Abstract: Techniques of preventing sabotage attacks in cyber-physical systems involve automatically identifying links between nodes of a graph representing cyber-physical systems as vulnerable to sabotage attacks according to a vulnerability metric for each link. The vulnerability metric used depends on the particular sabotage attack used to determine the vulnerable links. Once a computer configured to design cyber-physical systems based on vulnerability to sabotage attacks receives data representing the graph, the computer enumerates the possible links between nodes of the graph along which a sabotage attack may be performed. For each of those links, the computer computes the vulnerability metric. The computer then ranks the links according to respective values of the vulnerability metric. Based on the ranking, a designer may then perform a mitigation analysis that results in changes to the graph to reduce the vulnerability at each node accessible to a malicious actor.

Abstract: Techniques of preventing sabotage attacks in cyber-physical systems involve automatically identifying links between nodes of a graph representing cyber-physical systems as vulnerable to sabotage attacks according to a vulnerability metric for each link. The vulnerability metric used depends on the particular sabotage attack used to determine the vulnerable links. Once a computer configured to design cyber-physical systems based on vulnerability to sabotage attacks receives data representing the graph, the computer enumerates the possible links between nodes of the graph along which a sabotage attack may be performed. For each of those links, the computer computes the vulnerability metric. The computer then ranks the links according to respective values of the vulnerability metric. Based on the ranking, a designer may then perform a mitigation analysis that results in changes to the graph to reduce the vulnerability at each node accessible to a malicious actor.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and articles for managing hedging agreement roll overs in forward securities transactions are provided. In an embodiment, a forward securities transaction business object records data relating to a hedging agreement as well as any subsequent roll over data. In an embodiment, the original hedging agreement data and the subsequent roll over data may be used in an embodiment to calculate the effectiveness of the hedging agreement to determine whether hedge accounting may be used to account for the hedging agreement. The data in the forward securities transaction business object may be used in some embodiments in other calculations as well, such as accounting calculations or rate of return calculations.