Abstract: A bias block for providing a bias voltage includes a transistor having a control terminal, a first current terminal and a second current terminal. A voltage level at the control terminal determines a magnitude of current flowing between the first current terminal and the second current terminal. The first current terminal is coupled to a supply voltage via a first impedance and the second current terminal is coupled to a constant reference potential via a second impedance. The second current terminal provides the bias voltage. The bias block further includes a capacitor coupled between the control terminal and the second current terminal of the transistor.

Abstract: A residue block in a stage of a pipeline ADC processing differential signals contains multiple pairs of capacitors. During a hold phase of operation, one capacitor of a pair is connected to a positive reference voltage, and the other capacitor is connected to a negative reference voltage if the input signal exceeds a corresponding threshold voltage. When the input signal does not exceed the corresponding threshold voltage, both capacitors of the pair are connected either to the positive or the negative reference voltage. As a result, the need for a common mode reference voltage may be eliminated, and the residue block can be implemented with a smaller area.

Abstract: A residue block in a stage of a pipeline ADC processing differential signals contains multiple pairs of capacitors. During a hold phase of operation, one capacitor of a pair is connected to a positive reference voltage, and the other capacitor is connected to a negative reference voltage if the input signal exceeds a corresponding threshold voltage. When the input signal does not exceed the corresponding threshold voltage, both capacitors of the pair are connected either to the positive or the negative reference voltage. As a result, the need for a common mode reference voltage may be eliminated, and the residue block can be implemented with a smaller area.

Abstract: Equal common mode voltage is present at the input terminals of an operational amplifier with amplifies the residue signal in a stage of an ADC in two phases while reducing the noise introduced into the amplified signal. A reference capacitor is coupled between an input terminal of the operational amplifier and a reference voltage in a first phase, and between the input terminal and a the reference voltage but with opposite polarity in the second phase.

Abstract: A switched capacitor environment in which a feedback capacitor of a stage is flipped to be used as a sampling capacitor of the next stage. Due to such use of the feedback capacitor, the noise introduced by the stages is substantially reduced. Such switched capacitors can be used in analog to digital converters (ADC).