Abstract: A fluid catalytic cracking process for p-cresol dimer to produce valuable phenolic monomers, i.e., 2-methyl phenol, 4-methyl phenol, 2,3-xylenol, and phenol, uses an equilibrium catalyst (E-cat) generated in the petroleum fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit. The p-cresol dimer can be processed under relatively mild conditions, while maximizing desired and minimizing undesired products.

Abstract: Oil soluble organic-inorganic fused slurry phase hydroprocessing catalysts for heavy oils and residues are prepared at supercritical conditions. The hydrodemetallization, hydrodesulfurization, asphaltene conversion and hydrocracking activities of a residue having high percentage of metals, sulfur and asphaltene have been tested in an autoclave batch reactor. The different organic compounds are used to modify the solid fused material (catalyst). The effect of the concentration of modifier on the hydroprocessing and hydrocracking reactions has also been investigated.

Abstract: Waste plastics are mixed with heavy crude and vacuum residues at temperature within the range from 180-220° C. and the resulting mixture are hydroprocessed to produce lighter products. The hydrodemetallization, asphaltene conversion and hydrocracking activities of the resulting mixture have been tested in an autoclave batch reactor. This process provides a very cheap material and method to upgrade problematic feeds to produce transportation fuels.

Abstract: Waste plastics are mixed with heavy crude and vacuum residues at temperature within the range from 180-220° C. and the resulting mixture are hydroprocessed to produce lighter products. The hydrodemetallization, asphaltene conversion and hydrocracking activities of the resulting mixture have been tested in an autoclave batch reactor. This process provides a very cheap material and method to upgrade problematic feeds to produce transportation fuels.

Abstract: An improved catalyst for hydrodemetallization of heavy crude oils and residua is disclosed. The catalyst is adopted for fixed bed hydroprocessing units. The invention is characterized for having a large pore diameter catalyst principally for hydrodemetallization of heavy oil and residue in a first reactor of a multi-reactor process. The catalyst has high demetallizing activity and high metal deposition capacity which results in good stability with time on stream (TOS). The hydrorefining catalyst is obtained by kneading a porous starting powder principally composed of gamma-alumina and having a pore capacity of 0.3-0.6 ml/g or larger and a mean pore diameter of 10 to 26 nm, extrudating and calcining, and after that supported with active metals component of elements belonging to groups VIIIB and VIB of the periodic table.

Abstract: Oil soluble organic-inorganic fused slurry phase hydroprocessing catalysts for heavy oils and residues are prepared at supercritical conditions. The hydrodemetallization, hydrodesulfurization, asphaltene conversion and hydrocracking activities of a residue having high percentage of metals, sulfur and asphaltene have been tested in an autoclave batch reactor. The different organic compounds are used to modify the solid fused material (catalyst). The effect of the concentration of modifier on the hydroprocessing and hydrocracking reactions has also been investigated.

Abstract: This invention reveals a method for synthesizing a hydrotreating catalyst wherein the support is prepared by mixing of peptized alumina with an amorphous silica or crystalline aluminum silicate as one component of the catalyst. The catalyst comprises a group VI metal and/or a group VIII metal of the periodic table. The catalyst exhibits improved hydrocracking, hydrodesulfurization and hydrodemetallization activities and has a relatively stable life with time on stream. Thus, the invention concerns a method for developing a catalyst for hydroprocessing of heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks which is characterized by two steps: the first step consists of the optimization of a catalyst formulation with respect to the textural properties, number of acid sites, active metal incorporation. The second step consists of the evaluation with real feedstock and catalyst stability with time-on-stream.

Abstract: An improved catalyst for hydrodemetallization of heavy crude oils and residua is disclosed. The catalyst is adopted for fixed bed hydroprocessing units. The invention is characterized for having a large pore diameter catalyst principally for hydrodemetallization of heavy oil and residue in a first reactor of a multi-reactor process. The catalyst has high demetallizing activity and high metal deposition capacity which results in good stability with time on stream (TOS). The hydrorefining catalyst is obtained by kneading a porous starting powder principally composed of gamma-alumina and having a pore capacity of 0.3-0.6 ml/g or larger and a mean pore diameter of 10 to 26 nm, extrudating and calcining, and after that supported with active metals component of elements belonging to groups VIIIB and VIB of the periodic table.

Abstract: An improved catalyst for hydrodemetallization of heavy crude oils and residua is disclosed. The catalyst is adopted for fixed bed hydroprocessing units. The invention is characterized for having a large pore diameter catalyst principally for hydrodemetallization of heavy oil and residue in a first reactor of a multi-reactor process. The catalyst has high demetallizing activity and high metal deposition capacity which results in good stability with time on stream (TOS). The hydrorefining catalyst is obtained by kneading a porous starting powder principally composed of gamma-alumina and having a pore capacity of 0.3-0.6 ml/g or larger and a mean pore diameter of 10 to 26 nm, extrudating and calcining, and after that supported with active metals component of elements belonging to groups VIIIB and VIB of the periodic table.

Abstract: A supported carbon having high surface area, high pore volume containing (i) molybdenum (ii) a metal of non noble Group VIII, (iii) phosphorous, is used for hydrometallization of heavy crude oil and residue. The catalyst contains about 6 to 15 wt % molybdenum as MoO3, about 1 to 6 wt % cobalt or nickel as CoO or NiO and phosphorus as phosphorous oxide. One characteristic of the catalyst is the portion of pores having pore diameter in the range of 200 to 2000 Angstrom of 20 percent or more. The catalyst prepared by chelating agent has higher hydrodesulfurization activity assuming that more dispersed active metals are present on this catalyst. Long run activity studies show that catalyst having only molybdenum supported on activated carbon has good stability with time-on-stream and very high metal retention capacity.

Abstract: A catalyst for hydrotreating, especially hydrodesulfurization, of residua and heavy crudes is prepared by synthesizing the support from titanium and boehmite, to form either a titanium/alumina support (TiO2/Al2O3) or a titanium-alumina support (TiO2—Al2O3) that is thereafter provided with at least one hydrogenating metal from group VIB in oxide form and a promoter from group VIII also in oxide form. The (TiO2/Al2O3) support is prepared from boehmite, which is peptized by using an inorganic acid, then extruded, calcined and impregnated with a solution containing titanium, while the (TiO2—Al2O3) support is prepared by admixing boehmite with a titanium-containing solution, peptized using an inorganic acid, extruded and calcined to obtain the titanium-alumina support.

Abstract: A catalyst for hydrotreating, especially hydrodesulfurization, of residua and heavy crudes is prepared by synthesizing the support from titanium and boehmite, to form either a titanium/alumina support (TiO2/Al2O3) or a titanium-alumina support (TiO2—Al2O3) that is thereafter provided with at least one hydrogenating metal from group VIB in oxide form and a promoter from group VIII also in oxide form. The (TiO2/Al2O3) support is prepared from boehmite, which is peptized by using an inorganic acid, then extruded, calcined and impregnated with a solution containing titanium, while the (TiO2—Al2O3) support is prepared by admixing boehmite with a titanium-containing solution, peptized using an inorganic acid, extruded and calcined to obtain the titanium-alumina support.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for synthesizing a hydroprocessing catalyst, wherein the support is prepared by mixing peptized aluminium with amorphous silica or with crystalline aluminium silicate as a catalyst component. The catalyst comprises a metal from group VIB and/or a metal from group VIIIB of the Periodic Table. The catalyst exhibits enhanced activity vis-à-vis hydrodisintegration, hydrodemetallization and hydrodesulphurization, and has a relatively stable life as a function of run time. Thus, the invention relates to a method for developing a catalyst for hydroprocessing heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks, which is characterized in that it comprises two steps: the first step involves optimization of the catalyst formulation with respect to textural properties, the number of acid sites and incorporation of the active metal; the second step involves evaluation with real feedstocks and the stability of the catalyst as is function of run time.

Abstract: An improved catalyst for hydrodemetallization of heavy crude oils and residua is disclosed. The catalyst is adopted for fixed bed hydroprocessing units. The invention is characterized for having a large pore diameter catalyst principally for hydrodemetallization of heavy oil and residue in a first reactor of a multi-reactor process. The catalyst has high demetallizing activity and high metal deposition capacity which results in good stability with time on stream (TOS). The hydrorefining catalyst is obtained by kneading a porous starting powder principally composed of gamma-alumina and having a pore capacity of 0.3-0.6 ml/g or larger and a mean pore diameter of 10 to 26 nm, extrudating and calcining, and after that supported with active metals component of elements belonging to groups VIIIB and VIB of the periodic table.

Abstract: A supported carbon having high surface area, high pore volume containing (i) molybdenum (ii) a metal of non noble Group VIII, (iii) phosphorous, is used for hydrometallization of heavy crude oil and residue. The catalyst contains about 6 to 15 wt % molybdenum as MoO3, about 1 to 6 wt % cobalt or nickel as CoO or NiO and phosphorus as phosphorous oxide. One characteristic of the catalyst is the portion of pores having pore diameter in the range of 200 to 2000 Angstrom of 20 percent or more. The catalyst prepared by chelating agent has higher hydrodesulfurization activity assuming that more dispersed active metals are present on this catalyst. Long run activity studies show that catalyst having only molybdenum supported on activated carbon has good stability with time-on-stream and very high metal retention capacity.