Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure describe pre-catalysts comprising including one or more of indium oxide, indium hydroxide, indium oxyhydroxide, an active oxide, and a refractory oxide. Embodiments of the present disclosure also describe method of making pre-catalysts based on one or more of impregnation, precipitation or co-precipitation, ball milling, and metal-organic framework (MOF)-mediated synthesis. Embodiments of the present disclosure further describe methods of activating pre-catalysts and synthesizing one or more of methanol and olefins using catalysts obtained from the pre-catalysts.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure describe pre-catalysts comprising including one or more of indium oxide, indium hydroxide, indium oxyhydroxide, an active oxide, and a refractory oxide. Embodiments of the present disclosure also describe method of making pre-catalysts based on one or more of impregnation, precipitation or co-precipitation, ball milling, and metal-organic framework (MOF)-mediated synthesis. Embodiments of the present disclosure further describe methods of activating pre-catalysts and synthesizing one or more of methanol and olefins using catalysts obtained from the pre-catalysts.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing a spherical material comprising a porous core coated with a continuous and homogeneous porous layer, the degree of attrition of said material being less than 20%. Said preparation process comprises a) bringing a bed of spherical particles constituting the core of said material into contact with a suspension containing an inorganic binder in order to form a solid having a pre-layer around said core; b) bringing the solid derived from step a) into contact, in a stream of hot air, with a powder constituted by spherical particles of an inorganic oxide and a suspension containing an inorganic binder and an organic binder in order to form a solid the core of which is coated with at least one continuous and homogeneous porous layer, the ratio of the (mass of anhydrous inorganic binder/volume of powder particles) being in the range 0.05 to 1 g.mL?1; c) drying the solid derived from said step b); and d) calcining the solid derived from said step c).