Abstract: An algorithm for the detection of military vehicles in FLIR imagery is used as a prescreener to eliminate large areas of the image from further analysis. The output is a list of likely target locations with confidence numbers, which may be sent to a more complex clutter rejection algorithm for analysis. The algorithm uses simple features, and is intended to be applicable to a wide variety of target-sensor geometries, sensor configurations, and applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of such isomer mixtures of cypermethrine of the Formula (I) ##STR1## wherein carbon atoms indicated by 1, 3 and .alpha. stand for a chiral carbon atom and the wavy line indicates cis or trans configuration related to the cyclopropane ring--which contains out of the theoretically possible 8-isomers of cypermethrine at least 95% of 1RtransS and 1StransR (Ib) isomer pair or only a mixture of 1RcisC and 1ScisR (Ia) and the isomer pair (Ib) of the ratio (Ia):(Ib)=55:45-25:75 by asymmetric transformation of second order performed in the presence of an amine base and solvent from a starting cypermethrine isomer mixture which contains next to the isomer pair (Ib) cis and other trans isomers or the isomer pair Ia+Ib at an undesired ratio.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for preparing a synergistic, crystalline product consisting of solely enantiomer pair 1RCisS and 1SCisR and enantiomer pair 1RTransS and 1STransR of cypermethrin in a 3:7 to 5:5 crystalline mixture, which comprises the steps of: (a) epimerizing an oily melt or a saturated solution of enantiomer pair 1RCisS and 1SCisR and enantiomer pair 1RTransS and 1STransR in a ratio other than 3:7 to 5:5, or a mixture of enantiomer pair 1RCisS and 1SCisR, enantiomer pair 1RTransS and 1STransR together with enantiomer pair 1RCisR and 1SCisS and enantiomer pair 1RTransR and 1STransS, said saturated solution including a protic or apolar, aprotic inert organic solvent by treating said oily melt or saturated solution with an organic or inorganic base at a temperature of -15.degree. C. to 30.degree. C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multi-component pesticidal composition against anthropoda containing as active ingredient pyrethroides and phosphate esters and optionally piperonyl butoxide and excipients comprising as pyrethroid component 0.1 to 40 percent by weight of cypermethrin related to the total weight comprising out of the 8 possible isomers 40 to 100 percent by weight of 1RcisS and/or 1RtransS stereoisomer and as a second component at least one phosphoric acid, thiophosphoric acid or dithiophosphate being toxic on arthropoda at a ratio of 1:1-99 related to the amount of cypermethrin.

Abstract: According to the present invention there is provided a synergistic insecticidal composition containing more than one active ingredients and being harmless to environment characterized by comprising in an amount of from 0.001 to 99% by weight a synthetic pyrethroid of the Formula /I/ ##STR1## namely substantially only the 1RtransS and 1StransR entantiomer-pair /Ib/ out from the possible eight isomers--optionally in admixture with an amount of up to 100% by weight of one or more activator/s/ and auxiliary agent/s/, particularly antioxidants, stabilizing agents, wetting agents, emulsifying agents, dispersing agents, antifoam agents, diluents and/or fillers.The enantiomer-pair Ib consisting of the 1RtransS and 1StransR isomers is new and the invention also relates to the said new enantiomer-pair and a process for the preparation thereof.

Abstract: According to the present invention there is provided an insecticidal composition containing more than one active ingredients which comprises as active ingredient in an amount of 0.001-99% by weight a synthetic pyrethroid of the general Formula I ##STR1## wherein X stands for chlorine or bromine--namely out of the eight possible isomers at least 95% of a 55:45-25:75 mixture of the enantiomer-pairs Ia:Ib, wherein Ia is 1RcisS+1ScisR and Ib is 1RtransS++1StransR--if desired, in admixture with an activator and/or with an amount of up to 100% of an auxiliary agent, preferably an antioxidant, stabilizer, wetting agent, emulsifying agent, dispersing agent, antifoam agent, diluent, carrier, and/or filler.The advantage of the insecticidal composition of the present invention is that it is less toxical towards warm-blooded animals and useful parasites and is therefore much less harmful to the environment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to synergistic arthropodicidal composition of several pyrethroidal active ingredients causing no damage to warm-blooded organisms comprising pyrethroides and piperonyl butoxide as active ingredient which comprises as pyrethroidal active ingredient 0.1-20% by weight of 1StransR-alpha-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl-3- (2,2-dichlorvinyl)-2,2-dimethyl/cyclopropane-cyrboxylate of the Formula I ##STR1## 0.05-10% by weight of cis-trans-tetramethrin (3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimido-methyl(1RS)-cis-trans-chrysantemate) or trans-tetramethrin of the Formula II ##STR2## and a further pyrethroide, 0.

Abstract: According to the present invention there is provided a synergistic insecticidal composition containing more than one active ingredients and being harmless to environment characterized by comprising in an amount of from 0.001 to 99% by weight a synthetic pyrethroid of the Formula /I/ ##STR1## namely substantially only the 1RtransS and 1StransR entantiomer-pair /Ib/ out from the possible eight isomers--optionally in admixture with an amount of up to 100% by weight of one or more activator/s/ and auxiliary agent/s/, particularly antioxidants, stabilizing agents, wetting agents, emulsifying agents, dispersing agents, antifoam agents, dileunts and/or fillers.The enantiomer-pair Ib consisting of the 1RtransS and 1StransR isomers is new and the invention also relates to the said new enantiomer-pair and a process for the preparation thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to the separation of the geometrical isomers of cyclopropane carboxylic acids of formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R represents alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or halogen.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new polyacrylamide adhesive suitable for the fixing of fine-particle sorbent layers based on organic and/or inorganic compounds, used in overpressured one- and multilayer chromatographic procedures.The said adhesive is prepared by polymerizing the aqueous solutions of acrylamide and N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide in the presence of a catalyst pair at from 21.degree. to 30.degree. C., pulpifying the precipitate thus obtained and repeating the precipitation and the pulpification more times.

Abstract: An adsorbent layer (stationary phase) for a pressurized layer chromatographic apparatus, for the development of linear chromatogram, is sealed at the edges by impregnation. For the purpose of solvent control some of the adsorbent material is removed in one or several zones of the adsorbent layer near the place of solvent admission, or one or several baffle plates or wires are arranged behind the place(s) of sample application, or if necessary, the adsorbent layer is provided with a conventionally formed concentration zone in the area of the solvent admission. As a result of the impregnation, the migrating solvent composite does not escape at the edges of the adsorbent layer according to the invention in case of overpressure. As a result of the removal of adsorbent material, or the arrangement of baffles or wires, or the application of a concentration zone, the solvent migrates with a straight-line front.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the selective separation of esters of the general formula IIA--COOR.sup.1 IIfrom mixtures containing the cyclopropane carboxylic acid esters of the general formula I ##STR1## in addition to the said esters of the general formula II by reacting the said mixture with an amine of the general formula III ##STR2## when removing the acid amides formed from the esters of the general formula II by washing the mixture with water of removing the esters of the general formula I by distillation.The compounds of the general formula I are the intermediates of herbicides. The requested purity of the herbicides can be achieved if pure intermediates are used.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new process for the preparation of cyclopropanecarboxylic acids of the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein X and Y independently stand for halogen, by the alkaline hydrolysis of the corresponding alkyl esters having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety, in or without a water-miscible organic solvent, in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst. The hydrolysis is carried out with a 2 to 50% by weight aqueous alkali hydroxide solution. If desired, under suitable conditions the cis/trans ratio of the original ester can be altered in the end products. The cyclopropanecarboxylic acids of the formula (I) are obtained in a high purity and are useful intermediates of insecticidally active pyrethroids.

Abstract: The present invention concerns new cyclodextrin-polyvinyl alcohol polymers capable of forming inclusion complexes. The preparation of said polymers by cross-linking a cyclodextrin, a mixture of cyclodextrins, or carbohydrate mixtures containing cyclodextrins in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate or a polyvinyl alcohol-polyvinyl acetate copolymer, with a polyfunctional coupling reactant capable of reacting with the cyclodextrins and with the polymers present is also within the scope of the invention.