Abstract: A spatial light modulator for a holographic head-up display in a vehicle, comprising: a first substrate, and a second substrate opposing the first substrate; a first alignment layer disposed on the first substrate, and a second alignment layer disposed on the second substrate; and a liquid crystal mixture provided between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer, wherein the liquid crystal mixture comprises: a first liquid crystal component having a nematic phase in a first temperature range; and a second liquid crystal component having a ferroelectric nematic phase in a second temperature range, wherein the first temperature range and second temperature range at least partially overlap in a third temperature range.