the local data structure is independent of a plurality of data structures of a cluster of servers.

Abstract: A method and system for multi-staged recovery of a distributed computer system. The method includes receiving a failure event notification from at least one node of the distributed computer system and executing a plurality of recovery stages upon receiving the failure event notification by using a recovery manager, wherein each of the plurality of recovery stages performs a defined recovery task. The progress of recovery is tracked by using at least one state machine executed by the recovery manager, wherein the state machine reflects progress of each of the recovery stages. The progress of recovery is monitored to a completion by using the state machine and the recovery manager.

Abstract: A method, in one embodiment, can include allowing storage allocation of data of a file system within an object based storage system. Furthermore, the method can include determining if storage allocation usage for the file system is below a threshold. If the storage allocation usage for the file system is not below the threshold, a client is requested to flush its dirty data associated with the file system. After requesting a client flush, the method can include determining the storage allocation usage for the file system. In addition, the method can include determining periodically if the storage allocation usage has reached a quota. If the quota is reached, the quota is enforced for the data of the file system.

Abstract: A system is described for providing roadmaps for building proficiencies in skill areas. The system may include a memory, interface, and processor. The memory may store skill area and skill level identifiers, and associated job experience data items describing tasks of a user within the skill area and skill level, formal learning data items describing learning activities of a user within the skill area and skill level, and collaborative data items describing collaborative roles of a user within the skill area and skill level. The processor may receive the skill area and skill level identifiers. The processor may retrieve the job experience, formal learning and collaborative data items associated with the skill area and the skill level identifiers. The processor may transform the data items into a roadmap describing the job experience, formal learning and collaborative data items recommended to reach the skill level, and provide the roadmap to the user.

Abstract: A client computer system of a cluster may send a request to create a file in a cluster file system. A server may create a file in response to the information and allocate space in a storage to the file. If a request to write to the file is received within a predetermined amount of time, the write may complete without requiring that additional operations be performed to allocate space to the file. If a write to the file is not received within the predetermined amount of time, the space allocated to the file when it was created may be de-allocated. The file system may additionally or alternatively perform a method for opening a file while delaying an associated truncation of space allocated to the file. If a request to write to the file is received within a predetermined amount of time, the write may be performed in the space already allocated to the file.

Abstract: A method, system, and apparatus to encapsulate one or more file systems in a union of file systems without modifying or copying information in each file directory entry in each file system are presented. In one embodiment, this is accomplished in part by linking an inode list file from the file system to be encapsulated with an inode list file of the union of file systems, and merging a free extent map of the to-be-encapsulated file system with the free extent map file of the union file system.

Abstract: A client computer system of a cluster may send a request to create a file in a cluster file system. A server may create a file in response to the information and allocate space in a storage to the file. If a request to write to the file is received within a predetermined amount of time, the write may complete without requiring that additional operations be performed to allocate space to the file. If a write to the file is not received within the predetermined amount of time, the space allocated to the file when it was created may be de-allocated. The file system may additionally or alternatively perform a method for opening a file while delaying an associated truncation of space allocated to the file. If a request to write to the file is received within a predetermined amount of time, the write may be performed in the space already allocated to the file.

Abstract: System and method for partial file migration in file systems by Hierarchical Storage Management (HSM) applications. Embodiments may provide an automated mechanism for HSM applications to partially migrate files by migrating the inactive parts of the files to offline storage while leaving the active parts of the files on disk and active in the file system. In embodiments, access information including timestamps may be recorded and maintained at the subfile level to enable detection of inactivity at the subfile level and hence partial file migration by migrating only the inactive parts of files. The parts of files may be extents, blocks, or ranges. The access information may be recorded and maintained in-memory only, in a separate file on disk, or in extent descriptors for the files.