Abstract: A foam material includes the reaction product of a polyol mixture and an isocyanate mixture and a graphite filler obtained from spent lithium-ion batteries. The graphite filler defines a layered structure and adhesion anchor points.

Abstract: A foam material includes the reaction product of a polyol mixture and an isocyanate mixture and a graphite filler obtained from spent lithium-ion batteries in an amount of ?0.025 wt. % to ?0.5 wt. % such that the graphite filler provides a foam material that has a plane wave absorption coefficient of greater than or equal to about 0.75 at 600 Hz.

Abstract: A foam material includes the reaction product of a polyol mixture and an isocyanate mixture and a boron nitride filler in an amount of ?0.01 wt. % to ?0.1 wt. %. In various forms, the boron nitride filler is of nanoparticles, is of hexagonal boron nitride, and/or is treated with a silane coupling agent.

Abstract: A foam material includes the reaction product of a polyol mixture and an isocyanate mixture and a boron nitride filer in an amount of ? 0.01 wt. % to ? 0.1 wt. %. In various forms, the boron nitride filer is of nanoparticles, is of hexagonal boron nitride, and/or is treated with a silane coupling agent.

Abstract: A foam material includes the reaction product of a polyol mixture and an isocyanate mixture, and a MXene filler in an amount up to about 0.5 wt. %. A method of forming the foam material includes adding a MXene filler in an amount up to about 0.5 wt. % into one of a polyol mixture and an isocyanate mixture, the MXene filler being in the form of layered flakes, combining the MXene filler, one of the polyol mixture and the isocyanate mixture, and a bonding enhancer to form a first liquid component into a high shear exfoliation mixer. During mixing, the MXene filler is delaminated into single layers, each of the single layers being arranged in random orientations, which is then combined with the other of the polyol mixture or the isocyanate mixture to form the foam material.

Abstract: A composite material composition includes a polymer matrix and biochar fibers disposed throughout the polymer matrix. The polymer matrix of the composite material composition may be a recycled material and the biochar fibers may made from a natural material.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, system and computer program where an apparatus stores user specific credentials, receives a certificate via the communication interface from a certificate authority and stores the certificate in the memory. The apparatus further stores a private key and a public key in the memory and attempts authenticating of the apparatus to a ticket reader for accessing a service, by transmission of one or more messages, wherein the messages contain an authenticator that has at least one of the following: the certificate or its cryptographic derivative; one or more data items contained by the certificate or a cryptographic derivative thereof. The messages are prepared such that the public key is not recoverable from outside of the authenticator.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, system and computer program where an apparatus stores user specific credentials, receives a certificate via the communication interface from a certificate authority and stores the certificate in the memory. The apparatus further stores a private key and a public key in the memory and attempts authenticating of the apparatus to a ticket reader for accessing a service, by transmission of one or more messages, wherein the messages contain an authenticator that has at least one of the following: the certificate or its cryptographic derivative; one or more data items contained by the certificate or a cryptographic derivative thereof. The messages are prepared such that the public key is not recoverable from outside of the authenticator.