Abstract: A method for forming a trench gate dielectric layer is described. First, a substrate having a trench therein is provided. An in-situ steam generated oxidation process is performed to form a sacrificial layer on the surface of the trench. Then, the sacrificial layer is removed. Next, a low-pressure chemical vapor deposition is performed to form a gate dielectric layer on the surface of the trench.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an anti-punch through semiconductor device is described. The method is applied to a substrate having a plurality of device isolation structures in parallel arrangements and the upper surface of the device isolation structures is protruded from the surface of the substrate. A plurality of conductive layers in parallel arrangement is formed on the substrate and crosses the device isolation structures. A plurality of trench devices is formed between device isolation structures under the conductive layers. Each trench device includes a first conductive doping region at the bottom of the trench. The method further includes forming spacers on the sidewalls of the device isolation structures and the conductive layers. A dopant implant process is then performed by using the spacers as a mask to form a second conductive doping region between adjacent first conductive doping regions.

Abstract: A dual-axis hinge includes at least a connecting section, an upper hinge and a lower hinge. The connecting section has two sides orthogonally connected to the upper and lower hinges respectively. The connecting section has a circuit cavity that communicates with circuit outlets of the upper and lower hinges to form a passage for accommodating a transmission circuit. The upper hinge is connected to a first sleeve for joining the top cover of a folding electronic product, and the lower hinge is connected to a second sleeve for joining the body of the folding electronic product. These connections enable the top cover to rotate in at least two different directions.

Abstract: A flash memory cell array comprises a substrate, a string of memory cell structures and source region/drain region. Each of memory cell structures includes a stack gate structure including a select gate dielectric layer, a select gate and a gate cap layer formed on the substrate; a spacer is set on the sidewall of the select gate; a control gate connected to the stack gate structure is set on the one side of the stack gate structure; a floating gate is set between the control gate and the substrate; an inter-gate dielectric layer is set between the control gate and the floating gate; and a tunneling dielectric layer is set between the floating gate and the substrate. The source region/drain region is set in the substrate near outer control gate and stack gate structure of the flash memory cell array.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a non-volatile memory is disclosed. First, a semiconductor device is formed in a substrate, and the top of the semiconductor device is higher than the surface of the substrate. Then, a first dielectric layer is formed on the substrate, and the first dielectric layer covers the semiconductor device and the substrate. A portion of the first dielectric layer is removed so as to retain a portion of the first dielectric layer on the sidewall of the semiconductor device and the substrate. Afterwards, a second dielectric layer and a conductive layer are sequentially formed on the substrate, and a corresponding pair of mask spacers is formed on the conductive layer disposed on the sidewall of the semiconductor device. Finally, the mask spacers are used as an etching mask to continuously etch a portion of the conductive layer until the surface of the second dielectric layer is exposed.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a shallow trench isolation structure adapted for a substrate, is provided. A dielectric film is formed on the substrate and then a buffer layer having a first thickness is formed on the dielectric film. Then, a hard mask layer having a second thickness is formed on the buffer layer. The hard mask layer, the buffer layer, the dielectric film and the substrate are patterned to form an opening in the hard mask layer, the buffer layer and the dielectric film and a trench in the substrate. An insulating layer is formed to fill up the opening and the trench. Thereafter, the hard mask layer, a portion of the insulating layer and the buffer layer are removed to form a shallow trench isolation structure that protrudes out of the substrate surface.

Abstract: A method of forming contact holes is provided. A substrate having a plurality of device structures is provided. A first dielectric layer and a conductive layer sequentially cover the device structures and the surface of the substrate. A recess is formed in the conductive layer between every two neighboring device structures. A pair of composite spacers is formed in the recess. By using the composite spacers as a mask, a portion of the exposed conductive layer is removed to form a plurality of openings between every two neighboring device structures. A second dielectric layer is then formed on the sidewalls of the openings. A third dielectric layer is formed over the substrate. Portions of the third dielectric layer and the first dielectric layer above the openings are removed to form a plurality of self-aligned contact holes.

Abstract: A method for fabricating self-aligned conductive lines is provided. A substrate with a plurality of isolation structures is provided. The isolation structures are protrusive from the surface of the substrate, and an active region is defined between two adjacent isolation structures. A plurality of semiconductor devices is formed in the active region. A conductive material layer is then formed on the substrate. Thereafter, a portion of the conductive material layer is removed by using the isolation structures as a removing-stop layer until the surfaces of the isolation structures are exposed and a plurality of conductive lines are formed in a self-aligned manner to electrically connect devices. As the size of the devices is scaled down, the design rule of the lithography process does not limit the size of self-aligned conductive lines. Consequently, the fabricated conductive lines are capable of effectively connecting the semiconductor devices.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device is disclosed suitable for a substrate having a first conducting structure and a first dielectric layer, wherein the dielectric layer covers the first conductive structure. The method includes the steps of forming a second conductive structure over the substrate adjacent to the first conductive structure. Then, the size of the second conductive structure is reduced so that a top surface of the second conductive structure is relatively lower than that of the first conductive structure. Thereafter, a second dielectric layer is formed over the substrate to cover the first and the second conductive structure. A via is formed in the second dielectric layer to expose the top surface of the first conductive structure. Finally, a via plug is formed in the via.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing semiconductor devices having self-aligned contacts is provided. Multiple isolation structures are formed on the substrate to define an active area. Multiple gate structures are formed on the substrate. Multiple doped areas are formed in the substrate beside each gate structure. Multiple first spacers are formed on the sidewalls of each of the gate structure. Multiple second spacers are formed on the sidewalls of each of the isolation structure. A dielectric layer is formed on the substrate. Then, a self-aligned process is performed to form multiple contact openings in the dielectric layer between the gate structures. The conductive material is filled in the contact openings.

Abstract: A method of fabricating conductive lines is described. A substrate having a polysilicon layer thereon is provided. A mask layer having an opening that exposes the polysilicon layer is formed on the polysilicon layer. Then, spacers are formed on the sidewalls of the mask layer. Using the mask layer and the spacers as a mask, a portion of the polysilicon layer is removed until the substrate is exposed. After that, an insulating layer that completely fills the opening is formed over the substrate. The insulating layer has an etching selectivity different from the mask layer. Thereafter, the mask layer is removed to expose the polysilicon layer and then a metal silicide layer is formed on the upper surface of the polysilicon layer.

Abstract: A method for forming a trench gate dielectric layer is described. First, a substrate having a trench therein is provided. An in-situ steam generated oxidation process is performed to form a sacrificial layer on the surface of the trench. Then, the sacrificial layer is removed. Next, a low-pressure chemical vapor deposition is performed to form a gate dielectric layer on the surface of the trench.

Abstract: A method of forming contact holes is provided. A substrate having a plurality of device structures is provided. A first dielectric layer and a conductive layer sequentially cover the device structures and the surface of the substrate. A recess is formed in the conductive layer between every two neighboring device structures. A pair of composite spacers is formed in the recess. By using the composite spacers as a mask, a portion of the exposed conductive layer is removed to form a plurality of openings between every two neighboring device structures. A second dielectric layer is then formed on the sidewalls of the openings. A third dielectric layer is formed over the substrate. Portions of the third dielectric layer and the first dielectric layer above the openings are removed to form a plurality of self-aligned contact holes.

Abstract: A flash memory cell array comprises a substrate, a string of memory cell structures and source region/drain region. Each of memory cell structures includes a stack gate structure including a select gate dielectric layer, a select gate and a gate cap layer formed on the substrate; a spacer is set on the sidewall of the select gate; a control gate connected to the stack gate structure is set on the one side of the stack gate structure; a floating gate is set between the control gate and the substrate; an inter-gate dielectric layer is set between the control gate and the floating gate; and a tunneling dielectric layer is set between the floating gate and the substrate. The source region/drain region is set in the substrate near outer control gate and stack gate structure of the flash memory cell array.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an anti-punch through semiconductor device is described. The method is applied to a substrate having a plurality of device isolation structures in parallel arrangements and the upper surface of the device isolation structures is protruded from the surface of the substrate. A plurality of conductive layers in parallel arrangement is formed on the substrate and crosses the device isolation structures. A plurality of trench devices is formed between device isolation structures under the conductive layers. Each trench device includes a first conductive doping region at the bottom of the trench. The method further includes forming spacers on the sidewalls of the device isolation structures and the conductive layers. A dopant implant process is then performed by using the spacers as a mask to form a second conductive doping region between adjacent first conductive doping regions.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a flash memory cell is provided. The method includes providing a substrate and forming a patterned mask layer over the substrate. Using the patterned mask layer as an etching mask, the substrate is etched to form a trench. Thereafter, a first dielectric layer is formed over the substrate and then a first gate and a second gate is formed beside each sidewall of the trench. A first source/drain region is formed in the substrate at the bottom of the trench. A second dielectric layer is formed over the substrate and then a passivation layer is formed over the second dielectric layer. Afterwards, a portion of the passivation layer, the second dielectric layer and the first dielectric layer are removed. A third gate is formed in the trench and then the mask layer is removed. A third dielectric layer is formed on the substrate. Thereafter, a fourth and a fifth gate are formed beside the respective sidewall of the first gate and the second gate.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a flash memory cell is provided. The method includes providing a substrate and forming a patterned mask layer over the substrate. Using the patterned mask layer as an etching mask, the substrate is etched to form a trench. Thereafter, a first dielectric layer is formed over the substrate and then a first gate and a second gate is formed beside each sidewall of the trench. A first source/drain region is formed in the substrate at the bottom of the trench. A second dielectric layer is formed over the substrate and then a passivation layer is formed over the second dielectric layer. Afterwards, a portion of the passivation layer, the second dielectric layer and the first dielectric layer are removed. A third gate is formed in the trench and then the mask layer is removed. A third dielectric layer is formed on the substrate. Thereafter, a fourth and a fifth gate are formed beside the respective sidewall of the first gate and the second gate.

Abstract: A signal light and rear-view mirror arrangement is constructed to include a circuit board mounted in the back recess of a vehicle rear-view mirror and adapted to control a set of lamps to flash, and a lens covered on the back side of the vehicle rear-view mirror, the lens having a plurality of raised portions protruded from the inner surface and forming a honeycomb-like condensing area adapted to condense and refract light from the lamps, a transparent area surrounding the honeycomb-like condensing area, and a photomask covered on the outer surface of the lens corresponding to the condensing area.

Abstract: A flash memory cell array comprises a substrate, a string of memory cell structures and source region/drain region. Each of memory cell structures includes a stack gate structure including a select gate dielectric layer, a select gate and a gate cap layer formed on the substrate; a spacer is set on the sidewall of the select gate; a control gate connected to the stack gate structure is set on the one side of the stack gate structure; a floating gate is set between the control gate and the substrate; an inter-gate dielectric layer is set between the control gate and the floating gate; and a tunneling dielectric layer is set between the floating gate and the substrate. The source region/drain region is set in the substrate near outer control gate and stack gate structure of the flash memory cell array.

Abstract: A flash memory cell array comprises a substrate, a string of memory cell structures and source region/drain region. Each of memory cell structures includes a stack gate structure including a select gate dielectric layer, a select gate and a gate cap layer formed on the substrate; a spacer is set on the sidewall of the select gate; a control gate connected to the stack gate structure is set on the one side of the stack gate structure; a floating gate is set between the control gate and the substrate; an inter-gate dielectric layer is set between the control gate and the floating gate; and a tunneling dielectric layer is set between the floating gate and the substrate. The source region/drain region is set in the substrate near outer control gate and stack gate structure of the flash memory cell array.