Abstract: Systems and apparatuses for blood oxygenation are disclosed. A system includes a first layer defining a plurality of banks of first channels each extending in a first direction. The plurality of banks of first channels are configured to receive blood via a trunk channel. The system includes a second layer defining a bank of second channels extending in a second direction. The bank of second channels are configured to receive oxygen. The first direction is different from the second direction. The system includes a membrane disposed between the first layer and the second layer and configured to cause the oxygen to permeate from the second layer to the first layer to oxygenate the blood.

Abstract: Disclosed is a wafer-scale chip structure including a semiconductor wafer and multiple dies on the semiconductor wafer. The dies can include at least two dies with different patterns of fill shapes. Also disclosed are wafer-scale chip design methods and systems. In the design methods and systems, post-chip layout wafer-level topography optimization is performed to, for example, minimize performance variations between dies of the same design within the wafer-scale chip. Specifically, across-wafer die placement and wafer-level topography information is used to custom design and/or select different patterns of fill shapes to be inserted into the layouts of dies placed at different locations across the wafer-scale chip (including different patterns to be inserted into the layouts of dies that have the same design) in order to generate a design that minimizes either all across-wafer thickness variations or at least across-wafer thickness variations associated with specific dies having the same specific design.

Abstract: A precious metal source verification system includes a quantity of precious metal being formed into a shape. A quantity of trace elements is imprinted into the shape with the precious metal such that the trace elements are detectible within the shape. The quantity of trace elements defines a signature for the shape. The quantity of trace elements is at least partially destroyed or altered upon melting of the shape wherein the signature is destroyed if the shape is altered. The system provides verification of provenance of the precious metal when the signature is maintained.

Abstract: Methods and systems for online services applications and application functions to provide User Equipment (UE)-generated information to network data analytics to support network automation and optimization are provided. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a method for an online services application or Application Function (AF) to provide UE-Generated Information (UGI) to support network automation and optimization comprises, at a Network Data Analytics (NWDA) function: receiving UGI that was collected by a UE or by an online services AF; generating network automation and optimization information based on at least some of the received UGI; and sending the network automation and optimization information to a Radio Access Network (RAN).

Abstract: Methods and systems for online services applications and application functions to provide User Equipment (UE)-generated information to network data analytics to support network automation and optimization are provided. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a method for an online services application or Application Function (AF) to provide UE-Generated Information (UGI) to support network automation and optimization comprises, at a Network Data Analytics (NWDA) function: receiving UGI that was collected by a UE or by an online services AF; generating network automation and optimization information based on at least some of the received UGI; and sending the network automation and optimization information to a Radio Access Network (RAN).

Abstract: Methods and systems for End-to-End (E2E) User Equipment (UE) trajectory network automation are herein provided. According to one aspect, a network node for E2E UE trajectory network automation, such as a Network Data Analytics Function (NWDAF), receives, from a requesting entity, information identifying a future E2E UE trajectory, the E2E UE trajectory comprising a start location, an end location, and zero or more intermediate locations between the start location and the end location; calculates a E2E mobility trajectory prediction for the identified future E2E UE trajectory; and sends, to the requesting entity, the calculated E2E mobility trajectory prediction. The requesting entity may be a trusted entity or an untrusted entity, such as a Third Party Provider (3PP) outside of the trusted domain of the network. If the requesting entity selects a mobility trajectory, the network node sends mobility management and optimization information to a Radio Access Network node.

Abstract: Methods and systems for End-to-End (E2E) User Equipment (UE) trajectory network automation are herein provided. According to one aspect, a network node for E2E U E trajectory network automation, such as a Network Data Analytics Function (NWDAF), receives, from a requesting entity, information identifying a future E2E UE trajectory, the E2E UE trajectory comprising a start location, an end location, and zero or more intermediate locations between the start location and the end location; calculates a E2E mobility trajectory prediction for the identified future E2E UE trajectory; and sends, to the requesting entity, the calculated E2E mobility trajectory prediction. The requesting entity may be a trusted entity or an untrusted entity, such as a Third Party Provider (3PP) outside of the trusted domain of the network. If the requesting entity selects a mobility trajectory, the network node sends mobility management and optimization information to a Radio Access Network node.