Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining a temperature (T) of a plurality of memory elements (10) having a temperature-dependent probability (P) of assuming a particular bit value, the method comprising: triggering (110) the plurality of memory elements (10) to assume the particular bit value; reading out (120) the contents of the plurality of memory elements (10) to obtain read data (D), and processing (130) the read data (D) for determining a value (Vact) indicative of the temperature (T). The invention also relates to a program product comprising instructions for causing a processor to perform the method. Such computer program is advantageously used in a smartcard, which then does not need any structural modification at all. The invention further relates to a system for determining a temperature (T) of a plurality of memory elements (10). Such system is advantageously implemented in an integrated circuit, wherein the plurality of memory elements (10) forms part of an integrated memory.

Abstract: In order to further develop a circuit arrangement for as well as a method of performing at least one operation, in particular at least one cryptographic calculation, wherein the problem of creating at least one key, in particular the R[ivest-]S[hamir-]A[dleman] key, satisfying at least one defined digital signature laws, in particular satisfying the German Digital Signature Law, is solved it is proposed that at least one, preferably two, prime numbers (p; q) for key generation, in particular for R[ivest-]S[hamir-]A[dleman] key generation, are searched in compliance with at least one defined digital signature law, in particular with the German Digital Signature Law.

Abstract: In order to further develop a circuit arrangement for as well as a method of performing an inversion operation in a cryptographic calculation, wherein only inversion modulo an odd number is allowed, it is proposed that the inversion operation is performed modulo at least one even number.

Abstract: In order to further develop a circuit arrangement for as well as a method of performing at least one operation, in particular at least one cryptographic calculation, wherein the problem of creating at least one key, in particular the R[ivest-]S[hamir-] A[dleman] key, satisfying at least one defined digital signature laws, in particular satisfying the German Digital Signature Law, is solved it is proposed that at least one, preferably two, prime numbers (p; q) for key generation, in particular for R[ivest-]S[hamir-]A[dleman] key generation, are searched in compliance with at least one defined digital signature law, in particular with the German Digital Signature Law.

Abstract: In order to further develop a circuit arrangement for as well as a method of performing an inversion operation in a cryptographic calculation, wherein only inversion modulo an odd number is allowed, it is proposed that the inversion operation is performed modulo at least one even number.

Abstract: An encryptor 20 encrypts a data word D under control of the associated address A using two cryptographic steps. A hash function B1 converts the address A into a hashed address B1(A). A combiner 24, such as an XOR function, combines the data word D with the hashed address B1(A). The outcome is encrypted further using a block cipher B2. A writer 30 writes the encrypted word D′ to the memory 60 under control of the address A.