Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments associated with authentication via monitoring are described. One example method includes detecting a data flow in which indicia of identity (DFWIOI) travel between a first endpoint and a second endpoint. The DFWIOI may be partially encrypted. The example method may also include collecting an identity data associated with the DFWIOI from the DFWIOI, the first endpoint, the second endpoint, and so on. The example method may also include making an authentication policy decision regarding the DFWIOI based, at least in part, on the identity data. The example method may also include controlling a networking device associated with the DFWIOI based, at least in part, on the authentication policy decision.

Abstract: A method and an integrated circuit to improve sensitivity of decoding time of a GNSS receiver are disclosed. A plurality of estimates of states of an encoder for one or more instances of a time counter is maintained. A signal comprising a plurality of data bits corresponding to an instance of the time counter is detected and at least one augmented state for each estimate of states of the encoder is determined. A corresponding augmented state for successive instances of the time counter is predicted and an augmented branch metric for each of the at least one augmented state is computed. A path metric for the each estimate is updated based on the augmented branch metric for each of the at least one augmented state and a time counter value is determined based on the path metric for the each estimate.

Abstract: A Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver determines a measurement error covariance from a reference position and a set of measured pseudoranges from a set of GNSS satellites. The position and velocity solution is determined from the measurement error covariance and the set of measured pseudoranges. The measurement error covariance is determined as function of the difference between a reference pseudorange and measured pseudorange. The reference pseudorange is computed from the reference position to a satellite. The measurement error covariance is determined as function of the difference only if the measured pseudorange is greater than the reference pseudorange. The GNSS receiver also determines measurement error covariance as function of one or more of correlation peak shape, difference, the correlation peak shape, a received signal to noise ratio and a tracking loop error.

Abstract: A method for navigating using a speed sensor and a yaw rate sensor includes computing, for each of a plurality of error parameter values, a distance traveled for each of a plurality of directions of travel. The method also includes selecting the error parameter value that maximizes the distance traveled in one or more of the directions of travel, applying the selected error parameter value to data from the yaw rate sensor, and navigating using dead reckoning based on data from the speed sensor and data from the yaw rate sensor with the applied error parameter value.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process for the preparation of Caspofungin and its intermediates from Pneumocandin B0.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a method of adjusting a bandwidth of receivers. A plurality of outputs from a correlator engine are combined. User dynamics are sensed. Bandwidth of one or more receivers are adjusted. By detecting when the user is stationary, the Doppler frequency estimation can be corrected or the SNR can be boosted more both of which lead to improved performance. The embodiments allow a receiver to process signals in when the signal level would otherwise be too low—for example indoors. The embodiments can improve performance when one or more satellites are temporarily blocked but one or more satellites are still being tracked.

Abstract: Methods and systems for power and performance optimization are disclosed. In an embodiment, a method of power and performance optimization may include or comprise determining an environment condition of at least one of a current location and one or more intermediate locations along a route of a navigation system based on an environment information. The method also includes or comprises configuring one or more features associated with power and performance optimization in a navigation receiver associated with the navigation system based on the determined environment condition.

Abstract: Methods and integrated circuits for performing receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM) in global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers are disclosed. In an embodiment, a first information comprising current position related information is accessed. A second information comprising predicted position related information is accessed based on previously received information. A solution is computed based on the first information and the second information and a presence of outlier information is determined in at least one of the first information and the second information based on the solution.

Abstract: An electronic circuit for a satellite receiver. The electronic circuit includes a correlator circuit operable to supply a data signal including ephemeris data and a subsequent satellite time datum, and a data processor operable to infer satellite time TS from as few as one of the ephemeris data prior to the satellite time datum. Other circuits, devices, receivers, systems, processes of operation and processes of manufacture are also disclosed.

Abstract: A system (10) for pedestrian use includes an accelerometer (110) having multiple electronic sensors; an electronic circuit (100) operable to generate a signal stream representing magnitude of overall acceleration sensed by the accelerometer (110), and to electronically correlate a sliding window (520) of the signal stream with itself to produce peaks at least some of which represent walking steps, and further operable to electronically execute a periodicity check (540) to compare different step periods for similarity, and if sufficiently similar then to update (560) a portion of the circuit substantially representing a walking-step count; and an electronic display (190) responsive to the electronic circuit (100) to display information at least in part based on the step count. Other systems, electronic circuits and processes are disclosed.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a method of reacquiring satellite signals quickly. A pseudorange of at least one satellite is estimated. A user's position is also estimated. Then a signal from at one or more satellites may be received. By detecting when the user is stationary, the Doppler frequency estimation can be corrected or the SNR can be boosted more both of which lead to improved performance. The embodiments allow a GNSS receiver to process signals in when the signal level would otherwise be too low—for example indoors. The embodiments can improve performance when one or more satellites are temporarily blocked but one or more satellites are still being tracked.

Abstract: A method and an integrated circuit to improve sensitivity of decoding time of a GNSS receiver are disclosed. A plurality of estimates of states of an encoder for one or more instances of a time counter is maintained. A signal comprising a plurality of data bits corresponding to an instance of the time counter is detected and at least one augmented state for each estimate of states of the encoder is determined. A corresponding augmented state for successive instances of the time counter is predicted and an augmented branch metric for each of the at least one augmented state is computed. A path metric for the each estimate is updated based on the augmented branch metric for each of the at least one augmented state and a time counter value is determined based on the path metric for the each estimate.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a method of detecting movement to aid GNSS receivers. By detecting when the user is stationary, the Doppler frequency estimation can be corrected or the SNR can be boosted more both of which lead to improved performance. The embodiments allow a GNSS receiver to process signals in when the signal level would otherwise be too low—for example indoors. The embodiments can improve performance when one or more satellites are temporarily blocked but one or more satellites are still being tracked.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a method of reacquiring satellite signals quickly. A pseudorange of at least one satellite is estimated. A user's position is also estimated. Then a signal from at one or more satellites may be received. By detecting when the user is stationary, the Doppler frequency estimation can be corrected or the SNR can be boosted more both of which lead to improved performance. The embodiments allow a GNSS receiver to process signals in when the signal level would otherwise be too low—for example indoors. The embodiments can improve performance when one or more satellites are temporarily blocked but one or more satellites are still being tracked.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a method of adjusting a bandwidth of receivers. A plurality of outputs from a correlator engine are combined. User dynamics are sensed. Bandwidth of one or more receivers are adjusted. By detecting when the user is stationary, the Doppler frequency estimation can be corrected or the SNR can be boosted more both of which lead to improved performance. The embodiments allow a receiver to process signals in when the signal level would otherwise be too low—for example indoors. The embodiments can improve performance when one or more satellites are temporarily blocked but one or more satellites are still being tracked.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure provide a cross coupled position engine architecture for sensor integration in a Global Navigation Satellite System. In one embodiment, a data processing engine for processing inertial sensor data within a positioning system receiver is disclosed. The data processing engine includes a first input for receiving the sensor data, and a second input for receiving a positioning data. The data processing system also includes a memory and a processor. The processor of the data processing system is coupled to the memory and to the first and second input. The processor of the data processing system is configured to calculate a net acceleration profile data from the inertial sensor data and from the positioning data. The net acceleration profile data calculated by the processor of the data processing system is used for the Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver to subsequently calculate a position and a velocity data.

Abstract: A personal navigation device configured to determine heading readings continuously using data from a sensor in the personal navigation device. Heading readings are selected corresponding to a periodic event. A representative heading is determined from the selected heading readings. When a portion of the selected heading readings has a value within a range of the representative heading, a static heading indicator is asserted to indicate the personal navigation device is moving in a static heading. The static heading indicator may be used to smooth an estimated trajectory of the personal navigation device.

Abstract: An electronic circuit (2250) for a satellite receiver (100, 2200). The electronic circuit (2250) includes a correlator circuit (2310) operable to supply a data signal including ephemeris data and a subsequent satellite time datum, and a data processor (2370, 2380) operable to infer satellite time TS from as few as one of the ephemeris data prior to the satellite time datum. Other circuits, devices, receivers, systems, processes of operation and processes of manufacture are also disclosed.

Abstract: Enhancing position accuracy in global positioning system receivers. A pseudorange is measured, in a receiver, from each signal of a plurality of signals. Each signal is received from a different one of a plurality of satellites. A check is performed for an inconsistency among measured pseudoranges. Each measured pseudorange corresponds to the different one of the plurality of satellites. Further a power saving mode of the receiver is inactivated if the inconsistency is determined among the measured pseudoranges. Additionally, a position of the receiver is determined when the power saving mode is inactivated.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments associated with client identification for transportation layer security sessions are described. One example method includes monitoring a first transportation layer security (TLS) communication between a server and a client. The example method may also include interrupting the first TLS communication and causing the first TLS communication to be interrupted. The example method may also include initiating a second TLS communication with a client side device. The second TLS communication may request a certificate from the client side device. The certificate may include secure information that identifies the client. The example method may also include receiving the certificate from the client side device. The example method may also include authenticating the client, the client side device, and so on, based, at least in part, on the certificate.