Abstract: The present invention provides methods for lowering a viral load of a virus resistant to an antiviral drug by inducing cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) to recognize a predetermined mutated epitope within a viral protein of the drug-resistant virus. CTLs are induced by immunizing a host with a peptide comprising the predetermined mutation. The immunostimulating peptide may be further improved by epitope-enhancement for inducing specific CTLs. The antiviral protection against drug-resistant virus shown by compositions of the present invention and mediated by human HLA-restricted CTL has not been previously achieved.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for lowering a viral load of a virus resistant to an antiviral drug by inducing cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) to recognize a predetermined mutated epitope within a viral protein of the drug-resistant virus. CTLs are induced by immunizing a host with a peptide comprising the predetermined mutation. The immunostimulating peptide may be further improved by epitope-enhancement for inducing specific CTLs. The antiviral protection against drug-resistant virus shown by compositions of the present invention and mediated by human HLA-restricted CTL has not been previously achieved.

Abstract: A method of increasing the bioavailability upon oral administration of a pharmacologically active target agent, particularly an antitumor or antineoplastic agent which exhibits poor or inconsistent oral bioavailability (e.g., paclitaxel, docetaxel or etoposide), comprises the oral co-administration to a mammalian patient of the target agent and an oral bioavailability-enhancing agent (e.g., cyclosporin A, cyclosporin D, cyclosporin F or ketoconazole). The enhancing agent may be administered orally from 0.5-24 hrs. prior to the oral administration of one or more doses of the target agent, substantially simultaneously with the target agent or both prior to and substantially simultaneously with the target agent.

Abstract: A method of increasing the bioavailability upon oral administration of a pharmacologically active target agent, particularly an antitumor or antineoplastic agent which exhibits poor or inconsistent oral bioavailability (e.g., paclitaxel, docetaxel or etoposide), comprises the oral co-administration to a mammalian patient of the target agent and an oral bioavailability-enhancing agent (e.g., cyclosporin A, cyclosporin D, cyclosporin F or ketoconazole). The enhancing agent may be administered orally from 0.5-24 hrs. prior to the oral administration of one or more doses of the target agent, substantially simultaneously with the target agent or both prior to and substantially simultaneously with the target agent.

Abstract: A method of increasing the bioavailability upon oral administration of a pharmacologically active target agent, particularly an antitumor or antineoplastic agent which exhibits poor or inconsistent oral bioavailability (e.g., paclitaxel, docetaxel or etoposide), comprises the oral co-administration to a mammalian patient of the target agent and an oral bioavailability-enhancing agent (e.g., cyclosporin A, cyclosporin D, cyclosporin F or ketoconazole). The enhancing agent may be administered orally from 0.5-24 hrs. prior to the oral administration of one or more doses of the target agent, substantially simultaneously with the target agent or both prior to and substantially simultaneously with the target agent.

Abstract: Taxane antineoplastic agents which have heretofore exhibited poor or non-existent oral bioavailability are administered orally to human patients suffering from taxane-responsive disease conditions and made sufficiently bioavailable to achieve therapeutic blood levels. In a preferred embodiment, the taxane, preferably paclitaxel, is co-administered to the patient with an oral cyclosporin enhancing agent, preferably cyclosporin A. By one preferred method, a dose of oral enhancer is administered about 0.5-72 hours before the taxane and a second dose of the enhancer and administered immediately before, together with or immediately after the taxane. A method of treating human patients suffering from taxane-responsive disease conditions is also provided, as well as a method for providing such treatment while preventing or reducing hypersensitivity and allergic reactions without the need for pre-medication.

Abstract: A method of increasing the bioavailability upon oral administration of a pharmacologically active target agent, particularly an antitumor or antineoplastic agent which exhibits poor or inconsistent oral bioavailability (e.g., paclitaxel, docetaxel or etoposide), comprises the oral co-administration to a mammalian patient of the target agent and an oral bioavailability-enhancing agent (e.g., cyclosporin A, cyclosporin D, cyclosporin F or ketoconazole). The enhancing agent may be administered orally from 0.5-24 hrs. prior to the oral administration of one or more doses of the target agent, substantially simultaneously with the target agent or both prior to and substantially simultaneously with the target agent.

Abstract: A method of increasing the bioavailability upon oral administration of a pharmacologically active target agent, particularly an antitumor or antineoplastic agent which exhibits poor or inconsistent oral bioavailability (e.g., paclitaxel, docetaxel or etoposide), comprises the oral co-administration to a mammalian patient of the target agent and an oral bioavailability-enhancing agent (e.g., cyclosporin A, cyclosporin D, cyclosporin F or ketoconazole). The enhancing agent may be administered orally from 0.5-24 hrs. prior to the oral administration of one or more doses of the target agent, substantially simultaneously with the target agent or both prior to and substantially simultaneously with the target agent.

Abstract: Taxane antineoplastic agents which have heretofore exhibited poor or non-existent oral bioavailability are administered orally to human patients suffering from taxane-responsive disease conditions and made sufficiently bioavailable to achieve therapeutic blood levels. In a preferred embodiment, the taxane, preferably paclitaxel, is co-administered to the patient with an oral cyclosporin enhancing agent, preferably cyclosporin A. By one preferred method, a dose of oral enhancer is administered about 0.5-72 hours before the taxane and a second dose of the enhancer and administered immediately before, together with or immediately after the taxane. A method of treating human patients suffering from taxane-responsive disease conditions is also provided, as well as a method for providing such treatment while preventing or reducing hypersensitivity and allergic reactions without the need for pre-medication.

Abstract: Taxane antineoplastic agents which have heretofore exhibited poor or non-existent oral bioavailability are administered orally to human patients suffering from taxane-responsive disease conditions and made sufficiently bioavailable to achieve therapeutic blood levels. In a preferred embodiment, the taxane, preferably paclitaxel, is co-administered to the patient with an oral cyclosporin enhancing agent, preferably cyclosporin A. By one preferred method, a dose of oral enhancer is administered about 0.5-72 hours before the taxane and a second dose of the enhancer and administered immediately before, together with or immediately after the taxane. A method of treating human patients suffering from taxane-responsive disease conditions is also provided, as well as a method for providing such treatment while preventing or reducing hypersensitivity and allergic reactions without the need for pre-medication.

Abstract: A method of increasing the bioavailability upon oral administration of a pharmacologically active target agent, particularly an antitumor or antineoplastic agent which exhibits poor or inconsistent oral bioavailability (e.g., paclitaxel, docetaxel or etoposide), comprises the oral co-administration to a mammalian patient of the target agent and an oral bioavailability-enhancing agent (e.g., cyclosporin A, cyclosporin D, cyclosporin F or ketoconazole). The enhancing agent may be administered orally from 0.5-24 hrs. prior to the oral administration of one or more doses of the target agent, substantially simultaneously with the target agent or both prior to and substantially simultaneously with the target agent.

Abstract: A method of increasing the bioavailability upon oral administration of a pharmacologically active target agent, particularly an antitumor or antineoplastic agent which exhibits poor or inconsistent oral bioavailability (e.g., paclitaxel, docetaxel or etoposide), comprises the oral co-administration to a mammalian patient of the target agent and an oral bioavailability-enhancing agent (e.g., cyclosporin A, cyclosporin D, cyclosporin F or ketoconazole). The enhancing agent may be administered orally from 0.5-24 hrs. prior to the oral administration of one or more doses of the target agent, substantially simultaneously with the target agent or both prior to and substantially simultaneously with the target agent.

Abstract: Taxane antineoplastic agents which have heretofore exhibited poor or non-existent oral bioavailability are administered orally to human patients suffering from taxane-responsive disease conditions and made sufficiently bioavailable to achieve therapeutic blood levels. In a preferred embodiment, the taxane, preferably paclitaxel, is co-administered to the patient with an oral cyclosporin enhancing agent, preferably cyclosporin A. By one preferred method, a dose of oral enhancer is administered about 0.5-72 hours before the taxane and a second dose of the enhancer and administered immediately before, together with or immediately after the taxane. A method of treating human patients suffering from taxane-responsive disease conditions is also provided, as well as a method for providing such treatment while preventing or reducing hypersensitivity and allergic reactions without the need for pre-medication.

Abstract: Taxane antineoplastic agents which have heretofore exhibited poor or non-existent oral bioavailability are administered orally to human patients suffering from taxane-responsive disease conditions and made sufficiently bioavailable to achieve therapeutic blood levels. In a preferred embodiment, the taxane, preferably paclitaxel, is co-administered to the patient with an oral cyclosporin enhancing agent, preferably cyclosporin A. By one preferred method, a dose of oral enhancer is administered about 0.5-72 hours before the taxane and a second dose of the enhancer and administered immediately before, together with or immediately after the taxane. A method of treating human patients suffering from taxaneresponsive disease conditions is also provided, as well as a method for providing such treatment while preventing or reducing hypersensitivity and allergic reactions without the need for pre-medication.

Abstract: A method of increasing the bioavailability upon oral administration of a pharmacologically active target agent, particularly an antitumor or antineoplastic agent which exhibits poor or inconsistent oral bioavailability (e.g., paclitaxel, docetaxel or etoposide), comprises the oral co-administration to a mammalian patient of the target agent and an oral bioavailability-enhancing agent (e.g., cyclosporin A, cyclosporin D, cyclosporin F or ketoconazole). The enhancing agent may be administered orally from 0.5-24 hrs. prior to the oral administration of one or more doses of the target agent, substantially simultaneously with the target agent or both prior to and substantially simultaneously with the target agent.

Abstract: The present invention comprises methods and compositions for the treatment of bronchorestrictive disorders, including asthma, in humans or animals. The methods and compositions are effective in treatment of inflammatory responses, such as those found in asthma and other related pathologies.

Abstract: A method of increasing the bioavailability upon oral administration of a pharmacologically active target agent, particularly an antitumor or antineoplastic agent which exhibits poor or inconsistent oral bioavailability (e.g., paclitaxel, docetaxel or etoposide), comprises the oral co-administration to a mammalian patient of the target agent and an oral bioavailability-enhancing agent (e.g., cyclosporin A, cyclosporin D, cyclosporin F or ketoconazole). The enhancing agent may be administered orally from 0.5-24 hrs. prior to the oral administration of one or more doses of the target agent, substantially simultaneously with the target agent or both prior to and substantially simultaneously with the target agent.

Abstract: A method of increasing the bioavailability upon oral administration of a pharmacologically active target agent, particularly an antitumor or antineoplastic agent which exhibits poor or inconsistent oral bioavailability (e.g., paclitaxel or etoposide), comprises the oral co-administration to a mammalian patient of the target agent and an oral bioavailability-enhancing agent, (e.g., cyclosporin A, cyclosporin D, ketoconazole or captopril). The enhancing agent may be administered orally from 0.5-24 hrs. prior to the oral administration of one or more doses of the target agent, substantially simultaneously with the target agent or both prior to and substantially simultaneously with the target agent.

Abstract: A method of treating a patient suffering from antigen-induced asthma who has been challenged with an antigen, or providing chronic treatment to an asthma patient to reduce airway hyperresponsiveness, comprising intrabronchial administration to the patient of a pharmaceutical composition containing in each dose about 0.05 to about 1.0 mg of ultra-low molecular weight heparins (ULMWH), having an average molecular weight of 3,000 daltons or less, per kilogram of patient body weight, Inhalant pharmaceutical compositions for use in the novel treatment method are also provided.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting intracellular replication of HIV in an HIV-infected individual comprising contacting the HIV reverse transcriptase in the HIV-infected cells with 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate whose source is 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof.